Abstract: An apparatus includes first and second glass panes separated by a gap, a resistive layer in the gap adjacent to the first glass pane, a controller configured to supply electric current to the resistive layer to heat air in the gap, and first and second openings allowing air to enter and exit the gap. A method performed using the apparatus is also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides a blast resistant assembly for use as a window, door, or the like, that is capable of withstanding a bomb blast, hurricane, tornado, or other strong force. The assembly includes a composite panel that comprises a glass sheet bonded to a polymeric layer, and a frame that surrounds the composite panel. In the event of an explosion or other strong force, the composite panel is secured within the frame by one or more retainers. Each retainer includes an extension that is embedded within the polymeric layer. The composite panel may also be pivotally mounted to the frame to facilitate deflection of the composite panel during a blast, and to provide a means for emergency exit.