Abstract: A gas cell (1) for the spectroscopic, in particular absorption spectroscopic, analysis of a gas, in which the gas is exposed to an incident beam of rays (S) of electromagnetic radiation and a beam of rays (SA) of electromagnetic radiation exiting the gas is detected to form a measurement signal, wherein the gas cell (1) comprises a body (10) formed by a porous, electromagnetic radiation-scattering material, an in-coupling device (20) for coupling the incident beam of rays (S) into the gas cell (1) and an out-coupling device (30) for coupling the exiting beam of rays (SA) out of the gas cell (1), wherein, according to the invention, the gas cell is further developed according to the invention by forming a material-free cavity (12) in the body (10), which is surrounded by an inner surface (14) running within the material and is both diffusely reflecting and transmitting the electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: A gas measurement system as disclosed can include a coherent light source, which emits a light beam; a detector; a beam path formed between the light source) and the detector; and a gas cell arranged in the beam path such that the detector receives light transmitted through the gas cell. The gas cell can include a porous ceramic and have an optical path length which is a multiple of the actual layer thickness of the gas cell. A optical element can be arranged in the beam path between the light source and the gas cell with the light beam emitted by the light being widened and unfocussed as the light beam enters the gas cell.

Abstract: A gas measurement system as disclosed can include a coherent light source, which emits a light beam; a detector; a beam path formed between the light source) and the detector; and a gas cell arranged in the beam path such that the detector receives light transmitted through the gas cell. The gas cell can include a porous ceramic and have an optical path length which is a multiple of the actual layer thickness of the gas cell. A optical element can be arranged in the beam path between the light source and the gas cell with the light beam emitted by the light being widened and unfocussed as the light beam enters the gas cell.

Abstract: A sensor (202) uses an optical-sensing technique for determining more than one parameter in a measurement medium (204). The sensor has an optochemical sensitive element (208) with a first sensing layer (228) and a second sensing layer (230). Each of the sensing layers is arranged on a substrate (222). The first sensing layer has a first indicator (236) that determines a first parameter and the second sensing layer has a second indicator (238) that determines a second parameter in the measurement medium.

Abstract: An optochemical sensing device has source that emits radiation of a first and a second predetermined intensity, a detector, and a sensitive element that comprises a signal substance. To measure an analyte in a measurement medium, the sensitive element is contacted with the analyte. A first raw signal, which is dependent on the analyte content is obtained by exciting the signal substance with radiation of the first predetermined intensity. At a later time, a second raw signal is also obtained. A comparison of the raw signals yields a comparison value, which is compared against a predetermined limit value. If the comparison value exceeds the limit value, the radiation source is set at the first intensity. If the comparison value is smaller than the limit value, the radiation source is set at the lower second intensity. Using the lower radiation intensity prolongs the life of the sensitive element.

Abstract: A sensor unit for attachment to a container such as a bag or other vessel used to retain material includes a clamping mechanism for attaching the sensor unit to the container. The clamping mechanism may be configured to break or provide an indication that the connection between the sensor and container has broken that is visually detectable before a leak of material occurs or is detectable by a person visually monitoring the container or sensor. Such an indication can also indicate that the sensor was previously used and should not be used again for single use applications. Such a visual indicator is separate and different from seeing an actual leak and permits an event that may desterilize material within the container or lead to other problems to be corrected prior to use of a single use reaction system.

Abstract: A magnet arrangement (M, M?, M?, M??) for generating a magnetic field in the direction of a z-axis in a working volume (V) disposed on the z-axis about z=0, with a magnet coil system (A, A?, A?, A??) which comprises one or more superconducting magnet partial coil systems (A1, A1?, A1?, A1??, A2??, . . ., An??), each forming superconductingly short-circuited current paths in the operating state, and with a further coil system (C, C?, C?, C??) which can be charged or discharged independently of the magnet coil system (A, A?, A?, A??) and comprises a first and a second partial coil system (C1, C2, C1? C2?, C1?, C2?, C1??, C2??), wherein the first partial coil system (C1, C1?, C1?, C1??) and the second partial coil system (C2, C2?, C2?, C2??) each comprise at least one coil, wherein all coils of the further coil system (C, C?, C?, C??) are connected in series, wherein gCeff,diamag>0.1 mT/A, is characterized in that gC1eff,diamag>0.1 mT/A, gC2eff,diamag>0.

Abstract: A magnet arrangement (M, M?, M?, M??) for generating a magnetic field in the direction of a z-axis in a working volume (V) disposed on the z-axis about z=0, with a magnet coil system (A, A?, A?, A??) which comprises one or more superconducting magnet partial coil systems (A1, A1?, A1?, A1??, A2??, . . . , An??), each forming superconductingly short-circuited current paths in the operating state, and with a further coil system (C, C?, C?, C??) which can be charged or discharged independently of the magnet coil system (A, A?, A?, A??) and comprises a first and a second partial coil system (C1, C2, C1? C2?, C1?, C2?, C1??, C2??), wherein the first partial coil system (C1, C1?, C1?, C1??) and the second partial coil system (C2, C2?, C2?, C2??) each comprise at least one coil, wherein all coils of the further coil system (C, C?, C?, C??) are connected in series, wherein gCeff,diamag>0.1 mT/A, is characterized in that gC1eff,diamag>0.1 mT/A, gC2eff,diamag>0.

Abstract: A magnet arrangement comprising a superconducting magnet coil system (M) for generating a magnetic field in the direction of a horizontal z-axis in a working volume (V) disposed along the z-axis about z=0 with at least one radial access to the working volume (V) perpendicular to the z-axis, wherein the magnet coil system comprises at least one partial coil winding (A1a, A1b) disposed coaxially about the z-axis at z>0, and at least one partial coil winding (B1a, B1b) disposed coaxially about the z-axis at z<0, is characterized in that at least one of the partial coil windings (A1a, A1b) at z>0 as well as at least one of the partial coil windings (B1a, B1b) at z<0 are supported by a common coil body (K1), wherein the coil body (K1) has at least one opening (O1) at z=0, which permits radial access to the working volume (V), wherein the coil body (K1) supports the axial magnetic forces between the partial coil windings and wherein the coil body is force-fit mechanically connected to a first side plate