Abstract: A system for characterizing a transistor circuit which has a local minimum in its transfer characteristic by finding its local minimum. The system comprises: a bias voltage generator for generating a toggling signal; a multiplier configured for multiplying an electrical signal which is a function of the drain source current of the transistor circuit, with a waveform alternating between two predefined values synchronously with the toggling signal; a first integrator configured for integrating the electrical signal from the multiplier, and wherein if more integrators are present, linear combinations of output signals of the integrators are provided to the further integrators; a summator configured for summing the toggling signal and an integration signal and configured for outputting the sum to the gate of the transistor circuit.

Abstract: A method and a circuit for measuring an absolute voltage signal, such that the circuit comprises: an A/D convertor, and a controller adapted for: a) obtaining a first digital reference value for a first reference signal having a positive temperature coefficient; b) obtaining a second digital reference value for a second reference signal having a negative temperature coefficient; c) obtaining a raw digital signal value for the signal to be measured, while applying a same reference voltage for step a) to c); and d) calculating the absolute voltage value in the digital domain using a mathematical function of the first and second digital reference value, and the raw digital signal value.

Abstract: A method and a circuit for measuring an absolute voltage signal, such that the circuit comprises: an A/D convertor, and a controller adapted for: a) obtaining a first digital reference value for a first reference signal having a positive temperature coefficient; b) obtaining a second digital reference value for a second reference signal having a negative temperature coefficient; c) obtaining a raw digital signal value for the signal to be measured, while applying a same reference voltage for step a) to c); and d) calculating the absolute voltage value in the digital domain using a mathematical function of the first and second digital reference value, and the raw digital signal value.

Abstract: A packaging is disclosed for a powdered material comprising a tub for receiving the material, the tub having a base and a peripheral wall with a top edge; an outer sleeve around at least the peripheral wall of the tub, thereby supporting the tub; a removable membrane for separating the powdered material in the tub from the environment; and a lid assembly comprising a peripheral rim for connection over the top edge of the peripheral wall of the tub and defining a wide access opening and a lid, hingedly attached to the rim for reclosing the access opening. Furthermore, a method of manufacturing a package for a powdered material is disclosed, comprising sliding the tub in the sleeve, such that at least the peripheral wall of the tub is enclosed by the sleeve, whereby the sleeve supports the tub and the tub and sleeve form a container for the powdered material.

Abstract: A packaging for a powdered material includes a tub for receiving the material, the tub having a base and a peripheral wall with a top edge; an outer sleeve around at least the peripheral wall of the tub, thereby supporting the tub; a removable membrane for separating the powdered material in the tub from the environment; and a lid assembly having a peripheral rim for connection over the top edge of the peripheral wall of the tub and defining a wide access opening and a lid, hingedly attached to the rim for reclosing the access opening. A method of manufacturing such a package for a powdered material includes sliding the tub in the sleeve, such that at least the peripheral wall of the tub is enclosed by the sleeve, whereby sleeve supports the tub and the tub and sleeve form a container for the powdered material.

Abstract: A container assembly includes a thermoformed tub of relatively thin plastic material having a peripheral wall extending to an upper edge and defining a product containing space. A lower rim is connected to the upper edge of the tub, the lower rim defining an opening giving access to the product containing space and being formed of a relatively thicker plastic material. An upper rim is connectable to the lower rim and a lid is provided for selectively closing the opening. By the use of a thin walled thermoformed tub, the amount of material required for forming the body of the container is limited. Furthermore, the lower rim of relatively thicker plastic material provides the required support to the relatively thin material of the peripheral wall, allowing effective connection to the upper rim.

Abstract: A detecting device includes a detecting part configured to detect a change in an object to be detected so as to output a detection signal, an amplifying part configured to amplify the detection signal output from the detecting part to output a first amplification signal, a reference voltage supply part configured to supply a reference voltage to the amplifying part, the reference voltage being input to the amplifying part to be output as a second amplification signal, a switching part configured to switch a connection between the detecting part and the amplifying part or a connection between the amplifying part and the reference voltage supply part based on a control signal input thereto, and a comparing part configured to compare a predetermined amplification factor in the amplifying part, with an amplification factor obtained from the second amplification signal so as to output the comparison result as a comparison signal.

Abstract: A container assembly includes a thermoformed tub of relatively thin plastic material having a peripheral wall extending to an upper edge and defining a product containing space. A lower rim is connected to the upper edge of the tub, the lower rim defining an opening giving access to the product containing space and being formed of a relatively thicker plastic material. An upper rim is connectable to the lower rim and a lid is provided for selectively closing the opening. By the use of a thin walled thermoformed tub, the amount of material required for forming the body of the container is limited. Furthermore, the lower rim of relatively thicker plastic material provides the required support to the relatively thin material of the peripheral wall, allowing effective connection to the upper rim.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing and filling a package includes: a) providing a thermoformed tub defining a product receiving space, filling the product receiving space with a nutritional product, and sealing a membrane across an open mouth of the tub to seal the product therein; b) providing a carton sleeve having a peripheral wall; and c) inserting the tub into the sleeve such that at least the sidewalls of the tub are enclosed by the sleeve, whereby the sleeve supports the tub. The carton blank can be erected separately from the tub and a mandrel may be used to ensure manufacturing tolerance. For recycling, the sleeve and tub can be separated and disposed of as required.

Abstract: A packaging for a powdered material includes a tub for receiving the material, the tub having a base and a peripheral wall with a top edge; an outer sleeve around at least the peripheral wall of the tub, thereby supporting the tub; a removable membrane for separating the powdered material in the tub from the environment; and a lid assembly having a peripheral rim for connection over the top edge of the peripheral wall of the tub and defining a wide access opening and a lid, hingedly attached to the rim for reclosing the access opening. A method of manufacturing such a package for a powdered material includes sliding the tub in the sleeve, such that at least the peripheral wall of the tub is enclosed by the sleeve, whereby sleeve supports the tub and the tub and sleeve form a container for the powdered material.

Abstract: A unit dose package of a liquid nutritional product comprises a form-stable, cup shaped container with a capacity of less than 70 ml having a rim, a frustoconical sidewall and a base. A quantity of the nutritional product is enclosed within the container and a foil closure is sealed to the rim. The container is formed of a laminate comprising a barrier layer of highly 5 orientable EVOH having an ethylene content of less than 31 mol %, preferably around 27 mol %, and an oxygen transmission of less than 0.0068 ml/ml/year, between an inner carrier layer and an outer carrier layer. The package is especially adapted for long term storage of oxygen sensitive products.

Abstract: A detecting device includes a detecting part configured to detect a change in an object to be detected so as to output a detection signal, an amplifying part configured to amplify the detection signal output from the detecting part to output a first amplification signal, a reference voltage supply part configured to supply a reference voltage to the amplifying part, the reference voltage being input to the amplifying part to be output as a second amplification signal, a switching part configured to switch a connection between the detecting part and the amplifying part or a connection between the amplifying part and the reference voltage supply part based on a control signal input thereto, and a comparing part configured to compare a predetermined amplification factor in the amplifying part, with an amplification factor obtained from the second amplification signal so as to output the comparison result as a comparison signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an undergarment (1) comprising: a supporting part (2) which surrounds at least the hips and the top of each thigh; and a flexible collecting bag (10) positioned in the crotch.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an undergarment (1) comprising: a supporting part (2) which surrounds at least the hips and the top of each thigh; and a flexible collecting bag (10) positioned in the crotch.