Abstract: An electro-mechanical drive train for a hybrid electric vehicle. The electro-mechanical drive train includes a housing and a pinion shaft having a first end disposed within the housing and a second end in communication with a combustion engine. A differential is disposed within the housing and in combination with the end of the pinion shaft. An electric motor is also disposed within the housing and in actuating combination with the pinion shaft.

Abstract: A solution composition that permits the use of thiourea is provided. The process is to form a solution that improves, on one hand, the velocity of gold and silver extraction, from minerals and other materials that contain them, improving the stability of the thiourea in the leaching solution and, on the other, the direct electrorecovery of the metals from the solution. The leaching solution, beforehand or simultaneously, has been subjected to a controlled electro-oxidation to produce formamidine disulfide (FADS) which acts as an oxidizing agent for the mineral phases that contain the gold and silver. In a preferred mode, the FADS is present as 10 to 30% of the total thiourea contained in the solution and the electrodeposition of the metals is performed in the same cell (cathodic compartment) in which the FADS is formed (anodic compartment).

Abstract: This invention relates to a parallel hybrid electric conversion kit for a vehicle with an internal combustion engine, a driveshaft and a transmission, such as, rear wheel drive vehicles, four-wheel drive vehicles, heavy duty multiple-driven-axle vehicles and/or all-wheel drive vehicles. The conversion kit includes a motor-generator, a torque coupler, a battery, a power electronics module and a controller. Suitable torque couplers include transfer cases and/or rear-through differentials. The conversion kit provides an aftermarket solution to increased performance, fuel economy and/or reduced emissions by modifying the drivetrain after the transmission. According to one embodiment of this invention, the control scheme of the installed conversion kit receives input signals from the engine and the motor-generator, but only sends control signals to the motor-generator, facilitating installation of the conversion kit.

Abstract: A digital controller for controlling variable speed and dynamic torque applications of an electric motor. The controller includes a state observer monitoring a torque load requirement and sending a signal based on the torque load requirement, and a digital control unit for receiving the signal from the state observer and sending an output to the electric motor. The output is a value that corresponds to a first motor operating state or a second motor operating state.

Abstract: This invention relates a control strategy for a hybrid electric vehicle having an electric motor, a battery and an internal combustion engine. The control strategy improves fuel economy and reduces emissions while providing sufficient acceleration over a varying set of driving conditions through an adaptive control unit with an artificial neural network. The artificial neural network is trained on a pre-processed training set based on the highest fuel economies of multiple control strategies and multiple driving profiles. Training the artificial neural network includes a training algorithm and a learning algorithm. The invention also includes a method of operating a hybrid electric vehicle with an adaptive control strategy using an artificial neural network.

Abstract: The adrenergic receptors or adrenoceptors are a family of G-protein coupled receptors split into ? and ? subclasses. The adrenoceptors have important roles in regulating a myriad of physiological conditions and their malfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of a number of diseases. Disclosed herein are a series of novel guanidine and 2-aminoimidazoline compounds which are ligands of the alpha2-adrenoceptor (?2-ARs) subclass of adrenergic receptors. The invention also provides for pharmaceutical compositions comprising the novel compounds. The compounds are suitable for use in the manufacture of medicaments for the treatment of ?2-ARs associated disorders, such as depression, schizophrenia, glaucoma and analgesia.

Abstract: An aluminum-silicon alloy composition is disclosed which meets the manufacturing and performance conditions for linerless cylinder engine block casting using low-cost casting processes such as silica-sand molds. The alloy of the invention comprises in weight percent: 13%-14% Si; 2.3%-2.7% Cu; 0.1%-0.4% Fe; 0.1%-0.45% Mn; 0.1%-0.30% Mg; 0.1%-0.6% Zn; 0.05%-0.11% Ti; 0.4%-0.8% Ni; 0.01%-0.09% Sr; and and the rest being aluminum plus any remainders. This alloy has very good machining characteristics, giving a significantly improved surface finish in the cylinder bores. The manufacturing cost of engine blocks is reduced in about 40% as compared with using current commercial alloys of the prior art requiring iron liners. Any primary Si present is substantially uniformly dispersed, and copper does not segregate during solidification and cooling.

Abstract: The adrenergic receptors or adrenoceptors are a family of G-protein coupled receptors split into ? and ? subclasses. The adrenoceptors have important roles in regulating a myriad of physiological conditions and their malfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of a number of diseases. Disclosed herein are a series of novel compounds which are ligands of the alpha2-adrenoceptor (?2-ARs) subclass of adrenergic receptors. The invention also provides for pharmaceutical compositions comprising the novel compounds. The compounds are suitable for use in the manufacture of medicaments for the treatment of ?2-ARs associated disorders, such as depression and schizophrenia.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to the use of the hemagglutinin (HA) of African swine fever virus (ASFV) as an adjuvant to enhance the immune response against an antigen in a subject. The invention provides a gene construct comprising all or part of the encoding sequence of said HA fused to the encoding sequence of an antigen. The invention is applicable in human and animal health.

Abstract: An electro-mechanical drive train for a hybrid electric vehicle. The electro-mechanical drive train includes a housing and a pinion shaft having a first end disposed within the housing and a second end in communication with a combustion engine. A differential is disposed within the housing and in combination with the end of the pinion shaft. An electric motor is also disposed within the housing and in actuating combination with the pinion shaft.

Abstract: An endoscopic tissue anchor deployment device includes a handle, an elongated shaft defining an internal lumen, and an end effector attached to the distal end of the elongated shaft. A tissue anchor catheter is removably inserted through the lumen of the elongated shaft, the catheter having a tissue anchor assembly that is deployable from its distal end. In some embodiments, the handle includes a pin and track assembly that define a series of handle actuation steps corresponding to deployment steps for the deployment device end effector and the tissue anchor catheter. In some embodiments, the handle includes a catheter stop member that prevents movement of the tissue anchor catheter under certain circumstances, and a handle stop member that prevents actuation of the handle under certain circumstances.

Abstract: This invention relates to a parallel hybrid electric conversion kit for a vehicle with an internal combustion engine, a driveshaft and a transmission, such as, rear wheel drive vehicles, four-wheel drive vehicles, heavy duty multiple-driven-axle vehicles and/or all-wheel drive vehicles. The conversion kit includes a motor-generator, a torque coupler, a battery, a power electronics module and a controller. Suitable torque couplers include transfer cases and/or rear-through differentials. The conversion kit provides an aftermarket solution to increased performance, fuel economy and/or reduced emissions by modifying the drivetrain after the transmission. According to one embodiment of this invention, the control scheme of the installed conversion kit receives input signals from the engine and the motor-generator, but only sends control signals to the motor-generator, facilitating installation of the conversion kit.

Abstract: This invention relates a control strategy for a hybrid electric vehicle having an electric motor, a battery and an internal combustion engine. The control strategy improves fuel economy and reduces emissions while providing sufficient acceleration over a varying set of driving conditions through an adaptive control unit with an artificial neural network. The artificial neural network is trained on a pre-processed training set based on the highest fuel economies of multiple control strategies and multiple driving profiles. Training the artificial neural network includes a training algorithm and a learning algorithm. The invention also includes a method of operating a hybrid electric vehicle with an adaptive control strategy using an artificial neural network.

Abstract: A digital controller for controlling variable speed and dynamic torque applications of an electric motor. The controller includes a state observer monitoring a torque load requirement and sending a signal based on the torque load requirement, and a digital control unit for receiving the signal from the state observer and sending an output to the electric motor. The output is a value that corresponds to a first motor operating state or a second motor operating state.

Abstract: Methods, pharmaceutical compositions, and compounds for reducing body weight, modulating body lipid metabolism, and reducing food intake in mammals are provided. The compounds of the invention include fatty acid ethanolamide compounds, homologues and analogs of which the prototype is the endogenous fatty acid ethanolamide, oleoylethanolamide.

Abstract: Methods, pharmaceutical compositions, and compounds for reducing body weight, modulating body lipid metabolism, and reducing food intake in mammals are provided. The compounds of the invention include fatty acid ethanolamide compounds, homologues and analogs of which the prototype is the endogenous fatty acid ethanolamide, oleoylethanolamide.

Abstract: An aluminum-silicon alloy composition is disclosed which meets the manufacturing and performance conditions for linerless cylinder engine block casting using low-cost casting processes such as silica-sand molds. The alloy of the invention comprises in weight percent: 13%-14% Si; 2.3%-2.7% Cu; 0.1%-0.4% Fe; 0.1%-0.45% Mn; 0.1%-0.30% Mg; 0.1%-0.6% Zn; 0.05%-0.11 % Ti; 0.4%-0.8% Ni; 0.01%-0.09% Sr; and and the rest being aluminum plus any remainders. This alloy has very good machining characteristics, giving a significantly improved surface finish in the cylinder bores. The manufacturing cost of engine blocks is reduced in about 40% as compared with using current commercial alloys of the prior art requiring iron liners. Any primary Si present is substantially uniformly dispersed, and copper does not segregate during solidification and cooling.

Abstract: A digital controller is easily implemented for variable speed or torque control of an electric motor or generator by using a comparator to determine a choice of control state outputs.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wide bandwidth, gain flattened Raman amplifier including a laser source of pump radiation, and means for producing from the pump source a plurality of wavelengths of pump radiation including means for providing adjustable optical feedback to the pump source at a plurality of radiation wavelengths. Alternatively, instead of or in addition to the means for providing adjustable optical feedback, the invention may include means for independent power control of each wavelength. The amplifier may include a coupler for coupling the pump radiation into the signal fiber and may include the fiber (which can be the transmission fiber) where the amplification takes place.

Abstract: A digital controller is easily implemented for variable speed or torque control of an electric motor or generator by using a comparator to determine a choice of control state outputs.