Abstract: A cyclical time-based communication system, for the transmission of data (DATA) between users, comprising a databus and users connected thereto. The data transmission occurs within cyclical repeating timeframes, each with at least two timeslots. Each timeslot is provided for the transmission of a message (Ni). A message (Ni) comprises at least part of the data (DATA) and each message (Ni) is provided with a code (ID). The bandwidth available for data transmission may be better utilized, if the code (ID) is placed within the message(Ni), each message (Ni) is additionally provided with time information concerning the timeslot which may be extracted from the code, and at least one of the timeslots may be used for transmission of various messages in various cycles. In a preferred embodiment the information relating to the current cycle comprises an ordinal number. In the simplest case the number has two values 0 and 1.

Abstract: A method for exchanging data in messages between at least two users connected by a bus system, where each of the at least two users includes a predefinable and/or ascertainable timing mark, includes causing the at least two users to transmit, via the bus system, messages including the data. The method also includes causing a first user, in a function as timer, to control the messages as a function of time in such a way that it repeatedly transmits a reference message, which contains time information of the first user, via the bus at a specifiable time interval. Further, if the timing mark of the second user is reached without a reference message of the first user reaching the second user, the second user is caused to take over the function of timer by transmitting its own reference message with its own time information via the bus system.

Abstract: A communication system is described that includes a data bus and multiple user nodes connected to the data bus. Also described is a method for operating such a communication system. Data frames for data transmission each include a data field and/or a control field and a check sum field. One user has a high-precision clock generator (for example, precise quartz, MEMS resonator, etc.), and the remaining users have a clock generator (for example, an RC oscillator or imprecise quartz) having a lower precision. During operation of the communication system calibration messages are present on the data bus, and the users having the imprecise clock generator receive a calibration message. The users having the imprecise clock generator calibrate the imprecise clock generator to a system clock signal of the data bus, taking into account information contained in the received calibration message.

Abstract: A communication module system has an interface module for interconnection with at least one communication module, the interface module containing an input, via which the interface module receives first data and/or messages, a first transmission path and a second transmission path being provided in the interface module, a coupling element being provided in the second transmission path, which coupling element is implemented in such a way that the first data and/or messages are at least partially combined to form second data and/or messages.

Abstract: A communication system having one CAN bus and at least two devices interconnected by the CAN bus is described, at least one of the devices including: i) a CAN controller, which is suitable for transmitting CAN data frames over the CAN bus using a first physical protocol in a first operating mode; ii) an asynchronous serial communication interface unit, which is suitable for transmitting ASC data frames over the CAN bus using a second physical protocol in a second operating mode; iii) a first switching means, which is suitable for switching the first operating mode and the second operating mode depending on at least one agreement in effect between the device and at least one of the other devices; and iv) another switching means, which is suitable for switching the device to a third (restricted) operating mode, which differs from the first operating mode and the second operating mode, for powering up the device.

Abstract: A communication interface element for a communication module is provided, which module contains a message memory and a first data path to and from the message memory via which data and/or messages are transmitted to and from the message memory. The communication interface element provides an additional, second data path in the communication module and includes switching arrangement configured in such a way that predefinable data and/or messages of the first data path are transmitted over the additional, second data path.

Abstract: A communication interface element for a communication module is provided, which module contains a message memory and a first data path to and from the message memory via which data and/or messages are transmitted to and from the message memory. The communication interface element provides an additional, second data path in the communication module and includes switching arrangement configured in such a way that predefinable data and/or messages of the first data path are transmitted over the additional, second data path.

Abstract: A FlexRay communication module for coupling a FlexRay communication connection to a subscriber, associated with the FlexRay communication module, in a FlexRay network over which messages are transferred, the FlexRay communication module including a first assemblage for storing at least a portion of the transferred messages, and a second assemblage for connecting the first assemblage to the subscriber, and a third assemblage for connecting the FlexRay communication connection to the first assemblage.

Abstract: A device for synchronizing at least two bus systems, having a first communications module for a first bus system and a second communications module for a second bus system, wherein in the first communications module first trigger information is present by which a trigger signal is triggered in the first bus system, characterized in that the device is configured in such a manner that the first and second communications modules are connected to each other and the first trigger information is transmitted to the second communications module, and the second communications module is configured in such a manner that a time information value is determined from the first trigger information and that time information value is compared with a second time mark of the second bus system, a time difference being determined and the next reference message being triggered in the second bus system in dependence upon the second time mark and the time difference.

Abstract: In a method and a device for decoding a signal, the signal is transmitted via at least one connecting line of a data transmission system, in a user of the data transmission system receiving the signal. It is provided to measure the interval of a change—provided compulsorily in a transmission protocol used in the data transmission system—of the signal from rising to falling or from falling to rising edge. A tendency for an asymmetrical delay of the signal can be ascertained from the measured interval. The sampling of the bits of the received signal can be improved as a function of the interval or of the asymmetrical delay, for example, by setting the sampling instant in variable fashion. Alternatively, the interval or the asymmetrical delay can be utilized for diagnostic purposes.

Abstract: A bus system includes at least two data buses, the first data bus having a first number of users and the second data bus having a second number of users. At least two TTCAN buses, which are interlinked by users connected simultaneously to both TTCAN buses, are used as the data buses. Fewer users than the sum of the number of users of the first TTCAN bus and the number of users of the second TTCAN bus are connected to the two TTCAN buses at the same time. A generating arrangement is included to generate a scalable fault tolerance in the bus system as a function of the number of users connected to the at least two TTCAN buses at the same time.

Abstract: Method for controlling a bus system having at least two users, a first user repeatedly transmitting a reference message in at least one predeterminable time interval over the bus system, the reference message being triggered by time trigger information when the time information reaches a time mark assigned to the trigger information, wherein the time mark is altered at least once in such a way that when the time information reaches the altered time mark, time shifting of the trigger information occurs.

Abstract: The invention refers to a method for monitoring a communication media access schedule of a communication controller (5) of a communication system (1) by means of a bus guardian (6). The communication system (1) comprises a communication media (2) and nodes (3) connected to the communication media (2). Each node (3) comprises a communication controller (5) and a bus guardian (6) assigned to the communication controller (5). Messages are transmitted among the nodes (3) across the communication media (2) based on a cyclic time triggered communication media access scheme.

Abstract: A method and device for data processing having at least three identical or similar execution units, wherein at least one comparator exists and at least two execution units are grouped such that the output signals of the at least two execution units are connected with the at least one comparator and compared.

Abstract: A method, a device, and a bus system for synchronizing at least two buses having at least one bus user, a global time being determined in each bus, and the deviations in the global times of the buses being determined from the global times, the buses being connected via at least one user and the deviations in the individual global times being transmitted to at least one bus user, and the global times of the buses connected via at least one user being adjusted to one another as a function of the deviations in the global times, so that the buses are synchronized with respect to the global times. The buses may include TTCAN buses.

Abstract: FlexRay communication controller for connecting FlexRay communication lines to a FlexRay network member assigned to the FlexRay communication controller, whereby said FlexRay communication controller encloses some parts as there are at least a message handler, a message memory, a first buffer memory structure for connecting said message memory to said FlexRay network member and a second buffer memory structure for connecting said message memory to said FlexRay communication lines, whereby all the parts are functioning together to connect said FlexRay communication lines to said FlexRay network member and said FlexRay communication controller is constructed in such a way that said functioning is controlled by the contents of a variety of registers located onto said FlexRay communication controller.

Abstract: A method for controlling access to data of a message memory, and a message handler of a communications module having a message memory, in which data are input or output in response to an access; the message memory being connected to a first buffer configuration and a second buffer configuration, and the data being accessed via the first or the second buffer configuration; in the message handler, at least one first finite state machine being provided which controls the access to the message memory via the first buffer configuration, and at least one second finite state machine being provided which controls the access via the second buffer configuration, the at least one first finite state machine and the second finite state machine making access requests; and a third finite state machine being provided which assigns access to the message memory to the at least one first and the second finite state machine as a function of their access requests.

Abstract: A method and a device for exchanging data in messages between at least two stations connected by a bus system. The messages contain the data being transmitted by the stations over the bus system. Each message contains an identifier characterizing the data contained therein. Each station decides on the basis of the identifier whether to receive the message. The messages are controlled in time by a first station. The first station repeatedly transmits a reference message over the bus in at least one specifiable time interval. The time interval is subdivided into time windows of a specifiable length, the messages being transmitted in the time windows.

Abstract: A method and a device for exchanging data in messages between at least two stations connected by a bus system. The messages contain the data being transmitted by the stations over the bus system. Each message contains an identifier characterizing the data contained therein. Each station decides on the basis of the identifier whether to receive the message. The messages are controlled in time by a first station. The first station repeatedly transmits a reference message over the bus in at least one specifiable time interval. The time interval is subdivided into time windows of a specifiable length, the messages being transmitted in the time windows.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for accessing data of a message memory of a communication module by inputting or outputting data into or from the message memory, the message memory being connected to a buffer memory assemblage and the data being transferred to the message memory or from the message memory, the buffer memory assemblage having an input buffer memory in the first transfer direction and an output buffer memory in the second transfer direction; and the input buffer memory and the output buffer memory each being divided into a partial buffer memory and a shadow memory, the following steps being performed in each transfer direction: inputting data into the respective partial buffer memory, and transposing access to the partial buffer memory and shadow memory, so that subsequent data can be inputted into the shadow memory while the previously inputted data are already being outputted from the partial buffer memory in the stipulated transfer direction.