Abstract: The present disclosure includes a sensor element for registering temperature of an object, which includes: a substrate, wherein the substrate includes a platform face, which defines a first plane; a temperature detector, which is applied on a first temperature plane on the substrate and which is embodied to register the temperature of the object, wherein the first temperature plane lies in the first plane or essentially in parallel with the first plane; at least one sensor applied on a first subregion of the substrate for determining a temperature difference within the first subregion; and a passivation, which is applied on the substrate and which covers the substrate, the temperature detector and the sensor for determining the temperature difference, as well as residing in a method for assessing measurement quality of a sensor element of the present disclosure.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for determining and/or monitoring the mass flow and/or flow velocity of a flowable medium through a pipeline, comprising at least one heating element, which is at least partially and/or at times in thermal contact with the medium and is operable at least at times by means of a heating signal. Furthermore, the present disclosure relates to a method for producing an apparatus of the disclosure. According to the disclosure, the heating element is at least partially surrounded in a region facing the medium by a unit comprising a material with an anisotropic thermal conductivity.

Abstract: The present disclosure resides in a sensor element for determining a physical, measured variable of a measured medium, comprising: a planar substrate; a functional layer applied on a surface of the substrate; a passivating layer applied on the functional layer; a metal connecting layer applied on the surface of the passivating layer such that the passivating layer is completely covered; and a metal platelet applied on the surface of the metal connecting layer such that no contact can occur between the passivating layer and the measured medium, as well as residing in a thermal flow sensor, which has at least two such sensor elements.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a temperature sensor, which includes at least one temperature sensor element with an at least partially metallized face and a support, includes applying a connecting layer of at least gold, silver and/or palladium to the support, applying a silver sinter paste layer, arranging the temperature sensor element on the support, so that the temperature sensor element with the at least partially metallized face contacts the support via the connecting layer and the silver paste layer, and sintering of the silver sinter paste layer for connecting the temperature sensor element with the support.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for determining and/or monitoring the mass flow and/or flow velocity of a flowable medium through a pipeline, comprising at least one heating element, which is at least partially and/or at times in thermal contact with the medium and is operable at least at times by means of a heating signal. Furthermore, the present disclosure relates to a method for producing an apparatus of the disclosure. According to the disclosure, the heating element is at least partially surrounded in a region facing the medium by a unit comprising a material with an anisotropic thermal conductivity.

Abstract: The present disclosure resides in a sensor element for determining a physical, measured variable of a measured medium, comprising: a planar substrate; a functional layer applied on a surface of the substrate; a passivating layer applied on the functional layer; a metal connecting layer applied on the surface of the passivating layer such that the passivating layer is completely covered; and a metal platelet applied on the surface of the metal connecting layer such that no contact can occur between the passivating layer and the measured medium, as well as residing in a thermal flow sensor, which has at least two such sensor elements.

Abstract: A sensor for determining at least one process variable of a medium, comprising: a metallic substrate which has a recess at least in a first area; a first dielectric layer which is arranged on the metallic substrate at least in the first area, wherein the first dielectric layer forms a membrane; at least one heating structure which is arranged on the first dielectric layer formed as a membrane in the first area, wherein the heating structure heats the medium; at least one temperature sensor element assigned to the first area, which temperature sensor element is arranged so as to be spaced apart from the heating structure on the first dielectric layer and detects the temperature of the medium heated on the heating structure; and at least one protective layer which covers at least the at least one heating structure and the at least one temperature sensor element.

Abstract: A thin-film sensor for a thermal flowmeter with at least a first substrate layer made of electrically non-conductive material, a second layer made of electrically conductive material and a cover layer to protect the resistance layer against abrasion, wherein the second layer is designed as two sensor elements, wherein at least a first of the two sensor elements is designed to introduce a heat quantity into a medium, and at least a second of the two sensor elements is designed to determine the ambient temperature, and the thin-film sensor has a gap that isolates the two sensor elements from one another.

Abstract: A thermal flow sensor for determining a gas or the composition of a gas mixture as well as its flow velocity, comprising: a substrate onto which at least a first dielectric layer is applied; at least one heating structure that is applied onto the first dielectric layer and serves to heat the gas or the gas mixture; at least a first temperature sensor element that is applied onto the first dielectric layer at a distance from the heating structure and captures the temperature of the gas or gas mixture heated at the heating structure; a control device that controls the heating structure in a first operating mode in such a way that the heating structure shows a predetermined temperature, and controls the heating structure in a second operating mode in such a way that a power input into the heating structure corresponds to a predetermined power; and an evaluation unit which determines at least one physical characteristic of the gas present or the gas mixture on the basis of the operating modes and determines the g

Abstract: A method for producing a pH half-cell by means of which, in combination with a reference electrode and an evaluation electronics unit, a pH value of a medium can be determined, comprises the following steps: applying a first structure and a second structure to a substrate, wherein the first structure is applied by means of a thin-film method and forms a resistance element having a temperature-dependent resistance value, and wherein the second structure can be employed to derive a pH-dependent potential; applying a structured passivation glass layer, wherein the passivation glass layer substantially covers the first structure and leaves the second structure substantially uncovered; applying a mixed-conducting glass, wherein the mixed-conducting glass is substantially applied to the region that was left uncovered by the passivation glass layer; and applying a pH-sensitive glass, wherein the pH-sensitive glass is applied to the mixed-conducting glass.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a temperature sensor, which includes at least one temperature sensor element with an at least partially metallized face and a support, includes applying a connecting layer of at least gold, silver and/or palladium to the support, applying a silver sinter paste layer, arranging the temperature sensor element on the support, so that the temperature sensor element with the at least partially metallized face contacts the support via the connecting layer and the silver paste layer, and sintering of the silver sinter paste layer for connecting the temperature sensor element with the support.

Abstract: A method for producing a pH half-cell by means of which, in combination with a reference electrode and an evaluation electronics unit, a pH value of a medium can be determined, comprises the following steps: applying a first structure and a second structure to a substrate, wherein the first structure is applied by means of a thin-film method and forms a resistance element having a temperature-dependent resistance value, and wherein the second structure can be employed to derive a pH-dependent potential; applying a structured passivation glass layer, wherein the passivation glass layer substantially covers the first structure and leaves the second structure substantially uncovered; applying a mixed-conducting glass, wherein the mixed-conducting glass is substantially applied to the region that was left uncovered by the passivation glass layer; and applying a pH-sensitive glass, wherein the pH-sensitive glass is applied to the mixed-conducting glass.

Abstract: A sensor for determining at least one process variable of a medium, comprising: a metallic substrate which has a recess at least in a first area; a first dielectric layer which is arranged on the metallic substrate at least in the first area, wherein the first dielectric layer forms a membrane; at least one heating structure which is arranged on the first dielectric layer formed as a membrane in the first area, wherein the heating structure heats the medium; at least one temperature sensor element assigned to the first area, which temperature sensor element is arranged so as to be spaced apart from the heating structure on the first dielectric layer and detects the temperature of the medium heated on the heating structure; and at least one protective layer which covers at least the at least one heating structure and the at least one temperature sensor element.

Abstract: A thermal flow sensor for determining a gas or the composition of a gas mixture as well as its flow velocity, comprising: a substrate onto which at least a first dielectric layer is applied; at least one heating structure that is applied onto the first dielectric layer and serves to heat the gas or the gas mixture; at least a first temperature sensor element that is applied onto the first dielectric layer at a distance from the heating structure and captures the temperature of the gas or gas mixture heated at the heating structure; a control device that controls the heating structure in a first operating mode in such a way that the heating structure shows a predetermined temperature, and controls the heating structure in a second operating mode in such a way that a power input into the heating structure corresponds to a predetermined power; and an evaluation unit which determines at least one physical characteristic of the gas present or the gas mixture on the basis of the operating modes and determines the g

Abstract: A thin-film sensor for a thermal flowmeter with at least a first substrate layer made of electrically non-conductive material, a second layer made of electrically conductive material and a cover layer to protect the resistance layer against abrasion, wherein the second layer is designed as two sensor elements, wherein at least a first of the two sensor elements is designed to introduce a heat quantity into a medium, and at least a second of the two sensor elements is designed to determine the ambient temperature, and the thin-film sensor has a gap that isolates the two sensor elements from one another.

Abstract: A radiation source for emitting infrared electromagnetic radiation and having at least one source element. The radiation source is characterized by features including that: the source element is embodied in the form of a silicon carbide fiber; the source element is coated at least sectionally with a metal coating, via which the source element can be heated; and the metal coating heats the source element at least at times in such a manner that the source element emits infrared radiation at least at times. A method for the manufacture of a radiation source is likewise relevant.

Abstract: A radiation source for emitting infrared electromagnetic radiation and having at least one source element. The radiation source is characterized by features including that: the source element is embodied in the form of a silicon carbide fiber; the source element is coated at least sectionally with a metal coating, via which the source element can be heated; and the metal coating heats the source element at least at times in such a manner that the source element emits infrared radiation at least at times. A method for the manufacture of a radiation source is likewise claimed relevant.