Abstract: Pacemaker for the stimulation of the human heart having three electrodes or two electrodes, with the first electrode connected to the right atrium, the second electrode connected to the right ventricle and the third electrode connected to the said right ventricle. The pacemaker is programmed so that there is first stimulation of the right atrium by means of the first electrode, then there is second stimulation of the right ventricle by means of the second electrode with an interval function of the programmed AV delay (50-400 msec) and with a voltage not exceeding 80-90% of the threshold potential, and finally there is third stimulation, again of the right ventricle by means of the third electrode with a voltage that conforms with Safety Margin rules and at a second stimulation time interval comprised between 50 msec and 300 msec.

Abstract: Pacemaker for the stimulation of the human heart having three electrodes or two electrodes, with the first electrode connected to the right atrium, the second electrode connected to the right ventricle and the third electrode connected to the said right ventricle. The pacemaker is programmed so that there is first stimulation of the right atrium by means of the first electrode, then there is second stimulation of the right ventricle by means of the second electrode with an interval function of the programmed AV delay (50-400 msec) and with a voltage not exceeding 80-90% of the threshold potential, and finally there is third stimulation, again of the right ventricle by means of the third electrode with a voltage that conforms with Safety Margin rules and at a second stimulation time interval comprised between 50 msec and 300 msec.

Abstract: A single pacemaker catheter electrode for the biventricular cardiac electrostimulation by an assisted cardiac stimulation device by the insertion of its stimulation tip into the right ventricle of the heart without the need of using a second catheter electrode directed to stimulate the left ventricle, including a stimulation screw having a penetration tip brought to the distal end of the catheter electrode which is such as to allow the electrostimuiation screw to be driven from the outside in order to deeply penetrate into the ventricular septum separating the two ventricles.

Abstract: Safety element intended to assure in time the electric reliability of pulse transmitting leads, comprised in apparatus for the electric stimulation of the heart (pacemaker) and consisting of a main metallic coil of tubular structure delimiting an inner bore, covered by an insulating sheath, which safety element comprises a flexible lead formed by one or more wires coiled in tight turns or intertwined and provided with a rounded head for making it easier the introduction of the safety element in the bore of the main metal coil of the pulse transmitting lead.

Abstract: Implantation for cardiac stimulation by pacemaker including also a radio-frequency receiver for alternative cardiac stimulation by means of an external pacemaker and a radio-frequency transmitter; wherein the radio-frequency receiver is not equipped with the usual plate in contact with the patient's tissues and is clamped on a bipolar electrode connecting the pacemaker to the heart. In this way, the stimulating signals either from the pacemaker or, in alternative, from the external transmitter, are transmitted through this electrode, being the pacemaker also insulated and without the external plate in contact with the patient's tissue. As a modification wherein the pacemaker is equipped with the plate in contact with the patient's tissue, the electrode length connecting the pacemaker with the radio-frequency receiver is unipolar while the length of electrode connecting the radio-frequency receiver to the heart remains bipolar.

Abstract: A catheter electrode for pacemakers provided with an integrally formed cardiac receiver for emergency pacing at radio frequency (RF), which catheter electrode has the pacemaker at one end and the pacing tip at the other end, wherein the RF cardiac receiver is connected thereto at an intermediate position between its two ends by clamping its coil onto the coiled wire of the electrode which has been previously exposed through removal of a short length of the insulating sheath so called spaghetti.