Abstract: There is provided a method of detecting a population of macrophage in a sample comprising detecting and/or determining the expression of Cdh5 in the macrophage in the sample. Also disclosed is a kit for detecting and/or separating and/or depleting a population of a macrophage, a method of depleting a population of a macrophage, a method of improving the health of an obese and/or overweight subject, a method of determining the risk of obesity and/or a metabolic impairment related to obesity in a subject, and an animal model thereof.

Abstract: There is provided a method of characterising a macrophage in a tissue of a subject, wherein the method comprises determining an expression of one or more biomarkers in the macrophage, wherein the one or more biomarkers is selected from the group consisting of Folr2, SerpinaSi, Nid2, Slc27a6, SemaSa, Cdh13, Bcl6b, C6, Klf15, Marco, Cd209d, Tshz3, Bmpr1a, Tln2, Coro2b, Ackr2, 1110046J04Rik, Pcdhac2, Gm2253, Vsig4, Phactrt, NpM, CpneS, Angptl7, Gm26714, Auts2, Cxcl13, Sgce, 2900052N01 Rik, Cd209b, Timd4, Cd209g, Mrd (CD206), Spp1, Il22ra2, Gm24112, Gm23010, Ighv7-1, Gm23628, Gm24620, Gm23058, Arhgef37, Gad1-ps, Gm26397, Ighv2-5, Chil3, Mir1934, 1810012K08Rik, Ighv1-59, Gm14119, Gm19620 and Snord71. In one embodiment, the macrophage can be an embryo-derived macrophage and/or a long-lived tissue resident macrophage. In another embodiment, the macrophage can be a monocyte-derived macrophage.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to antigen binding proteins and in particular to IL-1? antigen binding proteins. The present invention further provides compositions comprising the antigen binding proteins, use of the antigen binding proteins and methods for production.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to antigen binding proteins and in particular to IL-1? antigen binding proteins. The present invention further provides compositions comprising the antigen binding proteins, use of the antigen binding proteins and methods for production.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to antigen binding proteins and in particular to IL-1? antigen binding proteins. The present invention further provides compositions comprising the antigen binding proteins, use of the antigen binding proteins and methods for production.

Abstract: There is provided a method of identifying a neutrophil progenitor, the method comprising: determining an expression of at least one biomarker selected from the group consisting of: CD71, LOX-1, CD164, CD112, CD181, TACSTD2, CD11b and CD49d in a cell. In various embodiments, the cell is identified as a neutrophil progenitor when it is determined to have at least one of the following expression profiles: CD71hi/+, LOX-1int/lo/?, CD164hi/+, CD112hi/+, CD181int/lo/?, TACSTD2hi/+, CD11blo/? and/or CD49dint/hi/+. Also disclosed are a method of sorting and/or separating neutrophil progenitors from a cell population, a composition that is enriched in neutrophil progenitors and related uses and methods.

Abstract: There is provided a method of identifying pro-inflammatory dendritic cells, the method comprising: determining an expression of CD5, CD14 and/or CD163 in cells, wherein CD5?, CD14+ and/or GD163+ cells are identified as pro-inflammatory dendritic cells. Also disclosed is a method of characterising inflammation and/or inflammatory disease in a subject, the method comprising: determining a proportion of CD5?, CD14+ and/or GD163+ dendritic cells in the subject's sample, wherein the proportion positively correlates with the level of inflammation and/or the severity of inflammatory disease in the subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of culturing primitive macrophages from stem cells. Specifically, the method comprises contacting and incubating stem cells with a serum-free culture media comprising a GSK3 inhibitor to differentiate stem cells into cell of the mesoderm lineage, contacting and incubating cells of the mesoderm lineage with a culture media comprising DKK1 to differentiate the cells into the hematopoietic lineage, maturing the cells of the hematopoietic lineage and contacting and incubating these cells with a culture media comprising M-CSF to drive differentiation into primitive-like macrophages. The invention also relates to a primitive-like macrophage, use of the primitive-like macrophage and a kit when used in the method of the invention.

Abstract: A method for generating a microglia-sufficient brain organoid comprising the step of incubating primitive-like macrophage cells with a brain organoid that is between about 15 to about 30 days old in cerebral organoid medium comprising CSF-1 in a low attachment cell culture vessel to generate microglia cells. The present invention also relates to a microglia-sufficient brain organoid obtained by the method as described herein.

Abstract: Biomarkers for the detection and identification of a precursor of conventional dendritic cell (cDC) (pre-DC) and its cell subsets (pre-cDC1 or pre-cDC2), are defined, which include CD169, CD327, AXL, CD271, CD324 and combinations thereof for detecting pre-DCs. Methods for detecting a disease or condition, prognosis of an existing disease or condition comprising determining the number of pre-DC cells in sample from a subject as compared to control, as well as methods of treating a patient comprising administration of antibodies against CD169, CD327, AXL, CD271, CD324 and combinations thereof are also disclosed. In addition, an immunogenic composition comprising one or more binding molecules specific for one or more biomarkers or antigen of a target disease and/or one or more cells selected from the group consisting of early pre-DC, pre-cDC1 and pre-cDC2 are also disclosed for eliciting an immune response against an infectious disease or cancer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to antigen binding proteins and in particular to IL-1? antigen binding proteins. The present invention further provides compositions comprising the antigen binding proteins, use of the antigen binding proteins and methods for production.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to antigen binding proteins and in particular to IL-1? antigen binding proteins. The present invention further provides compositions comprising the antigen binding proteins, use of the antigen binding proteins and methods for production.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treating or preventing an infection, a neoplastic disease or an immune-related disease in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising contacting a therapeutically effective or immuno-effective amount of an TLR9 agonist, specifically CpG oligodeoxynucleotide 2216 (CpG ODN), with a precursor dendritic cell (pre-DC), wherein the TLR9 agonist stimulates the pre-DC to secrete one or more cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IL-12p40, to thereby activate or increase the subject's immune response for treating or preventing the infection, the neoplastic disease or the immune-related disease. The present invention also relates to immunogenic or adjuvant compositions comprising the TLR9 agonist. A method of diagnosing a deficient immune system in a subject, comprising contacting a sample comprising pre-DC from the subject with one or more TLR 9 agonists and kits thereof are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to antigen binding proteins and in particular to IL-1? antigen binding proteins. The present invention further provides compositions comprising the antigen binding proteins, use of the antigen binding proteins and methods for production.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to antigen binding proteins and in particular to IL-1? antigen binding proteins. The present invention further provides compositions comprising the antigen binding proteins, use of the antigen binding proteins and methods for production.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of culturing primitive macrophages from stem cells. Specifically, the method comprises contacting and incubating stem cells with a serum-free culture media comprising a GSK3 inhibitor to differentiate stem cells into cell of the mesoderm lineage, contacting and incubating cells of the mesoderm lineage with a culture media comprising DKK1 to differentiate the cells into the hematopoietic lineage, maturing the cells of the hematopoietic lineage and contacting and incubating these cells with a culture media comprising M-CSF to drive differentiation into primitive-like macrophages. The invention also relates to a primitive-like macrophage, use of the primitive-like macrophage and a kit when used in the method of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of culturing primitive-like macrophages from stem cells, a kit when used in the method thereof and uses of the primitive like macrophage for in-vitro disease models and for screening compounds for therapy. One embodied culture method comprises contacting and incubating embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells with a serum-free culture media comprising a GSK3 inhibitor to differentiate stem cells into cells of the mesoderm lineage, followed by incubation with a culture media comprising Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1) to differentiate the mesoderm into cells of hematopoietic lineage, maturing hematopoietic cells and incubating these cells with a culture media comprising M-CSF to drive differentiation into primitive-like macrophages.

Abstract: Biomarkers for the detection and identification of a precursor of conventional dendritic cell (cDC) (pre-DC) and its cell subsets (pre-cDC1 or pre-cDC2), are defined, which include CD169, CD327, AXL, CD271, CD324 and combinations thereof for detecting pre-DCs. Methods for detecting a disease or condition, prognosis of an existing disease or condition comprising determining the number of pre-DC cells in sample from a subject as compared to control, as well as methods of treating a patient comprising administration of antibodies against CD169, CD327, AXL, CD271, CD324 and combinations thereof are also disclosed. In addition, an immunogenic composition comprising one or more binding molecules specific for one or more biomarkers or antigen of a target disease and/or one or more cells selected from the group consisting of early pre-DC, pre-cDC1 and pre-cDC2 are also disclosed for eliciting an immune response against an infectious disease or cancer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to antigen binding proteins and in particular to IL-1? antigen binding proteins. The present invention further provides compositions comprising the antigen binding proteins, use of the antigen binding proteins and methods for production.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to antigen binding proteins and in particular to IL-1? antigen binding proteins. The present invention further provides compositions comprising the antigen binding proteins, use of the antigen binding proteins and methods for production.