Abstract: The invention concerns an confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope for providing retinal therapy of an eye comprising: a first light source configured to emit a treatment beam with a first wavelength to a selected area of the retina, whereby the retina is external to the confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope; a retinal functional tracking means comprising a second light source and a detector, wherein the second light source is arranged to emit light within a spectrum to the selected area of the retina, and wherein the detector is configured to analyse reflected light by the retina at the selected area, wherein the detector is adapted to determine a change in the spectrum of the reflected light; and wherein the confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope is configured to adapt a therapeutic dose emitted by the first light source in response to the determination of a change in the spectrum of the reflected light.

Abstract: A tool recognition system recognizes a tool selected for a surgical procedure. The tool includes a distal portion configured to perform at least part of the surgical procedure and a proximal portion including a first electronic module that stores tool-identifying electronic information. A surgical handpiece is configured to receive the tool and includes a second electronic module configured to communicate electronically with the first electronic module when tool is disposed in the handpiece. The first electronic module includes a coil that is configured as a radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag antenna. The second electronic module includes a coil that is configured as a radio-frequency identification (RFID) interrogator antenna. In one embodiment, the first electronic module is a transponder that includes a RFID chip and a RFID antenna. Another embodiment includes a surgical tool recognition system for a drill and the tool includes a file.

Abstract: A tool for use with an electronic tool recognition system includes a tool blank with a distal tip configured for performing a procedure and a proximal handle encasing, fixedly, a proximal end of the tool blank. A tool-identifying apparatus including a mechanical resonator is embedded in a proximal end of the tool blank to provide a tool identifier. A conductive wire in electrical contact with the resonator provides the identifier to a processor. In another arrangement, conductive brushes in contact with slip rings provide the identifier to a processor. In another arrangement, a dental tool handle includes an insulating portion defining a recess in a proximal end of the handle configured to receive either a sensor or an information-managing chip.