Abstract: The present invention relates to barley plant or a part thereof, wherein the kernels of said barley plant have a reduced (1,3;1,4)-?-glucan content. The barley plant may carry a mutation in the CslF6 gene, wherein said mutated CslF6 gene encodes a mutant CslF6 polypeptide.

Abstract: The present invention provides barley plants, or parts thereof, having a high limit dextrinase activity. In particular, barley plants carrying a mutation in HvLDI gene are provided. Furthermore, plant products prepared from said barley plants, or parts thereof, are described as well as methods of producing the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for preparing cereal-based beverages. Particularly, the present invention provides, for example, methods for steeping and germination of cereal grain under continuous aeration. The present invention also provides for wet milling of germinated cereal grains and direct transfer of the germinated grain, without drying, to the brewery for further processing. Compared to current methods the methods of the present invention significantly reduces water consumption, energy consumption and transport need.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for preparing cereal-based beverages. Particularly, the present invention provides, for example, methods for steeping and germination of cereal grain under continuous aeration. The present invention also provides for wet milling of germinated cereal grains and direct transfer of the germinated grain, without drying, to the brewery for further processing. Compared to current methods the methods of the present invention significantly reduces water consumption, energy consumption and transport need.

Abstract: The invention relates to barley plants having a high ?-amylase activity. The barley plants of the invention may for example carry a mutation in one or more ?-amylase promoters, in the HRT gene, in the HBL12 gene and/or in the WRKY38 gene. The invention further provides plant products prepared from said barley plants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for preparing cereal-based beverages. The present invention provides, for example, methods for steeping and germination of cereal grain under continuous aeration. Particularly, the present invention provides methods for heating the germinated cereal grains prior to wet milling of germinated cereal grains and direct transfer of the germinated grain, without drying, to the brewery for further processing. Compared to current methods the methods of the present invention significantly reduce water consumption, energy consumption and transport need.

Abstract: The present invention relates to barley plant or a part thereof, wherein the kernels of said barley plant have a reduced (1,3;1,4)-?-glucan content. The barley plant may carry a mutation in the CslF6 gene, wherein said mutated CslF6 gene encodes a mutant CslF6 polypeptide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for preparing cereal-based beverages. Particularly, the present invention provides, for example, methods for steeping and germination of cereal grain under continuous aeration. The present invention also provides for wet milling of germinated cereal grains and direct transfer of the germinated grain, without drying, to the brewery for further processing. Compared to current methods the methods of the present invention significantly reduces water consumption, energy consumption and transport need.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided null-LOX-1 barley and plant products produced thereof, such as malt manufactured by using barley kernels defective in synthesis of the fatty acid-converting enzyme lipoxygenase-1. Said enzyme accounts for the principal activity related to conversion of linoleic acid into 9-hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid, a lipoxygenase pathway metabolite, which—through further enzymatic or spontaneous reactions—may lead to the appearance of trans-2-nonenal. The invention enables brewers to produce a beer devoid of detectable trans-2-nonenal-specific off-flavors, even after prolonged storage of the beverage.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided barley with total loss of functional lipoxygenase (LOX)-1 and LOX-2 enzymes, and plant products produced thereof, such as malt manufactured by using barley kernels defective in the synthesis of the fatty acid-dioxygenating enzymes LOX-1 and LOX-2. Said enzymes account for the principal activities related to dioxygenation of linoleic acid into 9- and 13-hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid, respectively. 9-Hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid represents a LOX pathway metabolite, which—through further enzymatic or spontaneous reactions—may lead to the appearance of trans-2-nonenal (T2N). The invention enables brewers to produce a beer having insignificant levels of stale, T2N-specific off-flavors, even after prolonged storage of the beverage.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided null-LOX-1 barley and plant products produced thereof, such as malt manufactured by using barley kernels defective in synthesis of the fatty acid-converting enzyme lipoxygenase-1. Said enzyme accounts for the principal activity related to conversion of linoleic acid into 9-hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid, a lipoxygenase pathway metabolite, which-through further enzymatic or spontaneous reactions-may lead to the appearance of trans-2-nonenal. The invention enables brewers to produce a beer devoid of detectable trans-2-nonenal-specific off flavors, even after prolonged storage of the beverage.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided barley with total loss of functional lipoxygenase (LOX)-1 and LOX-2 enzymes, and plant products produced thereof, such as malt manufactured by using barley kernels defective in the synthesis of the fatty acid-dioxygenating enzymes LOX-1 and LOX-2. Said enzymes account for the principal activities related to dioxygenation of linoleic acid into 9- and 13-hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid, respectively. 9-Hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid represents a LOX pathway metabolite, which—through further enzymatic or spontaneous reactions—may lead to the appearance of trans-2-nonenal (T2N). The invention enables brewers to produce a beer having insignificant levels of stale, T2N-specific off-flavors, even after prolonged storage of the beverage.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided null-LOX-1 barley and plant products produced thereof, such as malt manufactured by using barley kernels defective in synthesis of the fatty acid-converting enzyme lipoxygenase-1. Said enzyme accounts for the principal activity related to conversion of linoleic acid into 9-hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid, a lipoxygenase pathway metabolite, which-through further enzymatic or spontaneous reactions-may lead to the appearance of trans-2-nonenal. The invention enables brewers to produce a beer devoid of detectable trans-2-nonenal-specific off flavors, even after prolonged storage of the beverage.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided null-LOX-1 barley and plant products produced thereof, such as malt manufactured by using barley kernels defective in synthesis of the fatty acid-converting enzyme lipoxygenase-1. Said enzyme accounts for the principal activity related to conversion of linoleic acid into 9-hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid, a lipoxygenase pathway metabolite, which-through further enzymatic or spontaneous reactions-may lead to the appearance of trans-2-nonenal. The invention enables brewers to produce a beer devoid of detectable trans-2-nonenal-specific off flavors, even after prolonged storage of the beverage.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided null-LOX-1 barley and plant products produced thereof, such as malt manufactured by using barley kernels defective in synthesis of the fatty acid-converting enzyme lipoxygenase-1. Said enzyme accounts for the principal activity related to conversion of linoleic acid into 9-hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid, a lipoxygenase pathway metabolite, which-through further enzymatic or spontaneous reactions may lead to the appearance of trans-2-nonenal. The invention enables brewers to produce a beer devoid of detectable trans-2-nonenal-specific off flavors, even after prolonged storage of the beverage.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided null-LOX-1 barley and plant products produced thereof, such as malt manufactured by using barley kernels defective in synthesis of the fatty acid-converting enzyme lipoxygenase-1. Said enzyme accounts for the principal activity related to conversion of linoleic acid into 9-hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid, a lipoxygenase pathway metabolite, which—through further enzymatic or spontaneous reactions—may lead to the appearance of trans-2-nonenal. The invention enables brewers to produce a beer devoid of detectable trans-2-nonenal-specific off-flavors, even after prolonged storage of the beverage.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided null-LOX-1 barley and plant products produced thereof, such as malt manufactured by using barley kernels defective in synthesis of the fatty acid-converting enzyme lipoxygenase-1. Said enzyme accounts for the principal activity related to conversion of linoleic acid into 9-hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid, a lipoxygenase pathway metabolite, which—through further enzymatic or spontaneous reactions—may lead to the appearance of trans-2-nonenal. The invention enables brewers to produce a beer devoid of detectable trans-2-nonenal-specific off-flavors, even after prolonged storage of the beverage.

Abstract: Tissue-specific regulatory sequences, including promoters from barley (Hordeum vulgare) genes encoding &agr;-glucosidase and cystatin-1 (cysteine protease inhibitor) have been identified and isolated. The gene promoters have particular utility in directing high level, germination preferred expression of heterologous proteins that impart increased agronomic and malting characteristics to a given plant. In addition, the invention relates to methods of producing transgenic plants by using chimeric genes, cassette vectors, kits, cells and methods comprising the promoter and signal sequence coding region of the gene for barley &agr;-glucosidase and the gene for barley cystatin-1.

Abstract: A genomic nucleic acid sequence encoding a 62 kDa barley endoxylanase has been isolated and characterized. The genomic DNA sequences are used to transform plant cells for expression of enhanced amounts of active endoxylanase.