Abstract: The present application discloses a cellular network access method and apparatus. An embodiment of the cellular network access method for a base station comprises: receiving, from a pair of D2D devices, a result of a spectrum detection which indicates a load level of a detected spectrum; selecting a cellular communication mode or a D2D communication mode based on the received result of the spectrum detection; and notifying the pair of D2D devices of the selected mode. Through dynamic switching between the cellular communication mode and the D2D communication mode, it is possible to make full use of the available spectrum, thereby increasing the throughput of the system.

Abstract: A method for preparing 5-(4-bromophenyl)-4,6-dichloropyrimidine is provided. The method comprises the steps of: preparing methyl p-bromophenylacetate (Intermediate I) by catalytic esterification of p-bromophenylacetic acid, and then reacting with dimethyl carbonate to synthesize 2-(4-bromophenyl)-malonic acid-1,3-dimethyl ester (Intermediate 2), cyclizing with formamidine hydrochloride to obtain 5-(4-bromophenyl)-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine (Intermediate 3), and then chlorinating to give the product 5-(4-bromophenyl)-4,6-dichloropyrimidine. In the process of preparing Intermediate 1 in the present invention, a solid acid is used as a catalyst. Moreover, in the process of preparing Intermediate 2, sodium methoxide is used as a base in place of sodium hydride or sodium amide used in the prior art. Furthermore, Intermediate 3 is prepared by a one-pot process.

Abstract: A method for preparing 5-(4-bromophenyl)-4,6-dichloropyrimidine is provided. The method comprises the steps of: preparing methyl p-bromophenylacetate (Intermediate I) by catalytic esterification of p-bromophenylacetic acid, and then reacting with dimethyl carbonate to synthesize 2-(4-bromophenyl)-malonic acid-1,3-dimethyl ester (Intermediate 2), cyclizing with formamidine hydrochloride to obtain 5-(4-bromophenyl)-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine (Intermediate 3), and then chlorinating to give the product 5-(4-bromophenyl)-4,6-dichloropyrimidine. In the process of preparing Intermediate 1 in the present invention, a solid acid is used as a catalyst. Moreover, in the process of preparing Intermediate 2, sodium methoxide is used as a base in place of sodium hydride or sodium amide used in the prior art. Furthermore, Intermediate 3 is prepared by a one-pot process.

Abstract: The present application discloses a cellular network access method and apparatus. An embodiment of the cellular network access method for a base station comprises: receiving, from a pair of D2D devices, a result of a spectrum detection which indicates a load level of a detected spectrum; selecting a cellular communication mode or a D2D communication mode based on the received result of the spectrum detection; and notifying the pair of D2D devices of the selected mode. Through dynamic switching between the cellular communication mode and the D2D communication mode, it is possible to make full use of the available spectrum, thereby increasing the throughput of the system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds that are useful as ligands in organometallic dyes. More particularly, the invention relates to dyes comprising the compounds, said dyes being sensitizing dyes useful in solar cell technology. According to an embodiment, the present invention discloses new ruthenium dyes and their application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC). The referred ruthenium dyes with new structural features can be easily synthesized, show more than 85% light-to-electricity conversion efficiency and a higher than 9% cell efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention refers to using the principal of a room temperature molten ionic liquid, to an electrolyte, to devices comprising the ionic liquid co-melting, and to the preparation of a room temperature ionic liquid via various physical and chemical methods. The room temperature molten ionic liquid comprises at least two component salts, at least one of which is not molten at room temperature, but, if combined with another salt, is in the molten state at room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention refers to using the principal of a room temperature molten ionic liquid, to an electrolyte, to devices comprising the ionic liquid co-melting, and to the preparation of a room temperature ionic liquid via various physical and chemical methods. The room temperature molten ionic liquid comprises at least two component salts, at least one of which is not molten at room temperature, but, if combined with another salt, is in the molten state at room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention refers to using the principal of a room temperature molten ionic liquid, to an electrolyte, to devices comprising the ionic liquid co-melting, and to the preparation of a room temperature ionic liquid via various physical and chemical methods. The room temperature molten ionic liquid comprises at least two component salts, at least one of which is not molten at room temperature, but, if combined with another salt, is in the molten state at room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new organic sensitizer compounds and to photoelectric conversion devices, in particular dye-sensitised solar cells comprising the new sensitizers. The present invention also relates to flexible photoelectric conversion devices, which are based on ionic liquid electrolytes or organic charge transporting materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds that are useful as ligands in organometallic dyes. More particularly, the invention relates to dyes comprising the compounds, said dyes being sensitizing dyes useful in solar cell technology. According to an embodiment, the present invention discloses new ruthenium dyes and their application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC). The referred ruthenium dyes with new structural features can be easily synthesized, show more than 85% light-to-electricity conversion efficiency and a higher than 9% cell efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new organic sensitizer compounds and to photoelectric conversion devices, in particular dye-sensitised solar cells comprising the new sensitizers. The present invention also relates to flexible photoelectric conversion devices, which are based on ionic liquid electrolytes or organic charge transporting materials.

Abstract: The present invention refers to using the principal of a room temperature molten ionic liquid, to an electrolyte, to devices comprising the ionic liquid co-melting, and to the preparation of a room temperature ionic liquid via various physical and chemical methods. The room temperature molten ionic liquid comprises at least two component salts, at least one of which is not molten at room temperature, but, if combined with another salt, is in the molten state at room temperature.