Abstract: Compounds of formula (I), wherein R1 and R2 are, independently of one another, H, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6halogenalkyl, C1-C6alkoxy, C1-C6alkoxy-C1-C6alkyl, or C1-C6alkoxy-C1l-C6alkyloxy, and R3 is C1-C6alkyl, are obtainable in high yields by stereoselective addition of R3-substituted propionic acid esters to R1- and R2-substituted benzaldehydes of formula R—CHO to form corresponding 3-R-3-hydroxy-2-R3-propionic acid esters, conversion of the OH group to a leavaing group, subsequent regioselective elimination to form 3-R-2-R3-propenic acid esters, and their hydrolysis to form corresponding propenic carboxylic acids and their enantioselective hydrogenation, wherein R is (a).

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) and (Ia) in the form of racemates, mixtures of diastereomers or in essentially enantiomerically pure form, (I), (Ia), where R is hydrogen, C1-C8alkyl, C5-C12cycloakyl, phenyl or phenyl substituted by from 1 to 3 C1-C4alky or C1-C4alkoxy groups; n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 4 and R1 are identical or different subtitutuents selected from the group consisting of C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4fluoroalkyl and C1-C4alkoxy; X1 and X2 are each, indenpendently of one another, secondary phosphino; T is C6-C20arylene or C3-C16heteroarylene; and X2 is bound in the ortho position relative to the T-cyclopenitadienyl bond.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (II) are simultaneously halogenated in the 5 position and hydroxylated in the 4 position under lactonization, the halolactone is converted into a hydroxylactone and then the hydroxy group into a leaving group, the leaving group is replaced with azide, the lactone amidated and then the azide converted to the amine group, in order to obtain compounds of formula (I).

Abstract: 1 Compounds of formula (I), wherein R1 and R2 are, independently of one another, H, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6halogenalkyl, C1-C6alkoxy, C1-C6alkoxy-C1-C6alkyl, or C1-C6alkoxy-C1l-C6alkyloxy, and R3 is C1-C6alkyl, are obtainable in high yields by stereoselective addition of R3-substituted propionic acid esters to R1- and R2-substituted benzaldehydes of formula R—CHO to form corresponding 3-R-3-hydroxy-2-R3-propionic acid esters, conversion of the OH group to a leavaing group, subsequent regioselective elimination to form 3-R-2-R3-propenic acid esters, and their hydrolysis to form corresponding propenic carboxylic acids and their enantioselective hydrogenation, wherein R is (a).

Abstract: Reaction products of an iridium(III) salt or a hydrate thereof, a diphosphine having secondary phosphine groups and a metal or ammonium chloride, bromide or iodide are excellent hydrogenation catalysts for ketimine. Using chiral diphosphines and prochiral ketimines, diastereoisomeric secondary amines are obtained in high optical yields.

Abstract: Compounds of formulae I: (DIP)IrX.sub.q Y.sub.r (Z), Ia: (DIP)IrX.sub.s Y.sub.t (Z).sub.2 and Ib: (DIP)Ir(Z).sub.3 or mixtures of at least two of those compounds, wherein DIP is a ditertiary diphosphine, the two phosphine groups of which are bonded to a C.sub.2 -, C.sub.3 - or C.sub.4 -carbon chain, with the result that the diphosphine forms a 5- to 7-membered ring together with the Ir atom, X is Cl, Br or I, Y is a hydrogen atom, q and r are 0, 1 or 2 and the sum of q+r is 2, s and t are 0 or 1 and the sum of s+t is 1, and Z is the anion of an organic oxy acid that contains a group C(.dbd.O), S(.dbd.O)O or P(.dbd.O)O in the anion. The compounds are excellent catalysts for the hydrogenation of imines, especially for the enantioselective hydrogenation of prochiral imines.

Abstract: Substituted N-phenyl- and N-heteroarylalkylcarbamates of the formula I ##STR1## in which Q is a group ##STR2## R is halogen, trifluoromethyl, cyano, nitro or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 haloalkoxy;Z is hydrogen or halogen; orZ and R together in the 2- and 3-position of the phenyl ring form a group --OCF.sub.2 O--;R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl;R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5, independently of one another, are hydrogen, methyl or ethyl;X is oxygen, sulfur, --SO-- or --SO.sub.2 --;Y is hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkoxy or cyano;n is 0, 1 or 2;n.sub.1 is 0 or 1; andm is 0 or 1,with the proviso that m is 1 if Q is group (1) or (2);and the diastereomers and enantiomers thereof,exhibit pre- and post-emergence herbicidal properties. The preparation of these compounds and their use as herbicidally active ingredients are described.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of primary or secondary amines by hydrogenation of imines with hydrogen at elevated pressure and in the presence of a dinuclear Ir(III) complex having ditertiary diphosphine ligands, halide bridges, halide and hydride ligands, or an Ir(III) halide complex salt containing ditertiary diphosphine ligands, as catalyst, wherein the catalyst corresponds to formula I or Ia or to mixtures of at least two compounds of formula I, at least two compounds of formulae I and Ia, or at least two compounds of formula Ia[(DIP)IrX.sub.q Y.sub.r ].sub.2 (I),[(DIP)X.sub.4 ].sup..crclbar. Me.sup..sym. (Ia),whereinDIP is the ditertiary diphosphine ligand of a ferrocenyldiphosphine the phosphine groups of which are either bonded directly or via a bridge group --CR.sub.v R.sub.w -- to the ortho positions of a cyclopentadienyl ring or are each bonded to a cyclopentadienyl ring of a ferrocenyl, so that a 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring is formed together with the Ir atom;R.sub.v and R.sub.

Abstract: Reaction products of an iridium (III) salt or a hydrate thereof, a diphosphine having secondary phosphine groups and a metal or ammonium chloride, bromide or iodide are excellent hydrogenation catalysts for ketimine. Using chiral diphosphines and prochiral ketimines, diastereoisomeric secondary amines are obtained in high optical yields.

Abstract: A process for the hydrogenation of imines with hydrogen under elevated pressure in the presence of iridium catalysts and with or without an inert solvent, wherein the reaction mixture contains hydrogen iodide.

Abstract: Substituted N-phenyl- and N-heteroarylalkylcarbamates of formula (I), in which Q is a group (1), (2) or (3); R is halogen, trifluoromethyl, cyano, nitro or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 haloalkoxy; Z is hydrogen or halogen; or Z and R together in the 2- and 3-position of the phenyl ring form a group --OCF.sub.2 O--; R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl; R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5, independently of one another, are hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; X is oxygen, sulfur, --SO-- or --SO.sub.2 --, Y is hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkoxy or cyano; n is 0, 1 or 2; n.sub.1 is 0 or 1; and m is 0 or 1, with the proviso that m is 1 if Q is group (1) or (2); and the diastereomers and enantiomers thereof, exhibit pre- and post-emergence herbicidal properties. The preparation of these compounds and their use as herbicidally active ingredients are described.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl which is substituted by 1 to 3 C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy groups; R.sub.2 is a radical of formula II ##STR2## wherein R.sub.12 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl which is partially or completely fluorinated;R.sub.13 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, --SiR.sub.4 R.sub.5 R.sub.6, halogen, --SO.sub.3 M, CO.sub.2 M, --PO.sub.3 M, --NR.sub.7 R.sub.8 or --[.sup..sym. NR.sub.7 R.sub.8 R.sub.9 ]X.sup..crclbar. ;m is an integer from 1 to 3, n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 4, and the sum of m+n is 1 to 5;R.sub.3, R.sub.10, R.sub.11 have each independently of one another the same meaning as R.sub.2 or are each independently of one another C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, phenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl- or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy-substituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl which is substituted by 1 to 3 C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy groups; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently of the other typically C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, phenyl, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl- or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy-substituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, or phenyl which is substituted by one to three identical or different members selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or halogen; R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 are identical and are typically C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl- or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy-substituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl or phenyl which is substituted by 1 to 3 identical or different members selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or halogen; or R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 are different and are C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl which is substituted by 1 to 3 C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy groups; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are identical and are C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl- or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy-substituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, or phenyl which is substituted by one to three identical or different members selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy,--SiR.sub.4 R.sub.5 R.sub.6, halogen, --SO.sub.3 M,--CO.sub.2 M,--PO.sub.3 M,--NR.sub.7 R.sub.8 and --[.sup..sym. NR.sub.7 R.sub.8 R.sub.9 ]X.sup..crclbar. ; or R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 are different and are C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl- or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy-substituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, phenyl or phenyl which is substituted by one to three identical or different members selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl which is substituted by 1 to 3 C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy groups; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently of the other typically C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, phenyl, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl- or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy-substituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, or phenyl which is substituted by one to three identical or different members selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or halogen;R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 are identical and are typically C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl- or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy-substituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl or phenyl which is substituted by 1 to 3 identical or different members selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or halogen; or R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 are different and are C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl which is substituted by 1 to 3 C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy groups; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently of the other typically C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, phenyl, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl- or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy-substituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, or phenyl which is substituted by one to three identical or different members selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or halogen; R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 are identical and are typically C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl- or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy-substituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl or phenyl which is substituted by 1 to 3 identical or different members selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or halogen; or R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 are different and are C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A complex of the formula V or VI,[X.sub.1 M.sub.1 YZ]X.sub.1 M.sub.1 Y].sup..sym. A.sub.1.sup..crclbar.wherein X.sub.1 is two C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 olefins or one C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 diene, Z is Cl, Br or I, A.sub.1.sup..crclbar. is the anion of an oxyacid or complex acid, M.sub.1 is Rh or Ir, and Y is a compound of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl which is substituted by 1 to 3 C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy groups; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are identical and are C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl- or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy-substituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, or phenyl which is substituted by one to three identical or different members selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, --SiR.sub.4 R.sub.5 R.sub.6, halogen, --SO.sub.3 M, --CO.sub.2 M, --PO.sub.3 M, --NR.sub.7 R.sub.8 and --[.sup..sym. NR.sub.7 R.sub.8 R.sub.9 ]X.sup..crclbar. ; or R.sub.2 and R.sub.

Abstract: A process for the asymmetric hydrogenation of furoimidazole derivatives of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a protective group and R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a protective group, with hydrogen in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst to give the corresponding diastereomeric dihydrofuroimidazole derivatives of the general formula: ##STR2## The dihydrofuroimidazole derivatives of the general formula II are intermediates for the preparation of the vitamin (+)-biotin.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes identical or different radicals and is linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, unsubstituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl which is substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, or is phenyl or benzyl, or both substituents R.sub.1 of a group (R.sub.1).sub.2 P are o,o'-diphenylene, R.sub.2 is hydrogen, linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, phenyl or benzyl, R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkylene, R.sub.4 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.18 alkylene, phenylene or benzylene, and R.sub.5 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or phenyl, can be applied to solid carriers, such as silica gel or aerosils, and complexed with rhodium or iridium compounds. These materials are heterogeneous and separable catalysts for the asymmetrical hydrogenation of prochiral compounds containing carbon double bonds or carbon/hetero atom double bonds, for example ketones and imines.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I wherein R1 is C1-C8alkyl, phenyl or phenyl which is substituted by 1 to 3 C1-C4alkyl or C1-C4alkoxy groups; R2 and R3 are identical and are C1-C12alkyl, C5-C12cycloalkyl or C1-C4alkyl- or C1-C4alkoxy-substituted C5-C12cycloalkyl, or phenyl which is substituted by one to three identical or different members selected from the group consisting of C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, —SiR4R5R6, halogen, —SO3M, —CO2M, —PO3M, —NR7R8 and —[⊕NR7R8R9]X⊖; or R2 and R3 are different and are C1-C12alkyl, C5-C12cycloalkyl, C1-C4alkyl- or C1-C4-alkoxy-substituted C5-C12cycloalkyl, phenyl or phenyl which is substituted by one to three identical or different members selected from the group consisting of C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, —SiR4R5R6, halogen, —SO3M, —CO2M, —PO3M2, —NR7R8 and —[⊕NR7R8R9]X⊖; or the group —PR2R3 is a radical of formula II and R4, R5 and R