Abstract: A transceiver for a user station of a serial bus system. The transceiver has a transmit module for sending a transmit signal onto a bus of the bus system; a receive module for receiving the signal from the bus and designed to generate a digital receive signal from the received signal; and a communication module for determining the communication standard according to which the messages are exchanged between user stations of the bus system. The communication module has a block with which the communication standard for the transmit module and the receive module is able to be changed from a first communication standard to a second communication standard, so that the transmit module and the receive module are implemented either according to a first communication standard or according to a second communication standard.

Abstract: A receive module. The receive module has a first voltage divider for adjusting a first receive threshold; a first comparator, connected to the first voltage divider, for evaluating differential signals received from a bus of the bus system using the first receive threshold; a second voltage divider for adjusting a second receive threshold or a third receive threshold; a second comparator, connected to the second voltage divider, for evaluating the differential signals using the second or third receive threshold adjusted by the second voltage divider; and a switching unit for the switchover between the second and third receive threshold as a function of an operating mode of the receive module, to which the receive module is to be switched for a first or second communications phase of a communication on the bus, the first and second voltage dividers being connected to the bus in each case.

Abstract: An emission reduction device for a CAN bus system. The device includes an evaluation block for evaluating signals that are transferred differentially on two bus lines, the evaluation block being designed to form the sum voltage of the differentially transferred signals, and a comparison block for comparing the sum voltage in such a way that the difference between the sum voltage for a dominant bus state and the sum voltage for a recessive bus state has a predetermined minimum value, the recessive bus state being overwritable by a dominant bus state. For the comparison, the comparison block is designed to modify at least one property of the transceiver device via a setting in a block of the transceiver device until the difference between the sum voltage for a dominant bus state and the sum voltage for a recessive bus state has the predetermined minimum value.

Abstract: A method for operating a transfer device for a differential bus system, including a first bus connection and a second bus connection for connecting to a transfer medium of the differential bus system. The method includes: ascertaining a first variable that characterizes a voltage associated with a first bus line of the bus system, ascertaining a second variable that characterizes a voltage associated with a second bus line of the bus system, ascertaining a third variable that characterizes a sum of the first variable and the second variable for a first bus state, ascertaining a fourth variable that characterizes a sum of the first variable and the second variable for a second bus state, the second bus state being different from the first bus state.

Abstract: A receive module. The receive module has a first voltage divider for adjusting a first receive threshold; a first comparator, connected to the first voltage divider, for evaluating differential signals received from a bus of the bus system using the first receive threshold; a second voltage divider for adjusting a second receive threshold or a third receive threshold; a second comparator, connected to the second voltage divider, for evaluating the differential signals using the second or third receive threshold adjusted by the second voltage divider; and a switching unit for the switchover between the second and third receive threshold as a function of an operating mode of the receive module, to which the receive module is to be switched for a first or second communications phase of a communication on the bus, the first and second voltage dividers being connected to the bus in each case.

Abstract: A transceiver for a user station of a serial bus system. The transceiver has a transmit module for sending a transmit signal onto a bus of the bus system; a receive module for receiving the signal from the bus and designed to generate a digital receive signal from the received signal; and a communication module for determining the communication standard according to which the messages are exchanged between user stations of the bus system. The communication module has a block with which the communication standard for the transmit module and the receive module is able to be changed from a first communication standard to a second communication standard, so that the transmit module and the receive module are implemented either according to a first communication standard or according to a second communication standard.

Abstract: A method for operating a transfer device for a differential bus system, including a first bus connection and a second bus connection for connecting to a transfer medium of the differential bus system. The method includes: ascertaining a first variable that characterizes a voltage associated with a first bus line of the bus system, ascertaining a second variable that characterizes a voltage associated with a second bus line of the bus system, ascertaining a third variable that characterizes a sum of the first variable and the second variable for a first bus state, ascertaining a fourth variable that characterizes a sum of the first variable and the second variable for a second bus state, the second bus state being different from the first bus state.

Abstract: An emission reduction device for a CAN bus system. The device includes an evaluation block for evaluating signals that are transferred differentially on two bus lines, the evaluation block being designed to form the sum voltage of the differentially transferred signals, and a comparison block for comparing the sum voltage in such a way that the difference between the sum voltage for a dominant bus state and the sum voltage for a recessive bus state has a predetermined minimum value, the recessive bus state being overwritable by a dominant bus state. For the comparison, the comparison block is designed to modify at least one property of the transceiver device via a setting in a block of the transceiver device until the difference between the sum voltage for a dominant bus state and the sum voltage for a recessive bus state has the predetermined minimum value.

Abstract: An optoelectronic sensor for recognizing objects or object properties comprises a light transmitter for transmitting transmitted light into a detection zone, a light receiver for receiving received light and an evaluation unit which is configured to detect an object located in or projecting into a detection zone and/or to determine a property of such an object with reference to the received light received by the light receiver. The light transmitter comprises a monolithic semi-conductor component having a first light emitting layer and a second light emitting layer, with the first light emitting layer being configured for emitting red light and the second light emitting layer being configured for emitting infrared light, and with the second light emitting layer defining a central light emitting surface and the first light emitting layer defining an outer light emitting surface surrounding the central light emitting surface.

Abstract: An optoelectronic sensor for recognizing objects or object properties comprises a light transmitter for transmitting transmitted light into a detection zone, a light receiver for receiving received light and an evaluation unit which is configured to detect an object located in or projecting into a detection zone and/or to determine a property of such an object with reference to the received light received by the light receiver. The light transmitter comprises a monolithic semi-conductor component having a first light emitting layer and a second light emitting layer, with the first light emitting layer being configured for emitting red light and the second light emitting layer being configured for emitting infrared light, and with the second light emitting layer defining a central light emitting surface and the first light emitting layer defining an outer light emitting surface surrounding the central light emitting surface.

Abstract: The subject matter disclosed relates to a method for the detection of objects, wherein one transmitted light bundle is transmitted into a detection region, transmitted light reflected back from an object, when present, is detected by a receiver unit having reception elements arranged in an M×N matrix, wherein M>1 and N>1, and the distance of the object is determined by triangulation from the position of the light patch produced by the reflected light at the receiver unit. In addition to the position of the reflected light, the two-dimensional energy distribution of the received light patch within the light incident on the receiver unit is evaluated to determine further information on the object in addition to the distance of the object determined by triangulation, with a light patch quality value being determined which includes information on the homogeneity of the light reflected or remitted at the object.

Abstract: A light barrier detects an object which interrupts a beam of light of the light barrier. A light transmitter transmits a light beam in the direction of a reflector and a light receiver receives a reflected portion of the light beam. The improved light barrier has a reflector which is made as a cylindrical reflector column having a plurality of retroreflecting elements aligned toward the outer surface. The diameter of the reflector column is considerably smaller than the extent of the light beam perpendicular to the cylinder axis so that an optically effective detection beam of light is formed between the sensor and the reflector column whose cross-section at the sensor is determined by the light transmitter and, in direct proximity to the reflector column. The cross-section is determined by the areal overlap of the light beam with the reflector column.

Abstract: The invention relates to an opto-electronic sensor arrangement (10) with an optical transmitter (20) and an optical receiver (30), such that the optical transmitter (20) and the optical receiver (30) are so positioned that they either form an optical scanner designed as an optical scanner with background gating or form a reflecting light barrier in conjunction with a reflector (60), and such that the optical receiver (30) has a detector (32) in which successive images of the light beam (30a) reflected from the object (50) are detected and are compared in an evaluating unit (36), and the outcome of the comparison provides information on the movement of the object (50) relative to the optical receiver (30), so that the detector exercises a movement function.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the detection of objects in a detection region, wherein at least one transmitted light bundle is transmitted into the detection region, transmitted light reflected back or remitted back from an object, when present, is detected by a receiver unit having reception elements arranged in the form of an M×N matrix, wherein M>1 and N>1, and the distance of the object is determined by triangulation from the position of the at least one light patch produced by the reflected or remitted light at the receiver unit. In addition to the position of the reflected or remitted light, the two-dimensional energy distribution of the at least one received light patch within the light incident on the receiver unit is evaluated to determine further information on the object in addition to the distance of the object determined by triangulation, with a light patch quality value being determined which includes information on the homogeneity of the light reflected or remitted at the object.

Abstract: The invention relates to a light barrier for the detection of an object (2) which interrupts a beam of light (5) of the light barrier, having a sensor (4) with at least one light transmitter (4-1) for the transmission of a light beam (5) in the direction of a reflector (10); at least one light receiver (4-2) for the reception of a reflected portion of the light beam; and an evaluation unit (4-3) for the evaluation of the reflected light beam detected by the light receiver (4-2), To provide an improved light barrier which delivers an exact position determination of the object in the conveying device with a small installation and adjustment effort, it is proposed that the reflector (10) is made as a cylindrical reflector column (10) which has a plurality of retroreflecting elements (17) aligned toward the outer surface, with the diameter of the reflector column (10) being considerably smaller than the extent of the light beam (5) perpendicular to the cylinder axis so that an optically effective detection beam o

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for electrically contacting, particularly for contacting circuit boards that are positioned in basically perpendicular fashion relative to each other, with an insulating housing (10) in the form of a tube in whose wall (11) is positioned at least one electrically conductive element (20, 30, 40, 50) exhibiting at least two connector elements (21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, 52, 53), such that the connector elements (21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, 52, 53) project from the wall (11) of the housing (10).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting objects has a sensor with a light source, a light receiver, and a light retroreflector between them. Light from the source is transmitted to the detector along a light transmission path from the source to the retroreflector and is reflected back to the detector along a light reflection path that substantially corresponds to the transmission path. A single lens or a pair of adjacent lenses shapes the respective light beams from both light emitted by the source and light reflected by the retroreflector in accordance with either the auto collimation principle or the double-eye principle, respectively. A polarizer and a beam splitter are arranged in the light transmission path for light from the source, and a polarization filter is arranged in the light reflection path so that light reflected by the retroreflector passes through the beam splitter and the polarization filter before it reaches the light receiver.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting objects has a sensor with a light source, a light receiver, and a light retroreflector between them. Light from the source is transmitted to the detector along a light transmission path from the source to the retroreflector and is reflected back to the detector along a light reflection path that substantially corresponds to the transmission path. A single lens or a pair of adjacent lenses shapes the respective light beams from both light emitted by the source and light reflected by the retroreflector in accordance with either the auto collimation principle or the double-eye principle, respectively. A polarizer and a beam splitter are arranged in the light transmission path for light from the source, and a polarization filter is arranged in the light reflection path so that light reflected by the retroreflector passes through the beam splitter and the polarization filter before it reaches the light receiver.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for electrically contacting, particularly for contacting circuit boards that are positioned in basically perpendicular fashion relative to each other, with an insulating housing (10) in the form of a tube in whose wall (11) is positioned at least one electrically conductive element (20, 30, 40, 50) exhibiting at least two connector elements (21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, 52, 53), such that the connector elements (21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, 52, 53) project from the wall (11) of the housing (10).

Abstract: The invention relates to an opto-electronic sensor arrangement (10) with an optical transmitter (20) and an optical receiver (30), such that the optical transmitter (20) and the optical receiver (30) are so positioned that they either form an optical scanner designed as an optical scanner with background gating or form a reflecting light barrier in conjunction with a reflector (60), and such that the optical receiver (30) has a detector (32) in which successive images of the light beam (30a) reflected from the object (50) are detected and are compared in an evaluating unit (36), and the outcome of the comparison provides information on the movement of the object (50) relative to the optical receiver (30), so that the detector exercises a movement function.