Abstract: An optical coupler is provided. The optical coupler includes: a first optical structure, and a second optical structure disposed over the first optical structure. The first optical structure includes: a first substrate, a first cladding layer disposed on the first substrate, and a first waveguide disposed on the first cladding layer. The first waveguide includes a first coupling portion, and the first coupling portion including a first taper part. The second optical structure includes: a second substrate, a dielectric layer disposed on the second substrate; and a second waveguide disposed on the dielectric layer. The second waveguide includes a second coupling portion, and the second coupling portion including a second taper part. The second taper part is disposed on and optically coupled with the first taper part, and a taper direction of the first taper part is the same as a taper direction of the second taper part.

Abstract: The invention provides an adaptive session compression management method and a compression manager in an application server, the compression management method comprising: acquiring the session state information indicated as needing to be saved from the session manager in the application server; determining whether to compress the session state information according the session state information itself and the configuration information related to the conditions of system resources; in case that the session state information needs to be compressed, determining the optimal compressor and the optimal compression method according to the conditions of the system resources in the application server, to compress the session state information; and storing the session state information at a specified location in the session manager, and in case that the session state information is compressed, storing the type information of a corresponding compressor together with the session state information.

Abstract: The invention provides an adaptive session compression management method and a compression manager in an application server, the compression management method comprising: acquiring the session state information indicated as needing to be saved from the session manager in the application server; determining whether to compress the session state information according the session state information itself and the configuration information related to the conditions of system resources; in case that the session state information needs to be compressed, determining the optimal compressor and the optimal compression method according to the conditions of the system resources in the application server, to compress the session state information; and storing the session state information at a specified location in the session manager, and in case that the session state information is compressed, storing the type information of a corresponding compressor together with the session state information.