Abstract: A system is disclosed for controlling an electrochemical process. The system has a power source that is coupled to a power amplifier. The power amplifier is configured to provide an electromotive force (emf) signal, and a plurality of electrodes apply the emf signal to an electrochemical solution. A control element is configured to control the power amplifier such that the emf signal exhibits a predetermined frequency, amplitude, and duty cycle for reducing a thickness of the Nernst diffusion layer such that an operational parameter is set to a predetermined value.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally pertains to in vivo drug development and delivery systems and methods. The systems include a hollow tubular assembly with a chamber for receiving and transmitting an ionizing substrate solution, and a structure to transmit non-radioactive ionizing radiation to the ionizing substrate solution. The resulting free radical drug is transferred directly into a patient treatment site through an applicator. The systems and methods described herein provide simple, inexpensive techniques for in vivo production of an optimal chemotherapeutic drug without the use of radioactive radiation and directly injecting the drug into the patient's tissue with very minimal systemic side-effects.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for controlling an electrochemical process. The system has a power source that is coupled to a power amplifier. The power amplifier is configured to provide an electromotive force (emf) signal, and a plurality of electrodes apply the emf signal to an electrochemical solution. A control element is configured to control the power amplifier such that the emf signal exhibits a predetermined frequency, amplitude, and duty cycle for reducing a thickness of the Nernst diffusion layer such that an operational parameter is set to a predetermined value.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for controlling an electrochemical process. The system has a power source that is coupled to a power amplifier. The power amplifier is configured to provide an electromotive force (emf) signal, and a plurality of electrodes apply the emf signal to an electrochemical solution. A control element is configured to control the power amplifier such that the emf signal exhibits a predetermined frequency, amplitude, and duty cycle for reducing a thickness of the Nernst diffusion layer such that an operational parameter is set to a predetermined value.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally pertains to in vivo drug development and delivery systems and methods. The systems include a hollow tubular assembly with a chamber for receiving and transmitting an ionizing substrate solution, and a structure to transmit non-radioactive ionizing radiation to the ionizing substrate solution. The resulting free radical drug is transferred directly into a patient treatment site through an applicator. The systems and methods described herein provide simple, inexpensive techniques for in vivo production of an optimal chemotherapeutic drug without the use of radioactive radiation and directly injecting the drug into the patient's tissue with very minimal systemic side-effects.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally pertains to in vivo drug development and delivery systems and methods. The systems include a hollow tubular assembly with a chamber for receiving and transmitting an ionizing substrate solution, and a structure to transmit non-radioactive ionizing radiation to the ionizing substrate solution. The resulting free radical drug is transferred directly into a patient treatment site through an applicator. The systems and methods described herein provide simple, inexpensive techniques for in vivo production of an optimal chemotherapeutic drug without the use of radioactive radiation and directly injecting the drug into the patient's tissue with very minimal systemic side-effects.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for controlling an electrochemical process. The system has a power source that is coupled to a power amplifier. The power amplifier is configured to provide an electromotive force (emf) signal, and a plurality of electrodes apply the emf signal to an electrochemical solution. A control element is configured to control the power amplifier such that the emf signal exhibits a predetermined frequency, amplitude, and duty cycle for reducing a thickness of the Nernst diffusion layer such that an operational parameter is set to a predetermined value.

Abstract: An electronic method and apparatus are described for an isolated, universal input, power supply in the form of a single-ended resonant converter that utilizes capacitive energy storage versus magnetic energy storage, for converting an ac or DC input voltage to a variable voltage and current DC output or a variable ac output voltage, current, frequency, or phase. The preferred topology is a direct ac to ac, single-ended resonant converter using a single switch (4) and integrated magnetic element (1) with inherent near-unity power factor. Advantages of this method include a significant reduction in global energy consumption, simpler circuitry, substantially lower cost, higher efficiency, and longer operational life.

Abstract: An electronic method is described whereby the applied electromotive force optimizes the electrokinetic behavior of charged particles to match closely the natural electrical response and physical structure of the system. The method shapes the electromotive force's amplitude and frequency to normalize the relative interactions between the charged particles and the physical structure. An injection means (1) allows this method to be applied to a broad base of physical, biological, and electrochemical processes that depend on the electrokinetic behavior of charged particles. The method can effectively utilize the reactive energy or amplification occurring at natural system resonance to enhance the performance of the system without an increase in the applied power. In an electrochemical process the method provides an optimized mass transport perturbation, including the electrical double layer, that is perpendicular to the electrodes.

Abstract: A power supply provides the stable DC voltages needed for a computer terminal from a wide range of line voltages and frequencies. The line is rectified and fed to a flyback transformer wherein primary current is controlled in duration for providing the desired energy transfer to the secondary winding. The outputs from the flyback transformer are rectified and filtered. A separate start-up circuit uses a transformer across the line voltage, and a positive coefficient resistor provides a time limit to allow the use of a small transformer even though the line voltage may be high. The start-up circuit must produce a minimum voltage for the switching transistor in the flyback arrangement to allow operation of the power supply, and the start-up transformer is disconnected from the circuit after operation to prevent electromagnetic interference within the terminal.