Abstract: A method of measuring torque is provided in a six phase electrical motor which includes a motor-stator including two electrically independent stator winding arrangements which each have three combined windings such that the winding arrangements are symmetrical and offset by an angle to each other and such that each combined winding of the second stator arrangement has a corresponding combined winding in the first stator arrangement and offset thereto by an angle. The method includes a) determining the current in the three combined windings of the first stator arrangement and/or the current in the three combined windings of the second stator arrangement and b) determining the torque from the currents.

Abstract: A system for controlling the operation of one or more fuel injectors includes a microcontroller, a pre-driver unit, and a power unit. The system is connectable to an electrically actuated fuel injector via at least two wires from the power unit, wherein the pre-driver unit is located between the microcontroller and the power stage, and wherein the microcontroller unit is adapted to send data to the pre-driver unit. The pre-driver unit is adapted to receive the data and control the power stage dependent on the data such that the power stage is adapted to output a corresponding signal along the wires to the fuel injector. The data includes both injector activation pulse data and other auxiliary data for the injectors.

Abstract: A method of measuring torque is provided in a six phase electrical motor which includes a motor-stator including two electrically independent stator winding arrangements which each have three combined windings such that the winding arrangements are symmetrical and offset by an angle to each other and such that each combined winding of the second stator arrangement has a corresponding combined winding in the first stator arrangement and offset thereto by an angle. The method includes a) determining the current in the three combined windings of the first stator arrangement and/or the current in the three combined windings of the second stator arrangement and b) determining the torque from the currents.

Abstract: A method of controlling the commutation of a brushless direct current motor includes providing sensors which provide a variable output dependent on rotational angle or the relative position of the stator and rotor of the motor. Output from the sensors is sampled at a time between a past commutation event and the next commutation event to be implemented. An angular position between the rotor and stator is determined at the time. The time of the next commutation event is determined based on the next commutation angle, motor speed, and the determined angular position.

Abstract: A system for controlling the operation of one or more fuel injectors includes a microcontroller, a pre-driver unit, and a power unit. The system is connectable to an electrically actuated fuel injector via at least two wires from the power unit, wherein the pre-driver unit is located between the microcontroller and the power stage, and wherein the microcontroller unit is adapted to send data to the pre-driver unit. The pre-driver unit is adapted to receive the data and control the power stage dependent on the data such that the power stage is adapted to output a corresponding signal along the wires to the fuel injector. The data includes both injector activation pulse data and other auxiliary data for the injectors.

Abstract: A method of controlling the commutation of a brushless direct current motor includes providing sensors which provide a variable output dependent on rotational angle or the relative position of the stator and rotor of the motor. Output from the sensors is sampled at a time between a past commutation event and the next commutation event to be implemented. An angular position between the rotor and stator is determined at the time. The time of the next commutation event is determined based on the next commutation angle, motor speed, and the determined angular position.