Abstract: Fine, pure, boehmite alumina crystallites are peptized, partially precipitated and phosphated, hardened, and dried to form a xerogel. The alumina can be impregnated with a chromium compound. The chromium-containing catalyst is activated by calcination. The activated catalyst can be used as a polymerization catalyst to polymerize mono-1-olefins.

Abstract: Fine, pure, boehmite alumina crystallites are peptized, partially precipitated and phosphated, hardened, and dried to form a zerogel. The alumina can be impregnated with a chromium compound. The chromium-containing catalyst is activated by calcination. The activated catalyst can be used as a polymerization catalyst to polymerize mono-1-olefins.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprises (a) alumina, (b) zinc titanate, (c) at least one compound of molybdenum, (d) at least one compound of at least one of nickel and cobalt, and (e) at least one compound of rhenium. This catalyst composition is used for hydrotreating a liquid hydrocarbon-containing feed stream, which contains organic compounds of sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen under such conditions as to obtain a product having reduced levels of sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen. Preferably the hydrocarbon-containing feed stream contains cycloalkanes, which are at least partially reformed to aromatic compounds.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprises (a) alumina, (b) zinc titanate, (c) at least one compound of molybdenum, (d) at least one compound of at least one of nickel and cobalt, and (e) at least one compound of rhenium. This catalyst composition is used for hydrotreating a liquid hydrocarbon-containing feed stream, which contains organic compounds of sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen under such conditions as to obtain a product having reduced levels of sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen. Preferably the hydrocarbon-containing feed stream contains cycloalkanes, which are at least partially reformed to aromatic compounds.

Abstract: The removal of sulfur oxide (particularly sulfur dioxide) from a fluid stream, such as the tail gas from a sulfur process, is accomplished by contacting such fluid stream with a catalyst composition comprising zinc titanate and a promoter in the presence of a hydrogen donor.

Abstract: The formation of carbon on metals exposed to hydrocarbons in a thermal cracking process is reduced by contacting such metals with an antifoulant selected from the group consisting of tin, a combination of tin and antimony, a combination of germanium and antimony, a combination of tin and germanium and a combination of tin, antimony and germanium.

Abstract: The formation of carbon on metals exposed to hydrocarbons in a thermal cracking process is reduced by contacting such metals with an antifoulant selected from the group consisting of tin, a combination of tin and antimony, a combination of germanium and antimony, a combination of tin and germanium and a combination of tin, antimony and germanium.

Abstract: The catalytic hydrodenitrogenation of organic compounds containing sulfur and/or nitrogen is carried out in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising zinc titanate and at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of vanadium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, and compounds thereof.

Abstract: The catalytic hydrodesulfurization of organic compounds containing sulfur is carried out in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising zinc titanate and at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of vanadium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, and compounds thereof.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide is removed from a fluid stream by contacting the fluid stream which contains hydrogen sulfide with an absorbing composition comprising zinc, titanium and at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, rhenium, and compounds thereof. If organic sulfur compounds are present in the fluid stream, the absorbing composition acts as a hydrodesulfurization catalyst to convert the sulfur in the organic sulfur compounds to hydrogen sulfide which is subsequently removed from the fluid stream by the absorbing composition. If olefin contaminants are present in the fluid stream, the absorbing composition acts as hydrogenation catalyst to hydrogenate the olefin contaminants to paraffins.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide is removed from a fluid stream by contacting the fluid stream which contains hydrogen sulfide with an absorbing composition comprising zinc, titanium and at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, rhenium, and compounds thereof. If organic sulfur compounds are present in the fluid stream, the absorbing composition acts as a hydrodesulfurization catalyst to convert the sulfur in the organic sulfur compounds to hydrogen sulfide which is subsequently removed from the fluid stream by the absorbing composition. If olefin contaminants are present in the fluid stream, the absorbing composition acts as hydrogenation catalyst to hydrogenate the olefin contaminants to paraffins.

Abstract: The catalytic hydrodesulfurization and/or hydrodenitrogenation of organic compounds containing sulfur and/or nitrogen is carried out in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising zinc, titanium and at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of vanadium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, and compounds thereof.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide is removed from a fluid stream by contacting the fluid stream which contains hydrogen sulfide with an absorbing composition comprising zinc, titanium and at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, rhenium, and compounds thereof. If organic sulfur compounds are present in the fluid stream, the absorbing composition acts as a hydrodesulfurization catalyst to convert the sulfur in the organic sulfur compounds to hydrogen sulfide which is subsequently removed from the fluid stream by the absorbing composition. If olefin contaminants are present in the fluid stream, the absorbing composition acts as hydrogenation catalyst to hydrogenate the olefin contaminants to paraffins.

Abstract: The purity of organically polluted waters is improved by contacting with a zinc titanate catalyst under oxidizing conditions. In one embodiment, an aqueous stream containing oxidizable organic pollutants is subjected to oxidizing conditions in the presence of a metal promoted zinc titanate catalyst to improve the purity of the aqueous product. In a second embodiment, an aqueous stream containing oxidizable organic pollutants is subjected to oxidizing conditions in the presence of a metal promoted zinc titanate catalyst to convert the water to a potable aqueous product.

Abstract: The purity of organically polluted waters is improved by contacting with a zinc titanate catalyst under oxidizing conditions. In one embodiment, an aqueous stream containing oxidizable organic pollutants is subjected to oxidizing conditions in the presence of a metal promoted zinc titanate catalyst to improve the purity of the aqueous product. In a second embodiment, an aqueous stream containing oxidizable organic pollutants is subjected to oxidizing conditions in the presence of a metal promoted zinc titanate catalyst to convert the water to a potable aqueous product.

Abstract: The catalytic reforming of a feedstock which contains at least one reformable organic compound or the hydrocracking of a feedstock which contains at least one hydrocrackable organic compound is carried out in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising zinc and titanium.

Abstract: The catalytic reforming of a feedstock which contains at least one reformable organic compound or the hydrocracking of a feedstock which contains at least one hydrocrackable organic compound is carried out in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising zinc, titanium and rhenium.

Abstract: A process is used to dehydrogenate organic compounds to a higher degree of unsaturation by contacting in a first step, the organic compound with a calcined zinc titanate catalyst. In the second step, the catalyst is contacted with oxygen essentially in the absence of the dehydrogenatable organic compound. The first and second steps are repeated sequentially.

Abstract: An intentionally produced low octane value alkylate is reformed in the presence of steam, and in the absence of added hydrogen, to produce a high octane value, olefinic reformate containing aromatics. The reformate, upon fractionation to remove hydrogen and methane and C.sub.3 and C.sub.4 hydrocarbons, which can be recycled, is subjected to solvent extraction to produce a raffinate which can be used as high octane gasoline and which contains olefins, and an extract which, upon fractionation to remove xylenes therefrom as usable product, and which now contains benzene and toluene, can be combined with said raffinate.

Abstract: A process is used to dehydrogenate organic compounds to a higher degree of unsaturation by contacting in a first step, the organic compound with a calcined zinc titanate catalyst. In the second step, the catalyst is contacted with oxygen essentially in the absence of the dehydrogenatable organic compound. The first and second steps are repeated sequentially.