Abstract: A braking installation (1) includes a pneumatic brake pipe (BP) which extends along the train, and wherein the pressure is controlled by a braking control apparatus (BCA) in the locomotive (L), an electrical power supply and communication line (EL) which extends along the train, and which is coupled to an electronic control unit (ECU) in the locomotive (L); and in each wagon (W) or in each group of wagons (W), an electronic module (EM) coupled to the electrical line (EL) through power supply and communication interface devices (I, I1), and further connected to an electro-pneumatic control assembly (EPC) designed for driving pneumatic brake valve means (ELV).

Abstract: The braking installation (1) comprises a pneumatic brake pipe (BP) which extends along the train, and wherein the pressure is controlled by a braking control apparatus (BCA) in the locomotive (L), an electrical power supply and communication line (EL) which extends along the train, and which is coupled to an electronic control unit (ECU) in the locomotive (L); and in each wagon (W) or in each group of wagons (W) associated with each other, an electronic module (EM) coupled to the electrical line (EL) through power supply and communication interface devices (I, I1), and further connected to an electro-pneumatic control assembly (EPC) designed for driving pneumatic brake valve means (ELV).

Abstract: Carbon fiber precursors are stabilized regarding their mechanical properties by conducting the stabilization procedure in at least two steps, the first at a temperature at which the maximum plasticity of the polymer is attained while stretching the fiber 10-50% and the second at 200.degree.-300.degree. C., but higher than the first.

Abstract: Use of special pin insert in the counterbore-orifice combination of a conventional spinnerette plate provides open structure fibers.

Abstract: Extrusion of a single phase melt of acrylonitrile polymer and water directly into a steam-pressurized solidification zone and stretching the nascent extrudate in at least three stages while it remains within the solidification zone provides fiber which is readily relaxed.

Abstract: Use of a high tenacity acrylonitrile polymer fiber in a reinforced plastic composition based on a thermosetting resin produces high tensile impact at low fiber usage.

Abstract: Use of special pin insert in the counterbore-orifice combination of a conventional spinnerette plate provides open structure fibers.

Abstract: Orientation stretching of acrylonitrile polymer fiber spun from a polymer-water melt directly into a steam-pressurized solidification zone is more readily accomplished when hot, liquid water is used to wet the fiber being processed at or before the stretch rolls.

Abstract: A fiber tow bundle passing from a high pressure zone through the passageway of a sealing zone to a low pressure zone provides an effective pressure seal when liquid water under pressure diffuses through the surface of the passageway as the fiber tow bundle passes therethrough.

Abstract: Use of a vertically disposed compression zone for providing a fusion melt of acrylonitrile polymer and water in conjunction with melt spinning provides reduced bubble count in the resulting fiber.