Abstract: An animal containment system comprising a stationary transmitter including a transmitter for defining a first curtain of energy having a first code to be entered by an animal approaching an off limits area and a second curtain of energy adjacent the first curtain and having a second code, the second curtain to be entered after the animal passes through the first curtain approaching the off limits area, and at least one receiver to be carried by an animal to be contained including a receiver responsive to the first code when the animal is within the first curtain for issuing a warning signal and responsive to the second code when the animal is within the Second curtain for issuing a discipline signal.

Abstract: An animal containment system is disclosed wherein the contained animal wears a receiver which receives first and second codes in the form of frequencies which are defined in adjacent curtains of near infrared or the like light established by a transmitting device. One pair of one shots detects one frequency and a second pair of one shots detects a second frequency. When the warning frequency is detected a sounder continuously operates and when the second frequency is detected a transformer is intermittently operated to shock the animal and the sounder is intermittently operated. The transformer can be operated in three modes: high power, low power or disconnected.

Abstract: A linear energy communication system which allows a stationary device to communicate with a device moving along a predefined path through the use of radiated energy. An electronic signal generated by a transmitter is converted into energy in the opto-electromagnetic frequency spectrum by means of an appropriate transducer. The energy is then focused into a line. A receiving device moving along the path of the line receives the linear energy and converts the received energy back into the original electronic signal. The system will allow for the communication and guidance of a remote moving vehicle along a predefined path without the encumbrance of wires, buss bars or broad band communications.

Abstract: An animal confinement system comprising an emitter for transmitting coded near infrared energy, a receiver carried by an animal to be contained for receiving the transmitted coded near infrared energy, including an infrared receiving diode and, a comparator for conditioning the output of the infrared receiving diode. A predetermined threshold is established for the comparator which will cause the output of the comparator to go low when the output of the infrared receiving diode is received.

Abstract: An animal confinement system is disclosed where a boundary is defined by converting energy radiated from a point source into a curtain. A code is transmitted within this curtain so that a receiver carried by an animal can receive the code and issue a suitable instruction to the animal.

Abstract: A linear energy communication system which allows a stationary device to communicate with a device moving along a predefined path through the use of radiated energy. An electronic signal generated by a transmitter is converted into energy in the opto-electromagnetic frequency spectrum by means of an appropriate transducer. The energy is then focused into a line. A receiving device moving along the path of the line receives the linear energy and converts the received energy back into the original electronic signal. The system will allow for the communication and guidance of a remote moving vehicle along a predefined path without the encumbrance of wires, buss bars or broad band communications.

Abstract: A data relay system includes a plurality of data relays. Addresses are transmitted in one direction serially to each data relay and data is transmitted in the other direction serially through the data relays. Each data relay reinforces the data and address.

Abstract: A phthalic anhydride product having a particle configuration made up of a mixture of spheroids, needle-like crystals, and amorphous particles is produced by feeding molten phthalic anhydride at a temperature between 131.degree. and 155.degree. into a spray nozzle in a closed cycle congealing chamber. The molten phthalic anhydride is discharged from the spray nozzle into a co-current or counter-current flow of inert gas at a temperature between -10.degree. and 70.degree. C., in order to congeal the product, which is then removed and transferred to a hopper or other storage means. For nozzle orifices having a diameter from 1 to 4 mm, discharge pressures of between 10 and 300 pounds per square inch are employed.

Abstract: A data relay system transmits addresses from a host device sequentially to each of a plurality of data relays and for transmitting data sequentially through each of the plurality of data relays to the host device. Serial addresses are placed on the data bus by the host device and received by a Signal Conditioner in the data relay and passed through an Address Parallelizer and Address Selector. If the address is recognized by the Address Selector, then a Data Group is counted by the Data Group Counter while the Data Group is enabled. The enabling of a selected Data Group will result a selected parallel data being supplied to the Data Group Serializer which present the parallel data for serial transmission to the host device.