Abstract: Expansion compensation structures for an antenna are disclosed. In one embodiment, the antenna comprises: an array of antenna elements; and a structure coupled to the array of antenna elements, the structure having a plurality of components comprising materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs), wherein first and second components of the plurality of components are pin bonded with one or more pins, and one or more components of the plurality of components other than the first and second components are between the first and second components and have one or more slots through which the one or more pins traverse and have CTEs different than CTEs of the first and second components.

Abstract: Expansion compensation structures for an antenna are disclosed. In one embodiment, the antenna comprises: an array of antenna elements; and a structure coupled to the array of antenna elements, the structure having a plurality of components comprising materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs), wherein first and second components of the plurality of components are pin bonded with one or more pins, and one or more components of the plurality of components other than the first and second components are between the first and second components and have one or more slots through which the one or more pins traverse and have CTEs different than CTEs of the first and second components.

Abstract: A scanning antenna includes a transmission and/or reception region including a plurality of antenna units and a non-transmission and/or reception region other than the transmission and/or reception region.

Abstract: An apparatus for exchanging liquid crystal (LC) between two areas of an antenna array and method for using the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, the antenna comprises an antenna element array having a plurality of radiating radio-frequency (RF) antenna elements formed using portions of first and second substrates with a liquid crystal (LC) therebetween, and a structure between the first and second substrates and outside the area of the RF antenna elements to collect LC from an area between the first and second substrates forming the RF antenna elements due to LC expansion.

Abstract: A scanning antenna includes a transmission and/or reception region including a plurality of antenna units and a non-transmission and/or reception region other than the transmission and/or reception region. The scanning antenna includes a TFT substrate, a slot substrate, a liquid crystal layer provided between the TFT substrate and the slot substrate, a seal portion provided in the non-transmission and/or reception region and surrounding the liquid crystal layer, and a reflective conductive plate disposed opposing a second main surface of a second dielectric substrate with a dielectric layer interposed between the reflective conductive plate and the second main surface. The slot electrode includes an opening or a recessed portion formed in the non-transmission and/or reception region and in the region surrounded by the seal portion.

Abstract: A scanning antenna includes a transmission and/or reception region including a plurality of antenna units and a non-transmission and/or reception region other than the transmission and/or reception region. The scanning antenna includes a TFT substrate, a slot substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a seal portion surrounding the liquid crystal layer, a wall structure (additional seal portion) disposed in a region surrounded by the seal portion in the non-transmission and/or reception region, a reflective conductive plate, a first spacer structure defining a first gap between a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate in the transmission and/or reception region, and a second spacer structure disposed in the wall structure and defining a second gap wider than the first gap.

Abstract: An apparatus for exchanging liquid crystal (LC) between two areas of an antenna array in an antenna and method for using the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, the antenna comprises an antenna element array formed using portions of first and second substrates with a liquid crystal (LC) therebetween, and a structure between the first and second substrates and in an area outside of, and at an outer periphery of, the antenna element array to collect LC from an area between the first and second substrates forming the RF antenna elements due to LC expansion and to provide LC to the area between the first and second substrates forming the RF antenna elements due to LC contraction, the structure having a plurality of support spacers between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: An apparatus for exchanging liquid crystal (LC) between two areas of an antenna array and method for using the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, the antenna comprises an antenna element array having a plurality of radiating radio-frequency (RF) antenna elements formed using portions of first and second substrates with a liquid crystal (LC) therebetween, and a structure between the first and second substrates and outside the area of the RF antenna elements to collect LC from an area between the first and second substrates forming the RF antenna elements due to LC expansion.

Abstract: A jewelry closure mechanism (e.g., clasp) may include a locking receptacle and a locking pin that operate together to provide a closure mechanism for a piece of jewelry. The closure mechanism may or may not include a hinge. In some implementations, a locking pin may extend from the second arm and be inserted into a locking receptacle formed in a second arm to lock the two components together. The locking receptacle may include one or more wires (e.g., spring and/or precast) that extend transversely to the direction of the locking receptacle. The closure mechanism may be used as a general jewelry closure device and/or to couple segments of jewelry together.

Abstract: A scanning antenna includes a transmission and/or reception region including a plurality of antenna units and a non-transmission and/or reception region other than the transmission and/or reception region.

Abstract: A scanning antenna includes a transmission and/or reception region including a plurality of antenna units and a non-transmission and/or reception region other than the transmission and/or reception region. The scanning antenna includes a TFT substrate, a slot substrate, a liquid crystal layer provided between the TFT substrate and the slot substrate, a seal portion provided in the non-transmission and/or reception region and surrounding the liquid crystal layer, and a reflective conductive plate disposed opposing a second main surface of a second dielectric substrate with a dielectric layer interposed between the reflective conductive plate and the second main surface. The slot electrode includes an opening or a recessed portion formed in the non-transmission and/or reception region and in the region surrounded by the seal portion.

Abstract: A scanning antenna includes a transmission and/or reception region including a plurality of antenna units and a non-transmission and/or reception region other than the transmission and/or reception region. The scanning antenna includes a TFT substrate, a slot substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a seal portion surrounding the liquid crystal layer, a wall structure (additional seal portion) disposed in a region surrounded by the seal portion in the non-transmission and/or reception region, a reflective conductive plate, a first spacer structure defining a first gap between a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate in the transmission and/or reception region, and a second spacer structure disposed in the wall structure and defining a second gap wider than the first gap.

Abstract: An apparatus for exchanging liquid crystal (LC) between two areas of an antenna array and method for using the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, the antenna comprises an antenna element array having a plurality of radiating radio-frequency (RF) antenna elements formed using portions of first and second substrates with a liquid crystal (LC) therebetween, and a structure between the first and second substrates and outside the area of the RF antenna elements to collect LC from an area between the first and second substrates forming the RF antenna elements due to LC expansion.

Abstract: Expansion compensation structures for an antenna are disclosed. In one embodiment, the antenna comprises: an array of antenna elements; and a structure coupled to the array of antenna elements, the structure having a plurality of components comprising materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs), wherein first and second components of the plurality of components are pin bonded with one or more pins, and one or more components of the plurality of components other than the first and second components are between the first and second components and have one or more slots through which the one or more pins traverse and have CTEs different than CTEs of the first and second components.

Abstract: An apparatus for exchanging liquid crystal (LC) between two areas of an antenna array in an antenna and method for using the same are disclosed.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus and method for using the same are disclosed.

Abstract: A jewelry closure mechanism (e.g., clasp) may include a locking receptacle and a locking pin that operate together to provide a closure mechanism for a piece of jewelry. The closure mechanism may or may not include a hinge. In some implementations, a locking pin may extend from the second arm and be inserted into a locking receptacle formed in a second arm to lock the two components together. The locking receptacle may include one or more wires (e.g., spring and/or precast) that extend transversely to the direction of the locking receptacle. The closure mechanism may be used as a general jewelry closure device and/or to couple segments of j ewelry together.

Abstract: An apparatus for exchanging liquid crystal (LC) between two areas of an antenna array in an antenna and method for using the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, the antenna comprises a waveguide; an antenna element array having a plurality of radiating radio-frequency (RF) antenna elements, and a structure in an RF inactive area outside of, and at an outer periphery of, the antenna element array that is without a ground plane instantiating the waveguide. The structure collects LC from an area between substrates forming the RF antenna elements due to LC expansion and provides LC to the area between the substrates forming the RF antenna elements due to LC contraction.

Abstract: A lighting device includes an LED light source and a concave reflector. The light source is arranged such that light emitted is reflected by the reflector. The shield is arranged in front of the reflector. A projection lens is arranged to project light passing the shield. In order to efficiently use light emitted from the LED light source and to enable a projected illumination beam of high luminous flux, the LED light source is arranged below an optical axis L of the projection lens.

Abstract: An antenna with a clamping mechanism and a method for using the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, an antenna comprises a radial waveguide, an aperture operable to radiate radio frequency (RF) signals in response to an RF feed wave fed by the radial waveguide, and one or more clamping devices to apply a compressive force between the waveguide and the aperture.