Abstract: The present invention provides vaccination methods using microneedle arrays which, when applied to the skin of a subject, create a defined total pore volume. Arrays may be chosen of varying total microneedle volumes (small, intermediate or large) for use in immunisation regimes to induce different T-cell and antibody responses in the subject. The present invention also provides kits for use in such vaccination method(s) comprising the appropriate microneedle array(s).

Abstract: A method for producing a thermo-stable biodegradable medium for storage of biological materials is disclosed. The method includes the preparation of a bio polymer as a matrix for biological materials. The biological material can be selected from a wide range which includes cellular organisms and micro-organisms. The medium can be used for medium to long term storage of material at room temperature with a half life of 50% for up to 6 months. The medium is water soluble and can be used as a fertilizer, spray or an inoculant.

Abstract: A method for producing a thermo-stable biodegradable medium for storage of biological materials is disclosed. The medium contains a bio polymer selected from the group of xanthan gum, acacia gum, guar gum, gellan, starch or a combination thereof. The biological material can be a wide range of materials including; a bio-inoculant such as Rhizobium, a vaccine, a microorganism, an enzyme, a protein or a pharmaceutical. The medium can be used for medium to long term storage of material at room temperature with a half life of 50% for up to 6 months. The medium is water soluble and can be used as a fertilizer, spray or an inoculant.

Abstract: A method of producing a thermo-stable biodegradable thermo-stable biomatrix for storage of biological materials in disclosed. The biomatrix contains a bio-polymer selected from the group of xanthan gum, acacia gum, guar gum, gellan, starch or a combination therof. The biological material can be a wide range of materials including; a bio-inoculant such as Rhizobium, or any microorganism or cellular organism. The biomatrix can be formulated for fast or slow release of the biological materials and maintains activity of the biological materials after being stored for months. In use the biomatrix can be applied in the form of a pellet or mixed with liquid and applied to seeds, plants or soil.