Abstract: A boiler has a shell surrounding a vertical centerline. The shell defines an inner surface having an inner diameter and an inner length extending between an upper upstream end and a lower downstream end. The inner surface defines a hollow interior, the boiler having a pre-combustion zone, a combustion zone downstream from the pre-combustion zone, and a post-combustion zone downstream from the combustion zone. The shell is tapered outward along its length in at least a portion of the combustion zone. An oxidizer inlet is in fluid communication with the pre-combustion zone, and a fuel nozzle introduces fuel into the combustion zone. A tube assembly is mounted in the hollow interior of the shell for transferring heat to fluid flowing through the tube assembly. A flue duct is in fluid communication with the post-combustion zone for transporting flue gases from the hollow interior.

Abstract: A method of producing bi-modal particles includes the steps of igniting a first precursor gas using a primary burner thereby producing a first plurality of particles of a first size, fluidly transporting the first plurality of particles down a particle tube, igniting a second precursor gas using a secondary burner thereby producing a second plurality of particles of a second size, flowing the second plurality of particles into the first plurality of particles, and capturing the first and second plurality of particles.

Abstract: A data operating method, device, and system are provided. The method includes: receiving an operation instruction sent by a CPU; when the operation instruction is a read instruction, reading a first data block in the block device and returning to-be-read data in the first data block to the CPU; or when the operation instruction is a write instruction, writing, into a cache, to-be-written data indicated by the write instruction, and writing, into the block device, a second data block that includes the to-be-written data. The method is used to operate data in a block device.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for constructing a storage virtualization network are provided according to examples. The apparatus includes a storage module to store first area information. A management module determines whether a first apparatus belongs to the first area based on area information in a message sent by the first apparatus and the first area information. Second storage resources information of the first apparatus is obtained and first storage resources information is updated by utilizing the second storage resources information.

Abstract: A data writing method and a memory system are disclosed. The method is applied to a memory system including at least a memory controller and a memory device, and the method includes: receiving, by the memory controller, change information sent by a cache, wherein the change information is information that is generated after the cache divides a first to-be-written cache line cache line of a last level cache LLC into at least one data block and that is used to indicate whether data in each of the at least one data block is changed; for each changed data block in which data is changed, sending, by the memory controller according to the change information, a corresponding column address and corresponding data to the memory device; and for a data block in which data is not changed, skipping performing, by the memory controller according to the change information, a write.

Abstract: A memory reclamation method and apparatus are disclosed. The memory reclamation method is performed by a processor for reclaiming memory pages of a non-volatile memory (NVM) in a terminal device. In the method, the processor receives a memory reclamation request message including a reclamation identifier which is used to indicate a quantity of memory pages requested to be reclaimed. Then, the processor reclaims inactive memory pages of the NVM according to the reclamation identifier in ascending order of the write times of inactive memory pages of the NVM. According to the memory reclamation method, a page having a relatively small quantity of inactive memory page write times of the NVM is reclaimed first, and a page having a relatively large quantity of inactive memory page write times of the NVM is reclaimed later.

Abstract: The invention provides devices, methods, and compositions for dry chemical reagents to measure calcium, magnesium (total hardness), and other analytes in water using colorimetric devices. The measurement may be a one-step procedure without the need of dilution and multi-step preparation, so that it can be easily employed by untrained personnel. The chemical reagents may include dyes, buffer reagents, masking reagents, competing ligands, and other chemicals such as fillers. The chemical reagents may be grinded together as a homogenous fine powder, equally dispensed into small containers for each test or dried as film or solid using the means of air, low heat or vacuum. The composition may be easily dissolved into water samples and stable for long term storage.

Abstract: A boiler system having a series of boilers. Each boiler includes a shell having an upstream end, a downstream end, and a hollow interior. The boilers also have an oxidizer inlet entering the hollow interior adjacent the upstream end of the shell and a fuel nozzle positioned adjacent the upstream end of the shell for introducing fuel into the hollow interior of the shell. Each boiler includes a flue duct connected to the shell adjacent the downstream end for transporting flue gas from the hollow interior. Oxygen is delivered to the oxidizer inlet of the first boiler in the series. Flue gas from the immediately preceding boiler in the series is delivered through the oxidizer inlet of each boiler subsequent to the first boiler in the series.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for constructing a storage virtualization network are provided according to examples. The apparatus includes a storage module to store first area information. A management module determines whether a first apparatus belongs to the first area based on area information in a message sent by the first apparatus and the first area information. Second storage resources information of the first apparatus is obtained and first storage resources information is updated by utilizing the second storage resources information.