Abstract: A betatron magnet, the betatron magnet comprising at least one electron injector positioned approximate an inside of a radius of an betatron orbit, such that electrons are injected into the betatron orbit with the at least one electron injector positioned within an electron acceleration passageway, whereby the electron acceleration passageway is located within a vacuum chamber; and wherein the at least one electron injector is driven with an inductive means.

Abstract: A betatron magnet having at least one electron injector positioned approximate an inside of a radius of a betatron orbit, the betatron magnet further includes a first guide magnet having a first pole face and a second guide magnet having a second pole face. Both the first and the second guide magnet have a centrally disposed aperture and the first pole face is separated from the second pole face by a guide magnet gap. A core is disposed within the centrally disposed apertures in an abutting relationship with both guide magnets. The core has at least one core gap. A drive coil is wound around both guide magnet pole faces. An orbit control coil has a core portion wound around the core gap and a field portion wound around the guide magnet pole faces. The core portion and the field portion are connected but in opposite polarity.

Abstract: A betatron magnet, the betatron magnet comprising at least one electron injector positioned approximate an inside of a radius of an betatron orbit, such that electrons are injected into the betatron orbit with the at least one electron injector positioned within an electron acceleration passageway, whereby the electron acceleration passageway is located within a vacuum chamber; and wherein the at least one electron injector is driven with an inductive means.

Abstract: A betatron magnet having at least one electron injector positioned approximate an inside of a radius of a betatron orbit, the betatron magnet further includes a first guide magnet having a first pole face and a second guide magnet having a second pole face. Both the first and the second guide magnet have a centrally disposed aperture and the first pole face is separated from the second pole face by a guide magnet gap. A core is disposed within the centrally disposed apertures in an abutting relationship with both guide magnets. The core has at least one core gap. A drive coil is wound around both guide magnet pole faces. An orbit control coil has a core portion wound around the core gap and a field portion wound around the guide magnet pole faces. The core portion and the field portion are connected but in opposite polarity.

Abstract: A betatron structure having a donut-shaped vacuum chamber, wherein the vacuum chamber is made up of two or more pieces bonded together; an injector positioned within the vacuum chamber; and two or more magnets positioned to the outside of the vacuum chamber. A method of manufacturing a betatron structure, including: (a) fabricating two or more pieces; (b) positioning an injector on one of the two or more pieces; and (c) bonding the two or more pieces such that when bonded, the substrates form a hollow donut-shaped chamber.

Abstract: A betatron, adapted, e.g., for use as a high-energy electromagnetic radiation source in a borehole well logging tool, includes modulator circuitry for actively controlling the electron beam radius during acceleration and for extracting the electron beam at or near maximum magnetic field strength. Such control may be effected by suitable separate pulsing of field-coil and core-coil magnets, and results in enhanced efficiency of betatron magnet-excitation power conversion and beam end-point energy stability and intensity over a range of operating temperatures.

Abstract: A neutron generator, comprising:(i) an ion source comprising an anode and a thermionic cathode disposed in an ionizable gas environment (e.g. hydrogen isotope);(ii) means for heating the cathode so that the latter emits electrons which, when colliding with the gas atoms, generate ions;(iii) a target;(iv) an electrical gap to accelerate ions from the ion source towards the target upon impingement of the ions; and(v) control means for applying voltages to the anode, cathode and electrical gap.The cathode is of the dispenser type or volume type, and preferably comprises one block of material comprised of a substrate impregnated with an electron emitting material.

Abstract: A compact circular magnetic induction accelerator (betatron) for use as a borehole gamma ray source includes a field magnet and generally circular pole pieces composed of a class of ferrite having the general formula M.sup.2+ Fe.sub.2.sup.3+ O.sub.4, where M represents two or more divalent metal ions from the group consisting of Mn, Zn and Ni. The core magnet is in the form of two symmetrical closed loops, with one leg of each loop passing axially through the circular pole pieces. The field coil and the core coil may be arranged in series or in parallel, and switching circuits are provided for effecting electron beam capture and ejection. In an illustrative borehole application, the betatron is used as a gamma ray source in a bulk density logging tool.

Abstract: A modulator circuit for a betatron includes an independent low voltage D.C. powder supply, an intermediate low voltage capacitor connected to one side of the betatron winding, and a high voltage capacitor connected to the other side of the betatron winding. Unidirectional current devices normally permit current flow from the voltage capacitor, through the betatron winding to the high voltage capacitor. Energy is thereby transferred from the power supply and low voltage capacitor through the betatron winding to the high voltage capacitor. Switches are provided selectively to reverse the direction of current flow and thereby discharge the energy stored in both capacitors into the betatron winding to excit the betatron magentic circuit. Upon discharge of the high voltage capacitor, the unidirectional current devices once again restore normal current flow, so that the energy stored in the betatron electromagnet is returned to the high voltage capacitor.