Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a highly pure trifluoromethanesulphinic acid. The method of the invention for preparing a highly pure trifluoromethanesulphinic acid, starting from an aqueous mixture comprising a trifluoromethanesulphinic acid salt, a trifluoroacetic acid salt and saline impurities resulting from the method for preparing same, is characterized in that said mixture is subjected to the following operations:- acidification such that the trifluoroacetic acid salt and the triflinic acid salt are released in an acid form,- separation of the trifluoroacetic acid and trifluoromethanesulphinic acid by distillation enabling the trifluoroacetic acid to be recovered at the top of the distillation and the trifluoromethanesulphinic acid to be recovered at the bottom of the distillation,- separation by distillation of the trifluoromethanesulphinic acid present in the distillation residue previously obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a halogenoacetyl fluoride and the derivatives thereof. The inventive method for preparing a halogenoacetyl fluoride acid is characterised in that said method includes: a step of preparing a halogenoacetyl halide by photo-oxidation of a halogenoethylene compound in conditions such that the transformation rate of the halogenoethylene compound into halogenoacetyl halide is no higher than 80%, producing a reaction mixture essentially including halogenoacetyl halide and the excess halogenoethylene compound; a step of partial fluorination of the mixture obtained by reacting the latter with hydrofluoric acid suitable for obtaining a mixture of halogenoacetyl fluoride and the excess halogenoethylene compound; a step of separating the halogenoacetyl fluoride and the excess halogenoethylene compound. The invention can be used, specifically, for preparing the trichloroacetyl fluoride used as an intermediate species in the production of trifluoroacetic acid.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a method for the sulphonylation of a hydroxylated organic compound. The invention relates more particularly to a method for the trifluoromethanesulphonylation of a hydroxylated organic compound. The invention is especially intended for perfluorinated aliphatic hydroxylated compounds. The method of the invention for the sulphonylation of a hydroxylated organic compound is characterized in that it comprises reacting said compound with a sulphonylation agent in an organic medium and in the presence of a heterogeneous inorganic base.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a method for separating a carboxylic acid in salified form bearing at least one halogen atom at the ? position of the carbonyl group from a medium comprising it.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing difluoroacetic acid and the salts thereof. The invention also relates to the preparation of difluoroacetyl fluoride used as an intermediate product in the preparation of difluoroacetic acid. The method for preparing difluoroacetic acid according to the invention is characterised in that the same comprises the step of preparing difluoroacetyl fluoride by reacting dichloroacetyl chloride with hydrofluoric acid in a gaseous phase and in the presence of a chromium-based catalyst, followed by the step of hydrolysing the difluoroacetyl fluoride thus obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a salt of trifluoromethanesulphinic acid termed “triflinic acid”. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for preparing a highly pure triflinic acid salt.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for recovering fluorocarboxylic acids from aqueous compositions containing said acids. The invention more particularly relates to the recovery of flourocarboxylic acids forming an azeotrope with water by contact with a strong acid.

Abstract: The method comprises the steps of: establishing a flow of the medium under steady conditions through at least one region (6) of the microreactor; using analyzer means (11) to access the steady flow at least one point (61, 62); measuring at least one magnitude characteristic of the medium at the or each point (61, 62) by using the analyzer means (11); and determining (via 10?; BR) characteristics representative of the transformation as a function of the result of the or each measurement.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for phosgenation of monohydroxy alcohol's and/or polyols characterised in that it consists of treating alcohol and or polyol, whether in the presence of solvent or not, with a molar excess of phosgene, preferably 2 to 30 times more phosgene than the hydroxyl groups, at temperatures ranging between 0 and 200° C. and at pressure levels ranging between 2 and 60 bar, preferably in the absence of any catalyst. The method is further characterised in that pressure is further used to facilitate the separation of hydrochloric acid from phosgene, in a column external to the reactor.

Abstract: Process for the phosgenation of monocarboxylic acids and/or anhydrides, characterized in that the acid and/or the anhydride is treated, in the presence or absence of solvent, with a molar excess of phosgene, preferably 2 to 15 times as much phosgene as acid, at temperatures between 80 and 200.degree. C. and at pressures between 2 and 60 bar, with or without catalyst, preferably in the absence of any catalyst.Process furthermore characterized in that pressure is used to facilitate the separation of the hydrochloric acid, the carbon dioxide and the phosgene, in a column which is external to the reactor.

Abstract: The alkyl adipates are prepared by reacting admixture consisting essentially of alkyl 3-pentenoate and alkyl 2-pentenoate with carbon monoxide and an alcohol, at elevated temperature, under superatmospheric pressure and in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of cobalt or a cobalt compound and a nitrogenous heterocyclic base.

Abstract: Adipic acid is selectivity prepared by reacting water and carbon monoxide with at least one pentenic acid, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of an iridium-based catalyst and at least one iodinated promoter therefor at an elevated temperature, at a pressure greater than atmospheric and in at least one solvent medium which comprises a saturated aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon or halogenated derivative thereof, an aromatic hydrocarbon or halogenated derivative thereof, or an aliphatic, aromatic or mixed ether, and wherein the I/Ir atomic ratio is less than 20.

Abstract: Unsaturated carboxylic acids, e.g., pentenoic acids, are prepared by carbonylating an allylic butenol and/or carboxylate ester thereof with carbon monoxide, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of an iridium catalyst and an iodinated or brominated promoter therefor, and optionally, a copromoter, notably wherein the promoter/Ir molar ratio ranges from 0.1:1 to 20:1. The final product acids, e.g., 3-pentenoic acid, are themselves readily hydroxycarbonylated, for example, into adipic acid, via reaction with carbon monoxide and water.

Abstract: Adipic acid is selectively prepared via hydrocarboxylation of pentenoic acids, by reacting water and carbon monoxide with at least one pentenoic acid, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a rhodium-based catalyst and at least one iodinated promoter therefor, at a temperature ranging from 100.degree. to 240.degree. C. and a pressure greater than atmospheric, and wherein (a) such reaction is carried out in the absence of a third reaction solvent and (b) the carbon monoxide partial pressure, measured at 25.degree. C., is less than or equal to 20 bar.

Abstract: Adipic acid is prepared by hydrocarboxylating at least one pentenic acid in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of rhodium values, whether metallic rhodium or a compound thereof, and an iodine-containing promoter therefor, as well as in the presence of a cocatalytically effective amount of at least one of iridium, ruthenium, osmium or compound thereof.

Abstract: Adipic acid is selectively prepared by reacting water and carbon monoxide with at least one pentenic acid, in the presence of an iridium-based catalyst and at least one iodine-containing promoter therefor, at an elevated temperature, at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure, in a reaction medium comprising at least one saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid, ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid or aromatic carboxylic acid having not more than 20 carbon atoms, with the I/Ir atomic ratio being less than 10.

Abstract: Aromatic carbamates are selectively and actively prepared by reacting (a) at least one nitroaromatic compound with (b) carbon monoxide and (c) at least one organic compound bearing at least one hydroxyl group, in the presence of:(d) a palladium-based catalyst,(e) at least one coordinate of the formula: ##STR1## in which each of G and G', which may be identical or different, is a bridging group which contains 3 or 4 atoms, at least 2 of which are carbon atoms, with the proviso that G and G' may be linked to each other, and(f) at least one protonic acid in which no proton is linked to a halogen atom, and wherein the amount of palladium present in the reaction medium is less than or equal to 0.01 mole per liter of such reaction medium and the reaction is carried out such that:(i) either the molar ratio (H.sup.+ /Pd) is higher than 150, and/or(ii) the molar ratio (coordinate/Pd) is higher than 20.

Abstract: Novel linear or branched O.sub.2 -curable polyorganosiloxanes containing propanaldehyde functional groups and at least three recurring siloxyl units per molecule, at least one unit of which corresponds to the general formula: ##EQU1## in which X is the radical --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 CHO or the radical ##STR1## and R is a monovalent hydrocarbon residue containing from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, are prepared by hydroformylation of the corresponding polyorganosiloxane in an organic phase by means of a catalyst system which is soluble in the organic phase but insoluble in aqueous phase, such catalyst system including a rhodium/sulfonated or carboxylated triarylphospine salt complex.

Abstract: The N-arylsubstituted amides, e.g.

Abstract: Hydroxybenzaldehydes, e.g., vanillin, are prepared by hydrocarbonylating a corresponding halophenol, e.g., 4-bromo-2-methoxyphenol, in the presence of (a) a tertiary amine, (b) a catalyst based on a noble metal, and (c) a phosphine.