Abstract: A method is proposed to induce the sensation of movement in subjects in flight simulators and in cosmonauts, creating a cognitive simulation of movement through the Vestibular Electrical Stimulation. The system consists of a control unit, a function generator and a power amplifier. The device injects electric current over the mastoid process (galvanic vestibular stimulation), capable of activating the neurons of the vestibular system and inducing a movement sensation, in coordination with a flight simulation program or subject's movement in the simulator. The use of the device modifies eye movement control responses, electrically activating the vestibular-ocular, vestibulo-colic and vestibule-spinal reflexes. The main purpose of this device is to provide sensory input to enhance the experience in pilots during flight training or in microgravity.

Abstract: A method is proposed to induce the sensation of movement in subjects in flight simulators and in cosmonauts, creating a cognitive simulation of movement through the Vestibular Electrical Stimulation. The system consists of a control unit, a function generator and a power amplifier. The device injects electric current over the mastoid process (galvanic vestibular stimulation), capable of activating the neurons of the vestibular system and inducing a movement sensation, in coordination with a flight simulation program or subject's movement in the simulator. The use of the device modifies eye movement control responses, electrically activating the vestibular-ocular, vestibulo-colic and vestibule-spinal reflexes. The main purpose of this device is to provide sensory input to enhance the experience in pilots during flight training or in microgravity.

Abstract: An optical fiber sensor system comprising of an optical fiber including plurality of sensitive elements, each sensitive element has characteristic spectral band which in normal undisturbed condition lies in a first wavelength range and, under an influence of some specified condition to be detected, shifts to a second wavelength range; first and second wavelength ranges do not overlap. Means for probing an optical transmission or reflection of the fiber operate within second wavelength range to monitor the changes of the transparency or reflectivity of the fiber caused by the shift of characteristic spectral band into the second wavelength range. The invention provides means for distributed monitoring of equipment or construction structures and detection of specified conditions and can provide alarm signal when the specified conditions become effective.

Abstract: An optical fiber sensor system comprising of an optical fiber including plurality of sensitive elements, each sensitive element has characteristic spectral band which in normal undisturbed condition lies in a first wavelength range and, under an influence of some specified condition to be detected, shifts to a second wavelength range; first and second wavelength ranges do not overlap. Means for probing an optical transmission or reflection of the fiber operate within second wavelength range to monitor the changes of the transparency or reflectivity of the fiber caused by the shift of characteristic spectral band into the second wavelength range.