Abstract: An authentication method involves comparing a 2D description of an authentication device, referred to as a subsequent description, with an original 2D description by choosing, from several previously established original 2D descriptions, a 2D description established from a point of view similar to the one used to establish the subsequent 2D description. Advantageously, the optical characteristics of the authentication device vary so little when it is viewed from neighboring points of view that the device can be recognized from most of the points of view, and the original 2D descriptions have been established from neighboring points of view, which form a substantially continuous domain. In an improved version, a three-dimensional description of the authentication device, referred to as a 3D description, is reconstructed from several original 2D descriptions, which makes it possible to predict the appearance thereof from a plurality of different points of view.

Abstract: An authentication method involves comparing a 2D description of an authentication device, referred to as a subsequent description, with an original 2D description by choosing, from several previously established original 2D descriptions, a 2D description established from a point of view similar to the one used to establish the subsequent 2D description. Advantageously, the optical characteristics of the authentication device vary so little when it is viewed from neighboring points of view that the device can be recognized from most of the points of view, and the original 2D descriptions have been established from neighboring points of view, which form a substantially continuous domain. In an improved version, a three-dimensional description of the authentication device, referred to as a 3D description, is reconstructed from several original 2D descriptions, which makes it possible to predict the appearance thereof from a plurality of different points of view.

Abstract: A rolling element that touches the ground only via a limited contact area, offering the same advantages of comfort and handling as large diameter wheels, but occupying a far smaller amount of space. The track cooperates with a main roller and at least one secondary roller, the axes of rotation of which are distant by a constant distance, the tracks touching the ground only when the vehicle encounters an obstacle because they cooperate with a roller, the diameter of which is small enough to keep them off the ground when the vehicle is resting on its wheels.

Abstract: A security barcode is made up of modules that include optical disrupters that are too small to be deliberately placed in precise positions. The barcode is authenticated by a simple webcam including three-dimensional positioning means co-operating with a recognizable graphic structure referred to as a “marker”. In order to establish the authenticity of an article protected by the code, a description of the code is made after the code has been printed and is stored in a database, and that description is compared with a new description that results from at least two acquisitions, one made under the same conditions, and the other made while changing the three-dimensionally defined viewpoint and/or the lighting. In its preferred variant, the barcode cannot be printed in order to represent a predetermined number. It is also impossible to reproduce the barcode.

Abstract: A security barcode is made up of modules that include optical disrupters that are too small to be deliberately placed in precise positions. The barcode is authenticated by a simple webcam including three-dimensional positioning means co-operating with a recognizable graphic structure referred to as a “marker”. In order to establish the authenticity of an article protected by the code, a description of the code is made after the code has been printed and is stored in a database, and that description is compared with a new description that results from at least two acquisitions, one made under the same conditions, and the other made while changing the three-dimensionally defined viewpoint and/or the lighting. In its preferred variant, the barcode cannot be printed in order to represent a predetermined number. It is also impossible to reproduce the barcode.

Abstract: Optical elements such as microlenses or optical fibers are printed with liquid ink, by known scanning printing techniques such as for example flexography. Each optical element has a transparent core printed by a first ink layer, that is sufficiently distant from the closest cores so as not to amalgamate with them by coalescence, before being hardened. This core is then covered with one or several so-called additional layers which can be flat tint layers in order to finalize the shape of the optical element in question. The section of the optical elements is determined by the difference in surface tension between the additional layers and the printing substrate.

Abstract: The device includes optical elements such as microlenses or optical fibers that are printed with liquid ink, by known scanning printing techniques such as for example flexography. Each optical element (11, 12, 13, 14) has a transparent core (111, 121, 131, 141) printed by a first ink layer, that is sufficiently distant from the closest cores so as not to amalgamate with them by coalescence, before being hardened. This core (111, 121, 131, 141) is then covered with one or several so-called additional layers (112, 113, 122, 123, 132, 133, 142, 143) which can be flat tint layers in order to finalize the shape of the optical element in question. The section of the optical elements is determined by the difference in surface tension between said additional layers (112, 113, 122, 123, 132, 133, 142, 143) and the printing substrate (10).

Abstract: The screen proposed makes it possible, without spectacles, to view thousands of successive still or animated images, in three dimensions, using a screen that has no moving parts, is of simple design, and economic to manufacture. Applications of the present invention relate mainly to fixed displays for viewing by spectators who move relative to the screen, displays on moving surfaces for viewing by stationary spectators, electronic image displays, creating games and toys, etc.

Abstract: A linear magazine for storing and automatically dispensing objects (10) disposed in stacks or in lines within juxtaposed bins (1) includes an extractor cartridge (20) associated with each bin and co-operating with a cog belt (50) which is common to all of the bins. The invention is applicable to dispensing cassettes, books, cigarettes, spare parts, etc.

Abstract: A device for storing and dispensing objects has a plurality of superposed annular magazines constituting a fixed cylindrical structure. An object extraction control member rotatable about an axis by a stepper motor or the like is disposed at each level inside said cylindrical structure and cooperates with elements situated within the object-containing housings. The annular magazines being fixed have the object extraction control members rotatable relative thereto.

Abstract: A device for storing and dispensing objects the a plurality of superposed annular magazines constituting a cylindrical structure which is rotatable about an axis by a stepper motor or the like. An object extraction control member is disposed at each level inside or outside the cylindrical structure and serves to co-operate with elements situated within the object-containing housings. Alternatively, the annular magazines may be fixed and the object extraction control members may rotate relative thereto.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sailboat with a keel board that is inclinable sideways. A single keel board is resiliently inclinable due to the effect of the water which rotates it about an axis disposed substantially in the vertical plane of longitudinal symmetry of the boat and inclined with respect to the horizontal, rising towards the bows of the boat, so as to provide hydrodynamic lift of the inclined keel board compatible with a movement of the boat along its longitudinal axis. In the case of a boat with two inclinable keel boards, the axes of inclination can converge towards the bows of the boat.