Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the purification of raw syngas comprising the steps of (a) contacting the raw syngas with water to remove soot, resulting in a soot-rich waste water and a soot-lean syngas; (b) cooling the soot-lean syngas resulting from step (a) to a temperature in the range of from (20) to (50)° C.; and (c) contacting the cooled soot-lean syngas resulting from step (b) with water to remove HCN and NH3 resulting in clean syngas and HCN/NH3-rich waste water, wherein: (i) in step (a) the raw syngas is cooled below its dew point by its contact with water; (ii) the HCN/NH3-rich waste water resulting from step (c) is passed through at least one stripping column resulting in a clean water stream and a waste stream; and (iii) at least 50% (v/v) part of the clean water stream is recycled to step (c).

Abstract: The invention is directed to a burner for the gasification of a solid fuel, comprising a burner front having an opening for discharging a solid fuel, wherein the opening for discharging the solid fuel is fluidly connected to a central passage way and wherein the central passage way has a downstream part wherein the diameter of the passage way increases over a first length and subsequently decreases over a second length terminating at the burner front and wherein inside the downstream part of the central passage way a hollow member is positioned, and wherein the hollow member has an internal increasing diameter and inner decreasing diameter aligned with the increasing and decreasing diameter of the hollow member and wherein the connecting conduits have a discharge opening positioned in the diverging part of the hollow member.

Abstract: A reactor vessel for performing a steam reforming reaction having a vessel inlet for natural gas and steam; a vessel inlet for a hot gaseous medium; a vessel outlet for the steam reforming product; and a reactor space which is a bed of steam reforming catalyst, which reactor space inlet is fluidly connected to the inlet for natural gas and steam and at its outlet end fluidly connected with the outlet for the gaseous product; wherein inside the catalyst bed a passageway is provided fluidly connected to the vessel inlet for the hot gaseous medium for passage of hot gaseous mixture counter currently to the flow of reactants in the catalyst bed.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a burner for the gasification of a solid fuel, comprising a burner front having an opening for discharging a solid fuel, wherein the opening for discharging the solid fuel is fluidly connected to a central passage way and wherein the central passage way has a downstream part wherein the diameter of the passage way increases over a first length and subsequently decreases over a second length terminating at the burner front and wherein inside the downstream part of the central passage way a hollow member is positioned, and wherein the hollow member has an internal increasing diameter and inner decreasing diameter aligned with the increasing and decreasing diameter of the hollow member and wherein the connecting conduits have a discharge opening positioned in the diverging part of the hollow member.

Abstract: A method and system for producing synthesis gas comprising CO, CO2, and H2 from a carbonaceous stream using an oxygen containing stream. A stream containing a carbonaceous material, and a stream containing oxygen are injected into a gasification reactor, where the carbonaceous stream is partially oxidised to obtain a raw synthesis gas. The raw synthesis gas is removed from the gasification reactor and directed into a quenching section wherein a liquid, preferably water, is injected in the form of a mist.

Abstract: A method and system for producing synthesis gas comprising CO, CO2, and H2 from a carbonaceous stream using an oxygen containing stream. A stream containing a carbonaceous material, and a stream containing oxygen are injected into a gasification reactor, where the carbonaceous stream is partially oxidized to obtain a raw synthesis gas. The raw synthesis gas is removed from the gasification reactor and directed into a quenching section wherein a liquid, preferably water, is injected in the form of a mist.

Abstract: A process to prepare a paraffinic hydrocarbon from a solid carbonaceous feedstock, preferably coal by performing the following steps, (a) feeding an oxygen comprising gas and the carbonaceous feedstock to a burner positioned horizontal and firing into a reactor vessel, (b) performing a partial oxidation of the carbonaceous feedstock in said burner to obtain a stream of hot synthesis gas which flows upwardly relative to the burner and a liquid slag which flows downwardly relative to the burner, (c) cooling the hot synthesis gas by first cooling the gas to a temperature of between 500 and 900° C. by injecting a gaseous or liquid cooling medium into the synthesis gas and subsequently second cooling the gas in to below 500° C.

Abstract: Process to reduce the temperature of a hydrogen and carbon monoxide containing gas by contacting the gas with a metal alloy surface having a lower temperature than the temperature of the gas, wherein the metal alloy surface comprises between 0 and 20 wt % iron, between 0 and 5 wt % aluminium, between 0 and 5 wt % silicon, between 20 and 50 wt % chromium and at least 35 wt % nickel, wherein the metal alloy surface maintains it lower temperature than the temperature of the gas by making use of coolant water.

Abstract: A process to reduce the temperature of a hydrogen and carbon monoxide containing gas by contacting the gas with a metal alloy surface having a lower temperature than the temperature of the gas, wherein the metal alloy surface has between 0 and 20 wt % iron, between 0 and 5 wt % aluminium, between 0 and 5 wt % silicon, between 20 and 50 wt % chromium and at least 35 wt % nickel, wherein the metal alloy surface maintains it lower temperature than the temperature of the gas by making use of coolant water.

Abstract: A reactor vessel for performing a steam reforming reaction having a vessel inlet for natural gas and steam; a vessel inlet for a hot gaseous medium; a vessel outlet for the steam reforming product; and a reactor space which is a bed of steam reforming catalyst, which reactor space inlet is fluidly connected to the inlet for natural gas and steam and at its outlet end fluidly connected with the outlet for the gaseous product; wherein inside the catalyst bed a passageway is provided fluidly connected to the vessel inlet for the hot gaseous medium for passage of hot gaseous mixture counter currently to the flow of reactants in the catalyst bed.

Abstract: A reactor vessel for performing a steam reforming reaction having a vessel inlet for natural gas and steam; a vessel inlet for a hot gaseous medium; a vessel outlet for the steam reforming product; and a reactor space which is a bed of steam reforming catalyst, which reactor space inlet is fluidly connected to the inlet for natural gas and steam and at its outlet end fluidly connected with the outlet for the gaseous product; wherein inside the catalyst bed a passageway is provided fluidly connected to the vessel inlet for the hot gaseous medium for passage of hot gaseous mixture counter currently to the flow of reactants in the catalyst bed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of hydrogen and carbon monoxide containing gas from a gaseous hydrocarbon feedstock by performing the following steps: (a) partial oxidation of part of the feedstock thereby obtaining a first gaseous mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide; and, (b) catalytic steam reforming of part of the gaseous feedstock in a Convective Steam Reformer having a tubular reactor provided with one or more tubes containing a reforming catalyst, wherein the exterior of the tubes of the tubular reactor is used to cool the hot gas as obtained in step (a) and wherein the exterior of the tubes is a metal alloy surface having between 0 wt % and 20 wt % iron.

Abstract: A process to prepare a paraffinic hydrocarbon from a solid carbonaceous feedstock, preferably coal by performing the following steps, (a) feeding an oxygen comprising gas and the carbonaceous feedstock to a burner positioned horizontal and firing into a reactor vessel, (b) performing a partial oxidation of the carbonaceous feedstock in said burner to obtain a stream of hot synthesis gas which flows upwardly relative to the burner and a liquid slag which flows downwardly relative to the burner, (c) cooling the hot synthesis gas by first cooling the gas to a temperature of between 500 and 900° C. by injecting a gaseous or liquid cooling medium into the synthesis gas and subsequently second cooling the gas in to below 500° C.

Abstract: An apparatus for heating steam formed from cooling water in a heat exchanger for hot gas, having a super heater arranged in the heat exchanger vessel, a process for heating steam performed in such an apparatus, and a process for gasification of a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock having such a process for heating steam.

Abstract: A process for heating steam, in which steam is obtained by indirect heat exchange between liquid water and a hot gas; (b) the steam obtained in step (a) is heated by indirect heat exchange with the partly cooled hot gas obtained in step (a); and (c) additional water is added to the steam obtained in step (a) prior to or during heating the steam in step (b).

Abstract: A process to reduce the temperature of a hydrogen and carbon monoxide containing gas by contacting the gas with a metal alloy surface having a lower temperature than the temperature of the gas, wherein the metal alloy surface has between 0 and 20 wt % iron, between 0 and 5 wt % aluminium, between 0 and 5 wt % silicon, between 20 and 50 wt % chromium and at least 35 wt % nickel, wherein the metal alloy surface maintains it lower temperature than the temperature of the gas by making use of coolant water.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of hydrogen and carbon monoxide containing gas from a gaseous hydrocarbon feedstock by performing the following steps:

Abstract: An apparatus for heating steam formed from cooling water in a heat exchanger for hot gas, having a super heater arranged in the heat exchanger vessel, a process for heating steam performed in such an apparatus, and a process for gasification of a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock having such a process for heating steam.

Abstract: An apparatus for heating steam formed from cooling water in a heat exchanger for hot gas, having a superheater arranged in the heat exchanger vessel; a process for heating steam performed in such an apparatus; and a process for gasification of a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock involving such a process for heating steam.

Abstract: A process for heating steam, wherein(a) steam is obtained by indirect heat exchange between liquid water and a hot gas,(b) the steam obtained in step (a) is heated by indirect heat exchange with the partly cooled hot gas obtained in step (a),(c) additional water is added to the steam obtained in step (a) prior to or during heating the steam in step (b).