Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a CMOS image sensor having a multiple deep trench isolation (MDTI) structure, and an associated method of formation. In some embodiments, the image sensor comprises a boundary deep trench isolation (BDTI) structure disposed at boundary regions of a pixel region surrounding a photodiode. The BDTI structure has a ring shape from a top view and two columns surrounding the photodiode with the first depth from a cross-sectional view. A multiple deep trench isolation (MDTI) structure is disposed at inner regions of the pixel region overlying the photodiode, the MDTI structure extending from the back-side of the substrate to a second depth within the substrate smaller than the first depth. The MDTI structure has three columns with the second depth between the two columns of the BDTI structure from the cross-sectional view. The MDTI structure is a continuous integral unit having a ring shape.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel and a backlight module. The display panel is bent in a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The backlight module is disposed on one side of the display panel.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel and a backlight module. The display panel is bent in a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The backlight module is disposed on one side of the display panel.

Abstract: A packet processing system for a network packet delivery device and a method thereof are provided. The packet processing system includes a packet receiving module for receiving packets transmitted from an external device; a packet replication module for replicating the packets received by the packet receiving module, wherein the number of packet replications is determined based on the number of members in the multicast group; a packet modification module for replacing each of destination addresses in frame headers of a media access control of each of the packets replicated by the packet replication module with an address information of each of the members in the multicast group; and a packet transmission module for transmitting the packets, according to the destination addresses, to a packet receiving terminal having an address corresponding to the destination addresses.

Abstract: In a mesh network, when a wireless mesh link exists between a first mesh access point and a second mesh access point, the first mesh access point can deliver a multicast packet to the second mesh access point through the wireless mesh link. When the second mesh access point determines that the multicast packet from the first mesh access point is a redundant packet, the second mesh access point will send a multi-path notice to the first mesh access point. After receiving the multi-path notice, the first mesh access point stops delivering the multicast packet through the path.

Abstract: A base station selection method is disclosed. The wireless communication system includes a plurality of base stations with overlapped radio ranges and a plurality of wireless devices. The method includes steps of modeling the plurality of base stations as a plurality of variable nodes in a factor graph, modeling the plurality of wireless devices as a plurality of constraint nodes in the factor graph, and selecting a base station for transmission from the plurality of base stations based on the factor graph. Each variable node is defined as a frequency band state of a corresponding base station. Each constraint node is linked to the variable nodes corresponding to the base stations that include the corresponding wireless device in their radio ranges, and is defined as that the frequency band states of the base stations including the corresponding wireless device in their radio ranges can not be all turned off.

Abstract: A frequency band assignment method for a wireless communication system is disclosed. The wireless communication system includes a plurality of base stations. The plurality of base stations has overlapped radio ranges and forms a plurality of independent overlapping areas. The method includes steps of modeling the plurality of base stations as a plurality of variable nodes in a factor graph, modeling the plurality of independent overlapping areas as a plurality of constraint nodes in the factor graph, and using the factor graph to perform frequency assignment for the plurality of base stations. Each variable node is defined as a frequency band to be assigned to the modeled base station. Each constraint node is defined as that the frequency bands assigned to the base stations forming the modeled overlapping area cannot be equivalent.

Abstract: The method and apparatus for distributing keys according to the IEEE 802.11r standard broadcast at least one notify packet from a first access point to other access points within an extended service set when a station has connected to the first access point. If the R0 key holder identifier in a key request packet coming from a second access point matches the R0 key holder identifier held by the first access point, a key response packet is forwarded to the second access point to speed up the handoff procedure between the station and the second access point.

Abstract: In a mesh network, when a wireless mesh link exists between a first mesh access point and a second mesh access point, the first mesh access point can deliver a multicast packet to the second mesh access point through the wireless mesh link. When the second mesh access point determines that the multicast packet from the first mesh access point is a redundant packet, the second mesh access point will send a multi-path notice to the first mesh access point. After receiving the multi-path notice, the first mesh access point stops delivering the multicast packet through the path.

Abstract: A packet processing system for a network packet delivery device and a method thereof are provided. The packet processing system includes a packet receiving module for receiving packets transmitted from an external device; a packet replication module for replicating the packets received by the packet receiving module, wherein the number of packet replications is determined based on the number of members in the multicast group; a packet modification module for replacing each of destination addresses in frame headers of a media access control of each of the packets replicated by the packet replication module with an address information of each of the members in the multicast group; and a packet transmission module for transmitting the packets, according to the destination addresses, to a packet receiving terminal having an address corresponding to the destination addresses.