Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the treatment of a wall made of Fe—Ni—Cr metal alloy of an industrial reactor which reduces the formation of coke on the said wall when it is subjected to operational conditions favourable to coking, the metal alloy comprising, within its structure, carbides, some of which show on the surface. The process comprises a mechanical stage of impact surface treatment, during which a surface of the wall is hammered by projection of particles under conditions suitable for obtaining covering of the carbides initially present at the surface by permanent plastic deformation of the surface, in particular of the chromium carbides.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the treatment of a wall made of Fe—Ni—Cr metal alloy of an industrial reactor which reduces the formation of coke on the said wall when it is subjected to operational conditions favourable to coking, the metal alloy comprising, within its structure, carbides, some of which show on the surface. The process comprises a chemical surface treatment stage, during which at least a part of the carbides initially present in the alloy is dissolved by electrolytic decomposition, under conditions suitable for dissolving at least a part of these carbides, in particular chromium carbides.

Abstract: A flexible pipeline with multiple pipes, adapted for hydrocarbon transport, the pipeline comprising a flexible core element inside which flows hydrocarbon, an outer sheath around the flexible core element and at least one peripheral steel alloy pipe extending longitudinally in an annular space located between the outer sheath and the flexible core element, the annular space further comprising metal elements in contact with an aqueous medium containing oxygen and the metal elements is susceptible to being oxidized by fixing oxygen. The oxidizable metal elements and is peripheral pipe are maintained mutually spaced apart to be electrically decoupled.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a flexible pipe for conveyance of fluid, comprising: winding at least one metal element in a short pitch helix around an inner sealing sheath for withstanding radial forces in the inner sealing sheath; preshaping a metal strip to form at least one ply of tensile armor tendons; winding the ply of tensile armor tendons in a long pitch helix around the at least one metal element; and applying an external protective sealing sheath around the at least one ply of tensile armor tendons.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing plated-steel armor wires intended for reinforcement of flexible tubular pipes for transporting hydrocarbons, comprising a plating coating is intimately bonded, by high pressure, to a core made of hardenable steel with moderate mechanical properties, and then the plated wire obtained undergoes a rapid high-temperature hardening step followed by a tempering step.

Abstract: A flexible tubular pipe for transporting hydrocarbons, the pipe comprising at least one carcass, an internal pressure sheath and one or more armor layers. The carcass forms the innermost structural element of the pipe and consists of an interlocked spiral winding of a strip or wire with some shape. The turns of the carcass are internally covered with an anti-turbulence sheath pierced with holes which is intended to oppose turbulence of the hydrocarbon flowing through the pipe and prevent associated resonance phenomena.

Abstract: A flexible tubular pipe comprising a metal carcass helically coiled about a longitudinal axis of said flexible pipe and the carcass comprises a seamed profiled hollow tube.

Abstract: A flexible pipeline with multiple pipes, adapted for hydrocarbon transport, the pipeline comprising a flexible core element inside which flows hydrocarbon, an outer sheath around the flexible core element and at least one peripheral steel alloy pipe extending longitudinally in an annular space located between the outer sheath and the flexible core element, the annular space further comprising metal elements in contact with an aqueous medium containing oxygen and the metal elements is susceptible to being oxidized by fixing oxygen. The oxidizable metal elements and is peripheral pipe are maintained mutually spaced apart to be electrically decoupled.

Abstract: A flexible tubular pipe having a pressure sheath, a pressure vault comprising at least one pressure-resistant armor, an intermediate sheath and at least one tensile armor layer. The inner annular space formed between the pressure sheath and the intermediate sheath comprises a layer which is used to drain the gases present in the annular space. The drainage layer is formed by a short-pitch winding of at least one long element having transverse drain holes or spaces which can drain gases between the successive turns of the winding. The transverse holes or spaces extend in a direction which is essentially transverse to the winding turns.

Abstract: A flexible tubular pipe for transporting hydrocarbons, the pipe comprising at least one carcass, an internal pressure sheath and one or more armor layers. The carcass forms the innermost structural element of the pipe and consists of an interlocked spiral winding of a strip or wire with some shape. The turns of the carcass are internally covered with an anti-turbulence sheath pierced with holes which is intended to oppose turbulence of the hydrocarbon flowing through the pipe and prevent associated resonance phenomena.

Abstract: A flexible tubular pipe having a pressure sheath, a pressure vault comprising at least one pressure-resistant armor, an intermediate sheath and at least one tensile armor layer. The inner annular space formed between the pressure sheath and the intermediate sheath comprises a layer which is used to drain the gases present in the annular space. The drainage layer is formed by a short-pitch winding of at least one long element having transverse drain holes or spaces which can drain gases between the successive turns of the winding. The transverse holes or spaces extend in a direction which is essentially transverse to the winding turns.

Abstract: A flexible tubular pipe for hydrocarbon transport, comprising from inside to outside at least a carcass, an inner sheath, tensile armoring plies and an outer sheath, wherein the carcass is formed by winding of at least an anti-corrosive elongated metal element with large cross-section, with successive windings stapled with a thin anti-corrosive metal strip.

Abstract: This flexible tubular pipe 1 comprises at least, from the inside outward, a carcass 3 made of interlocked strip, an internal sealing sheath 4, a cylindrical pressure vault 5 consisting of a winding of an interlocked profiled metal wire would in a helix with a short pitch, at least one ply 7, 8 of tensile armor tendons wound with a long pitch, and an external protective sealing sheath, and it is characterized in that at least one armor ply is made of steel strip 10 advantageously shaped by bending.

Abstract: A flexible tubular pipe comprising at least, from the inside outwards, an internal sealing sheath made of a polymer material, a cylindrical pressure vault having an external face and having an internal face placed over the internal sheath. The vault is a winding, in a helix with a short pitch and with a gap between turns, of an interlocked metal profile wire. At least one ply of tensile armour layers is wound with a long pitch. An external protective sealing sheath is made of a polymer. The fastener wire has the same height as the profile wire and is fastened below the neutral fiber of the profile wire. The ratio of the cross section of the profile wire to the cross section of the fastening wire is between 1 and 2 and the ratio of the moment of inertia Iyy of the profile wire to the moment of inertia Iyy of the fastening wire is between 1 and 2.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing plated-steel armor wires intended for reinforcement of flexible tubular pipes for transporting hydrocarbons, comprising a plating coating is intimately bonded, by high pressure, to a core made of hardenable steel with moderate mechanical properties, and then the plated wire obtained undergoes a rapid high-temperature hardening step followed by a tempering step.

Abstract: A flexible tubular pipe for hydrocarbon transport, comprising from inside to outside at least a carcass, an inner sheath, tensile armoring plies and an outer sheath, wherein the carcass is formed by winding of at least an anti-corrosive elongated metal element with large cross-section, with successive windings stapled with a thin anti-corrosive metal strip.

Abstract: This flexible tubular pipe comprises at least, from the inside outwards, an internal sealing sheath (1) made of a polymer material, a cylindrical pressure vault (2) having an external face and an internal face placed over the internal sheath (1), the vault (2) consisting of the winding, in a helix with a short pitch and with a gap between turns, of an interlocked metal profile wire (10), at least one ply (3, 4) of tensile armor layers wound with a long pitch and an external protective sealing sheath (5) made of a polymer; the fastener wire (20) has the same height has the profile wire and is fastened below the neutral fiber of the profile wire, the ratio of the cross section of the profile wire to the cross section of the fastening wire is between 1 and 2 and the ratio of the moment of inertia Iyy of the profile wire to the moment of inertia Iyy of the fastening wire is between 1 and 2.

Abstract: A flexible tubular pipe comprising a metal carcass helically coiled about a longitudinal axis of said flexible pipe and the carcass comprises a seamed profiled hollow tube.

Abstract: A flexible metal tube with closed section and a flexible pipe comprising such a metal tube, comprising a strip with substantially constant thickness and wound helically around an axis, the strip includes at least a closed section having walls formed by portions of a common turn of the strip, the closed section includes an upper wall and a lower wall and the section is arranged at one end of said strip while the other end terminates in a free edge. The closed section is trapezoidal in cross-section. A bulge radially oriented towards the upper wall of the closed section is provided between the closed section and the free edge of the stirrup. The invention is in particular applicable to flexible tubular pipes.

Abstract: This flexible tubular pipe 1 comprises at least, from the inside outward, a carcass 3 made of interlocked strip, an internal sealing sheath 4, a cylindrical pressure vault 5 consisting of a winding of an interlocked profiled metal wire would in a helix with a short pitch, at least one ply 7, 8 of tensile armor tendons wound with a long pitch, and an external protective sealing sheath, and it is characterized in that at least one armor ply is made of steel strip 10 advantageously shaped by bending.