Abstract: An outlet tube includes a first rib, a second rib, and a channel positioned between the first rib and the second rib. The first rib extends from a surface of the tube. The first rib tapers between a first thickness and a second thickness. The second rib extends from the surface of the tube. The second rib tapers between the first thickness and the second thickness. The channel has a first width between adjacent first thicknesses and a second width between adjacent second thicknesses. The first width is greater than the second width.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for increasing the growth of a plant by contacting a seed of the plant with a composition comprising a cationic guar having an average molecular weight of between 2,000 Daltons and 90,000 Daltons. The present invention also provides a seed treated with a cationic guar having an average molecular weight of between 2,000 Daltons and 90,000 Daltons.

Abstract: The present invention discloses is a multi-band hyperbolic frequency modulation spread spectrum communication method based on cross sub-band division. In the present solution, multi-band division of different sub-band quantities is performed on an available bandwidth of an underwater acoustic system according to the parity of the serial number of the current spread spectrum period to achieve the aim of cross sub-band division. On this basis, a plurality of divided sub-bands are grouped in pairs; for each group, sub-band selection is performed according to different transmitted data by using a sub-band selection and activation method to realize multi-band parallel transmission. Meanwhile, in each spread spectrum period, an activated sub-band performs frequency modulation on a modulated signal by using rising and falling hyperbolic frequency modulation signals respectively.

Abstract: Provided are a method and device for dynamically monitoring suspended matter based on an annular interleaving array. An annular multi-band interleaving array used thereby can be combined with the Doppler effect to on-line measure the concentration and linearity distribution of the suspended matter and a three-dimensional flow velocity of suspended water, thus realizing real-time monitoring of water quality. A frequency range needing to be measured is divided into different frequency bands, and different transceiving transducer arrays are used to transmit and receive measurement signals, so that the concentration and linearity distribution of various suspended matter with an extremely large linearity range can be obtained through one measurement.

Abstract: An outlet tube includes a first rib, a second rib, and a channel positioned between the first rib and the second rib. The first rib extends from a surface of the tube. The first rib tapers between a first thickness and a second thickness. The second rib extends from the surface of the tube. The second rib tapers between the first thickness and the second thickness. The channel has a first width between adjacent first thicknesses and a second width between adjacent second thicknesses. The first width is greater than the second width.

Abstract: Disclosed by the present invention is a sub-band selection activation-based multi-band hyperbolic frequency modulation spread spectrum underwater acoustic communication method. The present invention discloses: dividing the available bandwidth of an underwater acoustic system into a plurality of sub-bands, performing hyperbolic frequency modulation on each of the sub-bands respectively, and performing spread spectrum modulation on the plurality of sub-bands within the same frequency modulation period, thus implementing multi-band parallel transmission. Hence, within each frequency modulation period, the divided plurality of sub-bands is grouped, and each sub-band group activates different sub-bands for transmission according to different options for transmitting data. Compared to other underwater acoustic hyperbolic frequency modulation communication solutions, the present invention further improves the frequency band utilization of the system, and the energy efficiency is also improved.

Abstract: Provided is the use of a lanthanide metal complex as a bleaching catalyst. In particular, the lanthanide metal complex comprises a ligand which is an aromatic compound having at least one electron withdrawing substituent and at least one nucleophilic group. Provided is also a composition containing the lanthanide metal complex.

Abstract: A seed or seedling is coated with underivatized guar, cationic hydroxypropyl guar, polyacrylamide, poly(methacrylic acid), poly(acrylic acid), polyacrylate, poly(ethylene glycol), polyethyleneoxide, poly(vinyl alcohol), polyglycerol, polytetrahydrofuran, polyamide, hydroxypropyl guar, carboxymethyl guar, carboxymethylhydroxypropyl guar, underivatized starch, cationic starch, corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch, potato starch, tapioca, waxy maize, sorghum, waxy sarghum, sago, dextrin, chitin, chitosan, xanthan gum, carageenan gum, gum karaya, gum arabic, pectin, cellulose, hydroxycellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethylhydroxyethyl cellulose, or hydroxypropyl cellulose, the coated seed or seedling having a shelf-life at room temperature in ambient conditions in an unsealed container to at least two months.

Abstract: The invention provides a frequency offset estimation method for an OFDM-IM system. The method includes: S1. performing preliminary frequency offset compensation on a received signal subjected to non-uniform frequency offset by using a two-step method of: (1) resampling and down conversion; and (2) unified compensation for residual frequency offset ?, wherein in the step (2), a sum of energy of null sub-carriers is used as a cost function, an initial estimation value of ? is obtained by one-dimensional search, and the preliminary compensation is performed; S2. estimating positions of non-activated sub-carriers in the OFDM-IM system by using the signal subjected to the preliminary compensation; and S3. assigning certain weights to the estimated sub-carriers, adding energy of the estimated sub-carriers into the cost function according to different weights, obtaining a final estimation value of ? by the one-dimensional search performed on ?, and performing secondary compensation.

Abstract: Provided is the use of a lanthanide metal complex as a bleaching catalyst. In particular, the lanthanide metal complex comprises a ligand which is an aromatic compound having at least one electron withdrawing substituent and at least one nucleophilic group. Provided is also a composition containing the lanthanide metal complex.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for automatically identifying a modulation mode for a digital communication signal. The method comprises the following steps of: S1: preprocessing a training digital modulation signal; S2: extracting a characteristic value of the training digital modulation signal; S3: constructing a strong classifier by Bagging learning; and S4: preprocessing a modulation signal to be tested and extracting a corresponding characteristic parameter, and then inputting the characteristic parameter into the strong classifier in the S3 to classify and identify the modulation signal. According to the method, by processing all characteristic values in parallel, a success rate of identification has little to do with an identification performance of a single characteristic parameter and is mainly related to an overall performance, so that the identification to the modulation mode has the advantages of fast identification speed and high success rate of identification.

Abstract: A method for estimating arrival time based on noise cancellation includes transmitting, with a transmit terminal, an ultra-wideband pulse sequence; performing power sampling on a received ultra-wideband signal; averaging a power sampling sequence; carrying out a calculation to obtain a noise mean vector; using a sum-of-rank method to obtain a rank of a power mean column vector; setting a decision threshold; and performing time-of-arrival (TOA) estimation.

Abstract: A method for estimating arrival time based on noise cancellation, includes transmitting, with a transmit terminal, an ultra-wideband pulse sequence; performing power sampling on a received ultra-wideband signal; averaging a power sampling sequence; carrying out a calculation to obtain a noise mean vector; using a sum-of-rank method to obtain a rank of a power mean column vector; setting a decision threshold; and performing time-of-arrival (TOA) estimation.

Abstract: The invention provides a frequency offset estimation method for an OFDM-IM system. The method includes: S1. performing preliminary frequency offset compensation on a received signal subjected to non-uniform frequency offset by using a two-step method of: (1) resampling and down conversion; and (2) unified compensation for residual frequency offset ?, wherein in the step (2), a sum of energy of null sub-carriers is used as a cost function, an initial estimation value of ? is obtained by one-dimensional search, and the preliminary compensation is performed; S2. estimating positions of non-activated sub-carriers in the OFDM-IM system by using the signal subjected to the preliminary compensation; and S3. assigning certain weights to the estimated sub-carriers, adding energy of the estimated sub-carriers into the cost function according to different weights, obtaining a final estimation value of ? by the one-dimensional search performed on ?, and performing secondary compensation.

Abstract: A seed or seedling is coated with underivatized guar, cationic hydroxypropyl guar, polyacrylamide, poly(methacrylic acid), poly(acrylic acid), polyacrylate, poly(ethylene glycol), polyethyleneoxide, poly(vinyl alcohol), polyglycerol, polytetrahydrofuran, polyamide, hydroxypropyl guar, carboxymethyl guar, carboxymethylhydroxypropyl guar, underivatized starch, cationic starch, corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch, potato starch, tapioca, waxy maize, sorghum, waxy sarghum, sago, dextrin, chitin, chitosan, xanthan gum, carageenan gum, gum karaya, gum arabic, pectin, cellulose, hydroxycellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethylhydroxyethyl cellulose, or hydroxypropyl cellulose, the coated seed or seedling having a shelf-life at room temperature in ambient conditions in an unsealed container to at least two months.

Abstract: Disclosed by the present invention is a sub-band selection activation-based multi-band hyperbolic frequency modulation spread spectrum underwater acoustic communication method. The present invention discloses: dividing the available bandwidth of an underwater acoustic system into a plurality of sub-bands, performing hyperbolic frequency modulation on each of the sub-bands respectively, and performing spread spectrum modulation on the plurality of sub-bands within the same frequency modulation period, thus implementing multi-band parallel transmission. Hence, within each frequency modulation period, the divided plurality of sub-bands is grouped, and each sub-band group activates different sub-bands for transmission according to different options for transmitting data. Compared to other underwater acoustic hyperbolic frequency modulation communication solutions, the present invention further improves the frequency band utilization of the system, and the energy efficiency is also improved.

Abstract: An internal valve including a valve body, a poppet valve coupled to the valve body, a bleed valve, a stem slidably disposed in the valve body and operatively coupled to the bleed valve. The stem is shiftable from a first position wherein the poppet valve and the bleed valve are both closed, to a second position wherein the bleed valve is open, and a third position wherein the bleed valve is closed, the poppet valve is open, and the poppet valve may shift toward the closed position and the bleed valve may open in response to a pressure change. A spring seat is coupled to the stem via a retaining feature such that the spring seat is movably disposed in the valve body, and a spring is operatively coupled to the stem via the spring seat and configured to bias the stem toward the first position.

Abstract: A seed or seedling is coated with underivatized guar, cationic hydroxypropyl guar, polyacrylamide, poly(methacrylic acid), poly(acrylic acid), polyacrylate, polyethylene glycol), polyethyleneoxide, poly(vinyl alcohol), polyglycerol, polytetrahydrofuran, polyamide, hydroxypropyl guar, carboxymethyl guar, carboxymethylhydroxypropyl guar, underivatized starch, cationic starch, corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch, potato starch, tapioca, waxy maize, sorghum, waxy sorghum, sago, dextrin, chitin, chitosan, xanthan gum, carageenan gum, gum karaya, gum arabic, pectin, cellulose, hydroxycellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethylhydroxyethyl cellulose, or hydroxypropyl cellulose, the coated seed or seedling having a shelf-life at room temperature in ambient conditions in an unsealed container to at least two months.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for automatically identifying a modulation mode for a digital communication signal. The method comprises the following steps of: S1: preprocessing a training digital modulation signal; S2: extracting a characteristic value of the training digital modulation signal; S3: constructing a strong classifier by Bagging learning; and S4: preprocessing a modulation signal to be tested and extracting a corresponding characteristic parameter, and then inputting the characteristic parameter into the strong classifier in the S3 to classify and identify the modulation signal. According to the method, by processing all characteristic values in parallel, a success rate of identification has little to do with an identification performance of a single characteristic parameter and is mainly related to an overall performance, so that the identification to the modulation mode has the advantages of fast identification speed and high success rate of identification.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a housing of an electronic device includes providing a substrate, forming a metal plating on a surface of the substrate, and laser-etching the metal plating to form a conductive layer. The conductive layer serves as an antenna radiator or a conductive circuit.