Abstract: An apparatus for supplying and dissipating heat, for carrying out reactions and for mixing and dispersing flowing media in a housing with an internal diameter for a medium and comprising internal fittings made up of a bundle of tubes with an external diameter or made up of other elongate elements oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing is provided. The apparatus includes crosspieces or crosspiece layers installed crosswise between the elongate elements. The crosspieces are inclined in relation to the longitudinal axis of the housing and are not in contact. After axially successive crosspieces, or a length, the crosspieces are installed between the tubes and turned by preferably 90°. A heat-transfer medium can flow in a co-current or counter-current mode. This results in a mixer/heat exchanger or reactor with an extremely large heat-transfer capacity and almost plug flow.

Abstract: A tube-bundle heat exchanger includes built-in elements formed by deflection surfaces, windows and directing sections. The product flows in the outer chamber of a tube-bundle heat exchanger with an inlet and an outlet for the product and an inlet and an outlet for the heat carrier medium in the tubes. The deflection panels including the tube-bundle heat exchanger are modified such that they leave windows open and a directing section is attached on the inlet side and the outlet side of the deflection surface. These directing sections run parallel to the tube axes and cross one another. The flow is divided by the direction sections on the inlet side and directed to the windows in opposing directions, where it then exits on respective opposing sides of the outlet sections and is deflected.

Abstract: The static devolatilisation apparatus serves to treat a liquid (7) containing polymers for the purpose of polymer devolatilisation. Volatile components are separated from the polymers in that the liquid standing under pressure is expanded in at least one phase separation chamber (2) in the upper regions of the container (10). A discharge pump (3) for the devolatilised polymer is located at the base of a sump region. An extraction line (4) for gases (8) is located in the upper region. The separation chamber includes an inlet (20) for the liquid to be treated, lower openings (210) for polymer discharge and at least a single upper opening (220) for gas discharge.

Abstract: The static devolatilisation apparatus serves to treat a liquid (7) containing polymers for the purpose of polymer devolatilisation. Volatile components are separated from the polymers in that the liquid standing under pressure is expanded in at least one phase separation chamber (2) in the upper regions of the container (10). A discharge pump (3) for the devolatilised polymer is located at the base of a sump region. An extraction line (4) for gases (8) is located in the upper region. The separation chamber includes an inlet (20) for the liquid to be treated, lower openings (210) for polymer discharge and at least a single upper opening (220) for gas discharge.

Abstract: A static mixer (10) is provided with a first grid (14) having one or more crossing elements (16) and one or more slots and a second grid (14) having one or more crossing elements (16) and one or more slots. The crossing elements (16) of the first grid (14) are arranged at intersecting angles to the crossing elements (16) of the second grid (14). At least one elongated connector (18) is positioned between and secured to adjacent crossing elements (16) of the first grid (14) and crossing elements (16) of the second grid (14). The grids may further be arranged such that each crossing element of one grid intersects a slot in the other grid.

Abstract: A static mixer (10) is provided with a first grid (14) having one or more crossing elements (16) and one or more slots and a second grid (14) having one or more crossing elements (16) and one or more slots. The crossing elements (16) of the first grid (14) are arranged at intersecting angles to the crossing elements (16) of the second grid (14). At least one elongated connector (18) is positioned between and secured to adjacent crossing elements (16) of the first grid (14) and crossing elements (16) of the second grid (14). The grids may further be arranged such that each crossing element of one grid intersects a slot in the other grid.

Abstract: A polymer devolatilization preheater and a method for using the same to preheat a polymer/solvent solution. The preheater includes an elongated, upright hollow vessel defining a heating chamber having a upper and lower ends, and a longitudinal axis extending between the ends. An inlet for a polymer/solvent solution is located adjacent the upper end of the chamber and a molten polymer outlet is located adjacent the lower end of the chamber. A plurality of heating tube bundles are mounted in the chamber, each bundle including a plurality of elongated serpentine heating tubes which are each arranged in a configuration having a major axis which extends across the chamber in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vessel. The tubes are positioned such that the polymer/solvent solution comes into heat transferring contact with an outer surface thereof as the polymer/solvent solution flows along a path that extends from the polymer/solvent solution inlet to the polymer outlet.

Abstract: The static laminar mixing device for mixing media of widely different viscosities has two mixers of different cross-sections arranged one after the other with the cross-section of the first mixer being smaller than the second mixer. An admixing device for metering additive of lower viscosity than the medium of the main flow is also provided. This admixing device has a plate which defines a converging orifice for passage of the main flow and additive therethrough into the first mixer while a nozzle is aligned with the orifice for adding the additive flow.

Abstract: The static laminar mixing device for mixing media of widely different viscosities has two mixers of different cross-sections arranged one after the other with the cross-section of the first mixer being smaller than the second mixer. An admixing device for metering additive of lower viscosity than the medium of the main flow is also provided. This admixing device has a plate which defines a converging orifice for passage of the main flow and additive therethrough into the first mixer while a nozzle is aligned with the orifice for adding the additive flow.

Abstract: A saddle element for a static mixer includes a generally ring-shaped support structure having a central axis, concentric inner and outer, radially spaced, circumferentially extending surfaces, and first and second axially spaced, generally parallel edge surfaces. The inner surface of the ring-shaped support structure defines a fluid flow path which extends along the central axis. The edge surfaces of the ring-shaped support structure are located in respective generally parallel transverse planes which are essentially perpendicular relative to the central axis. The saddle element also includes a plurality of crossbars that are located in the flow path. The crossbars have a first end which is closer to the transverse plane of the first edge of the ring-shaped support structure than to the transverse plane of the second edge of the ring-shaped support structure.

Abstract: A polymer devolatilization preheater and a method for using the same to preheat a polymer/solvent solution. The preheater includes an elongated, upright hollow vessel defining a heating chamber having a upper and lower ends, and a longitudinal axis extending between the ends. An inlet for a polymer/solvent solution is located adjacent the upper end of the chamber and a molten polymer outlet is located adjacent the lower end of the chamber. A plurality of heating tube bundles are mounted in the chamber, each bundle including a plurality of elongated serpentine heating tubes which are each arranged in a configuration having a major axis which extends across the chamber in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vessel. The tubes are positioned such that the polymer/solvent solution comes into heat transferring contact with an outer surface thereof as the polymer/solvent solution flows along a path that extends from the polymer/solvent solution inlet to the polymer outlet.

Abstract: The mixer arranged in a tube contains at least one or a plurality of mixing elements which have two axial sections each. To each section is assigned at least one separating flange subdividing the section. The separating flanges of the two sections cross one another. The tube cross section is divided into subareas by the separating flanges. At the boundary between the sections both open subareas and subareas covered by deflection plates are provided. On both sides of each separating flange is placed exactly one open subarea. With respect to successive mixing elements, neighboring separating flanges cross each other as well, and the open subareas are arranged so as to be offset with respect to one another.

Abstract: A mixing device for mixing a low-viscosity fluid into a high-viscosity fluid comprises the following parts: a main line for carrying the high-viscosity fluid and having inbuilt static mixing units of a main mixer; a branch line for a branch flow which is routed from the main line to the inlet of the main mixer, the main line and branch line of the main mixer being constructed from pipe sections with essentially parallel axes; a pump located in the branch line; a static auxiliary mixer at the end of the branch line; and a nozzle at the inlet to the auxiliary mixer for feeding in the low-viscosity fluid.

Abstract: The static mixer contains a bundle of chambered strings (A, B, . . . ) which at least partly comprise mixing-active chambers (A1, A2, . . . ). The bundle is arranged in a tube. The mixing-active chambers extend in the direction of the tube in each case between two closed ends. Two mutually adjacent side walls of the mixing-active chambers contain four alternately disposed passages which produce connections to two chambers lying upstream and downstream. Re-layering chambers are arranged between at least two sections of the mixer which contain mixing-active chambers, each of which has two closed ends and three lateral passages to adjacent chambers. The re-layering chambers occur in pairs, with a direct or an indirect connection being provided via one of the passages in each case.

Abstract: The static mixing element in a flow channel (7) has at least two deflectors (30) disposed on mountings (20) at a distance from the channel wall. The deflectors form an angle W of from 10.degree. to 45.degree. to the main flow direction Z. They have different orientations and the projection FZ of the deflectors in the main flow direction amounts to from 5% to 50% of the channel cross-section F. Cross-flows providing very efficient transverse mixing are therefore produced in a simple manner. When dispensing tubes (20, 21) are used as mountings a very effective mixing device is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gear pump which is especially suitable for discharging highly viscous media from a vacuum against a high delivery pressure. It includes a pair of gear wheels (2) and an inlet and outlet area in one housing. The inlet (4) has an enlargement (10) that extends at least as far as the plane (11) of the gear wheel axes (12). The length R of this enlargement parallel to the plane of the gear wheel axes and at right angles to the gear wheel axes is larger than the length D of the pair of gear wheels. According to this invention the enlargement (10) of gear wheels (2) has a width c in the direction of the gear wheel axes (12) which is greater than the tooth width T.

Abstract: The device for mixing a small quantity of fluid (1) into a the main flow of another fluid (2) in a main channel comprises an injection system (3) and a static mixing unit (4, 5) arranged downstream. The inlet cross section (F) of the mixing unit is divided into sub-areas (F1, F2, F3, F4). The injection system consists of main metering pipes with a plurality of directed metering openings (21). The flow quantities through the metering openings are proportional to the component flows through the corresponding associated sub-areas (F1, F2, F3, F4). This results in uniform thorough mixing over a short distance and with a small pressure drop. The mixing device is particularly suitable for Denox plant.

Abstract: The mixer installation contains duct components (21), which are disposed in the tower (2) in layers or beds (22, 23 24). The duct components (21) of a layer (22, 23, 24) and/or successive layers (22, 23 24) in the direction of flow of the flow material are angularly inclined with respect to one another and comprise parallel ducts (20) open to the tower clearance (20). The surfaces of the components (21) and of the ducts (210) of these components (21) may be coated with catalyzers. The plant for the removal of nitrogen from flue gas contains such components (21) provided with a surface coating having a catalytic effect.

Abstract: The tubular arm distributor is provided with at least one tubular arm having metering orifices through which a dispersed phase can be metered and a horizontal box-like element which extends over the metering orifices to define a chamber for receiving the dispersed phase. The box-like element has exit orifices in the form of slots along the side walls to distribute the dispersed phase into the continuous phase.

Abstract: The static mixing element in a flow channel (7) has at least two deflectors (30) disposed on mountings (20) at a distance from the channel wall. The deflectors form an angle W of from 10.degree. to 45.degree. to the main flow direction Z. They have different orientations and the projection FZ of the deflectors in the main flow direction amounts to from 5% to 50% of the channel cross-section F. Cross-flows providing very efficient transverse mixing are therefore produced in a simple manner. When dispensing tubes (20, 21) are used as mountings a very effective mixing device is provided.