Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for command scheduling for a memory system are described. A memory system may be configured to analyze a received command during an initialization procedure for one or more components. In some examples, the memory system may initialize an interface and one or more processing elements as part of an initialization procedure upon transitioning from a first power mode to a second power mode. Accordingly, the command may be analyzed while the processing elements are being initialized such that, upon the processing elements being fully initialized, the command may be processed (e.g., executed).

Abstract: A method of recording intracellular action potentials in electrogenic cells through pores in membranes of cells formed by optoporation includes positioning a sample that includes the cells on a multi-electrode array; incubating or perfusing the sample; focusing a laser on the surface of the array electrodes, the surface contacting the sample; applying one or more laser pulses to one or more array electrodes to perform a localized breakdown of the membrane of the cells of the sample; and recording the intracellular action potentials. The surface of the electrodes is porous and has cavities and protrusions at the nanoscale level, and the electric field produced by the laser is localized and amplified to perform the localized breakdown of the membrane of the cells of the sample.

Abstract: A microfluidic device comprises a lower layer that is electrically conductive and transparent with respect to an incident optical beam, an upper layer, comprising first portions that are electrically conductive and second portions that are electrically insulating, adjacent and alternated to the first ones; a compartment interposed between the lower layer and the upper layer seamlessly extending between the lower layer and the upper layer; the compartment contains a filler medium that is transparent with respect to the incident optical beam and markers dispersed in the filler medium; the markers are electrically charged and are adapted to move inside the compartment in all directions in variable amounts according to the intensity of the electrical signal applied and to emit an optical emission beam when lit by an incident optical beam.

Abstract: A microfluidic device comprises a lower layer that is electrically conductive and transparent with respect to an incident optical beam, an upper layer, comprising first portions that are electrically conductive and second portions that are electrically insulating, adjacent and alternated to the first ones; a compartment seamlessly extending between the lower layer and the upper layer; the compartment contains a filler medium configured to emit an optical emission beam and markers dispersed in the filler medium, which are electrically charged and are adapted to move inside the compartment in all directions according to the intensity of the electrical signal applied to the first portions, the filler medium is configured to interact with the markers to increase or decrease the intensity of the optical emission beam according to the local concentration of the markers.

Abstract: A microfluidic device comprises electrically conductive lower portions, transparent to an incident optical beam; first upper portions electrically conductive and configured to receive an electrical signal; shielding portions opaque to the incident optical beam and arranged between the first upper portions and the lower portions, the shielding portions having one or more through openings; one or more compartments containing a filler means and markers dispersed in filler means. Each compartment comprises at least one lower chamber and at least one upper chamber in fluid communication with each other via said one or more through openings. Each lower chamber extends between a respective through opening and the lower portions and each upper chamber extends between at least one respective through opening and the first upper portions.

Abstract: A method of recording intracellular action potentials in electrogenic cells through pores in membranes of cells formed by optoporation includes positioning a sample that includes the cells on a multi-electrode array; incubating or perfusing the sample; focusing a laser on the surface of the array electrodes, the surface contacting the sample; applying one or more laser pulses to one or more array electrodes to perform a localized breakdown of the membrane of the cells of the sample; and recording the intracellular action potentials. The surface of the electrodes is porous and has cavities and protrusions at the nanoscale level, and the electric field produced by the laser is localized and amplified to perform the localized breakdown of the membrane of the cells of the sample.

Abstract: Carbon doped TiO2—Bronze nanostructures, preferably nanowires were synthesized via a facile doping mechanism and were exploited as active material for Li-ion batteries. Both the wire geometry and the presence of carbon doping contribute to high electrochemical performance of these materials. Direct carbon doping for example reduces the Li-ion diffusion length and improves the electrical conductivity of the wires, as demonstrated by cycling experiments, which evidenced remarkably higher capacities and superior rate capability over the undoped nanowires. The as prepared carbon-doped nanowires, evaluated in lithium half-cells, exhibited lithium storage capacity of ˜306 mA h g?1 (91% of the theoretical capacity) at the current rate of 0.1C as well as excellent discharge capacity of ˜160 mAh g?1 even at the current rate of 10C after 1000 charge/discharge cycles.

Abstract: Methods are provided for obtaining hollow nano-structures which include the steps of providing a suspended film starting layer on a support substrate, depositing on the starting layer a sacrificial layer, performing, in progressive sequence, a complete erosion phase of said support substrate and starting layer and performing an at least partial erosion phase of the sacrificial layer previously deposited on the starting layer so as to obtain holes passing through the starting layer and passing or non passing through the sacrificial layer, depositing, on the side of the support substrate opposite to that where the starting layer is put, at least one covering layer arranged to internally cover the holes created by the progressive erosion. Hollow nano-structures formed by such methods are also provided.

Abstract: Concentrator and locator device (1) of a solute comprising a substrate (2) and a plurality of prismatic lithographic micro-structures (4) orthogonally emerging from the substrate (2). The microstructures (4) are spaced from one another in a periodical manner so as to make such a substrate (2) super-hydrophobic.

Abstract: Methods are provided for obtaining hollow nano-structures which include the steps of providing a suspended film starting layer on a support substrate, depositing on the starting layer a sacrificial layer, performing, in progressive sequence, a complete erosion phase of said support substrate and starting layer and performing an at least partial erosion phase of the sacrificial layer previously deposited on the starting layer so as to obtain holes passing through the starting layer and passing or non passing through the sacrificial layer, depositing, on the side of the support substrate opposite to that where the starting layer is put, at least one covering layer arranged to internally cover the holes created by the progressive erosion. Hollow nano-structures formed by such methods are also provided.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a photonic crystal device provided with a plasmonic waveguide includes: preparing a membrane; applying, in a programmed manner, a focused ion beam on the membrane, in a manner such as to obtain a photonic crystal made up by a regular planar arrangement of through holes positioned according to a preset lattice and also comprising a resonant cavity. The method also provides a conic plasmonic waveguide at the resonant cavity, through chemical vapour deposition induced by a focused electron beam. The focused electron beam that induces la deposition is controlled in such a manner to gradually reduce the transverse section of the electron beam starting from the base up to the tip of the projecting structure, maintaining the position of the electron beam constant.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing an optical detection device includes producing metal nanospheres on a substrate (2). The process also includes the following operations: producing (100) on the substrate (2) lithographic nanostructures (4a, 4b, 4c) capable of receiving the metal nanospheres,—performing (102) a self-aggregative deposition of at least one metal in such a way as to create a respective metal nanosphere in each lithographic nanostructure (4a, 4b, 4c).

Abstract: Concentrator and locator device (1) of a solute comprising a substrate (2) and a plurality of prismatic lithographic micro-structures (4) orthogonally emerging from the substrate (2). The microstructures (4) are spaced from one another in a periodical manner so as to make such a substrate (2) super-hydrophobic.

Abstract: R or S aminocarnitine, R or S phosphonium aminocarnitine and R and S 3,4 diaminobutanoic acid, and their derivatives are prepared using starting from aspartic acid with the same configuration as the desired compounds. This process is advantageous from the industrial point of view in terms of the type of reactants used, the reduced volumes of solvents and the possibility of avoiding purification of the intermediate products.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of R or S aminocarnitine, R or S phosphonium aminocarnitine and R and S 3,4 diaminobutanoic acid, and their derivatives with the following formula: 1

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of R or S aminocarnitine, R or S phosphonium aminocarnitine and R and S 3,4 diaminobutanoic acid, and their derivatives with the following formula: 1

Abstract: R or S aminocarnitine and their derivatives with formula (I) where Y is as described in the description, starting with aspartic acid with the same configuration as the aminocarnitine desired. This process has advantage in the type of reactants used, reduced volumes of solvents and the possibility of avoiding purification of intermediate products.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein the groups are as defined in the description are disclosed. The compounds of formula (I) are endowed with reversible inhibiting activity of carnitine palmitoyl-transferase and are useful in the preparation of medicaments useful in the pathologies related to a hyperactivity of carnitine palmitoyl-transferase, such as hyperglycemia, diabetes and pathologies related thereto, heart failure, ischemia.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein the groups are as defined in the description are disclosed. The compounds of formula (I) are endowed with reversible inhibiting activity of carnitine palmitoyl-transferase and are useful in the preparation of medicaments useful in the pathologies related to a hyperactivity of carnitine palmitoyl-transferase, such as hyperglycemia, diabetes and pathologies related thereto, heart failure, ischemia.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein the groups are as defined in the description are disclosed. The compounds of formula (I) are endowed with reversible inhibiting activity of carnitine palmitoyl-transferase and are useful in the preparation of medicaments useful in the pathologies related to a hyperactivity of carnitine polymitoyl-transferase, such as hyperglycemia, diabetes and pathologies related thereto, heart failure, ischemia.