Abstract: A method for separating electrically charged species contained in a solution by an isotachophoresis method applied in an electrophoresis device, the isotachophoresis method being coupled to isotopic measurement using a mass spectrometer. The method notably comprises a step of stopping the voltage applied to the terminal of the electrophoresis capillary and transient application of a counter-pressure making it possible to utilize the length of the capillary several times and extend the separation distance artificially.

Abstract: A method for separating electrically charged species contained in a solution by an isotachophoresis method applied in an electrophoresis device, the isotachophoresis method being coupled to isotopic measurement using a mass spectrometer. The method notably comprises a step of stopping the voltage applied to the terminal of the electrophoresis capillary and transient application of a counter-pressure making it possible to utilize the length of the capillary several times and extend the separation distance artificially.

Abstract: A method for isotope measurement of charged species contained in a solution to be analyzed, particularly charged species having an isobaric interference, has the following consecutive steps: a) in the capillary of a capillary electrophoresis device, the solution to be analyzed is inserted contiguously between a terminating electrolyte and a leading electrolyte that, respectively, are placed after the inlet and before the outlet of the capillary and contain ions of the same charge but with mobility inferior and superior to those of said species; b) separating the species by using the capillary electrophoresis device according to the isotachophoresis mode; then c) in the continuity of the preceding step, performing an isotope measurement of the species detected in the form of a substantially constant amplitude signal by using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICPMS) connected by direct coupling with the capillary electrophoresis device.

Abstract: A method for isotope measurement of charged species contained in a solution to be analyzed, particularly charged species having an isobaric interference, has the following consecutive steps: a) in the capillary of a capillary electrophoresis device, the solution to be analyzed is inserted contiguously between a terminating electrolyte and a leading electrolyte that, respectively, are placed after the inlet and before the outlet of the capillary and contain ions of the same charge but with mobility inferior and superior to those of said species; b) separating the species by using the capillary electrophoresis device according to the isotachophoresis mode; then c) in the continuity of the preceding step, performing an isotope measurement of the species detected in the form of a substantially constant amplitude signal by using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICPMS) connected by direct coupling with the capillary electrophoresis device.

Abstract: A method for encoding speech at a low bit rate. The method assembles parameters on N consecutive frames to form a super-frame. A vector quantization of transition frequencies of a voicing during each super-frame is made. Only the most frequent configurations are transmitted without deterioration and the least frequent configurations are replaced by the configuration that is the nearest in terms of absolute error among most frequent configurations. The pitch is encoded in carrying out a scalar quantization of only one value of the pitch for each super-frame. The energy is encoded in selecting only a reduced number of values in assembling these values in sub-packets quantized by vector quantization. The spectral envelope parameters are encoded by vector quantization in selecting only a determined number of filters. The untransmitted energy values are recovered in the synthesis part by interpolation or extrapolation from transmitted values. Such a method may find particular application in vocoders.

Abstract: A method for providing auditory correction for a hearing-impaired individual, including extracting pitch, voicing, energy and spectrum characteristics of an input speech signal. The method also includes modifying the extracted pitch characteristic by multiplying a pitch factor times the extracted pitch characteristic, modifying the extracted voicing characteristic by multiplying a voicing factor times the extracted voicing characteristic, modifying the extracted energy characteristic by applying a compression function to the extracted energy characteristic, and modifying the extracted spectrum characteristic by applying a homothetical compression function to the extracted spectrum characteristic. Further, a speech signal is reconstituted perceptible to the hearing-impaired individual based on the modified pitch, voicing, energy and spectrum characteristics.