Abstract: The fiber optic probe (7) comprises: a first optical fiber (9) to convey an electromagnetic radiation towards a measuring area at an exit end of said first optical fiber (9); a second optical fiber (11) to collect an electromagnetic radiation from said measuring area, the second optical fiber comprising an entrance end arranged in the measuring area and adjacent to the exit end of the first optical fiber. The exit end of the first optical fiber and the entrance end of the second optical fiber (11) are treated so that at least part of the electromagnetic radiation conveyed along the first optical fiber exits laterally from the first optical fiber and enters laterally in the second optical fiber. Moreover, in the measuring area an indicating material (15) is arranged, indicating a parameter to be measured with the probe.

Abstract: A power generating apparatus of renewable energy type includes a rotating shaft rotated by the renewable energy received via a blade, a hydraulic pump driven by the rotating shaft to generate pressurized oil, hydraulic motors driven by the pressurized oil, and synchronous generators connected to a grid without an intervening frequency-conversion circuit and respectively coupled to the hydraulic motors. The displacements of the hydraulic motors are adjusted independently by a motor control unit. A synchronizer supplies a command value of the displacement of each hydraulic motor to the motor control unit so that before the synchronous generators are connected to the grid, a frequency and a phase of a terminal voltage of each synchronous generator are synchronized with the grid.

Abstract: The fiber optic probe (7) comprises: a first optical fiber (9) to convey an electromagnetic radiation towards a measuring area at an exit end of said first optical fiber (9); a second optical fiber (11) to collect an electromagnetic radiation from said measuring area, the second optical fiber comprising an entrance end arranged in the measuring area and adjacent to the exit end of the first optical fiber. The exit end of the first optical fiber and the entrance end of the second optical fiber (11) are treated so that at least part of the electromagnetic radiation conveyed along the first optical fiber exits laterally from the first optical fiber and enters laterally in the second optical fiber. Moreover, in the measuring area an indicating material (15) is arranged, indicating a parameter to be measured with the probe.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a power generating apparatus of renewable energy type and an operation method of the power generating apparatus, which can achieve both variable speed operation and grid connection without a frequency converting circuit and which uses a hydraulic transmission. In the power generating apparatus of renewable energy type 1, renewable energy received via a blade 4 is transmitted to a synchronous generator 20 via a rotating shaft 8 and a hydraulic transmission 10. The synchronous generator 20 is driven by a hydraulic motor 14 of the hydraulic transmission 10 to generate power. The synchronous generator 20 is connected to a grid without a frequency converting circuit and the power generated by the synchronous generator 20 is supplied to the grid 50. The power generating apparatus 1 is also provided with a transmission controller 40 which controls the hydraulic transmission 10.

Abstract: A description is given of a method for the construction of a fiber-optic sensor in which a chromophore is fixed on a support and said support is linked to at least one optical fiber for the transmission and reception of a light signal. According to the invention, the end of the optical fiber (F) is heated and brought to a softening temperature, and the support (S) is immobilized on the optical fiber (F) by partially incorporating it in the softened portion of the optical fiber and subsequently cooling and solidifying the optical fiber.

Abstract: According to the method of detecting enterogastric reflux, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation by the gastric juice is measured at at least two wavelengths of the said radiation, one of said wavelengths corresponding to an absorption peak of a component of the bile and the other having a wavelength value at which the absorption is unaffected by the concentration of bile.