Abstract: Provided are methods for the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) and the eye. In particular, use of compositions comprising a compound capable of modulating a target gene or gene product is described for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of disorders of the CNS and/or the eye, wherein the composition is designed to be administered outside the blood-CNS and the blood-retina barriers. Furthermore, methods are provided for identifying and obtaining nucleic acid molecules encoding polypeptides involved in CNS disorders or of the eye, methods for diagnosing said disorders as well as transgenic animal deficient in the expression of target genes identified in accordance with the described method. In addition, methods of identifying and isolating drugs that are particularly useful for the treatment of disorders related to the CNS and/or the eye are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are methods for the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) and the eye. In particular, use of compositions comprising a compound capable of modulating a target gene or gene product is described for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of disorders of the CNS and/or the eye, wherein the composition is designed to be administered outside the blood-CNS and the blood-retina barriers. Furthermore, methods are provided for identifying and obtaining nucleic acid molecules encoding polypeptides involved in CNS disorders or of the eye, methods for diagnosing said disorders as well as transgenic animal deficient in the expression of target genes identified in accordance with the described method. In addition, methods of identifying and isolating drugs that are particularly useful for the treatment of disorders related to the CNS and/or the eye are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are methods for the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) and the eye. In particular, use of compositions comprising a compound capable of modulating a target gene or gene product is described for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of disorders of the CNS and/or the eye, wherein the composition is designed to be administered outside the blood-CNS and the blood-retina barriers. Furthermore, methods are provided for identifying and obtaining nucleic acid molecules encoding polypeptides involved in CNS disorders or of the eye, methods for diagnosing said disorders as well as transgenic animal deficient in the expression of target genes identified in accordance with the described method. In addition, methods of identifying and isolating drugs that are particularly useful for the treatment of disorders related to the CNS and/or the eye are disclosed.

Abstract: Described is a method for the specific modulation of the expression of target genes in cells and/or tissues of the CNS and/or eye, wherein a composition comprising one or more doubled stranded oligoribonucleotides (dsRNA) is introduced into the cell, tissue or organism outside the blood-brain or blood-retina barriers. Furthermore, a method for the identification and validation of the function of a gene is provided, wherein the method provides a test cell, test tissue or test organism, which allow information to be gained on the function of the target gene. In addition, compositions and kits are described useful for those methods. In particular, components and methods for the diagnostic use and/or therapy of disorders related to the CNS and/or eye are provided which are based on RNA interference.

Abstract: Provided are methods for the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) and the eye. In particular, use of compositions comprising a compound capable of modulating a target gene or gene product is described for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of disorders of the CNS and/or the eye, wherein the composition is designed to be administered outside the blood-CNS and the blood-retina barriers. Furthermore, methods are provided for identifying and obtaining nucleic acid molecules encoding polypeptides involved in CNS disorders or of the eye, methods for diagnosing said disorders as well as transgenic animal deficient in the expression of target genes identified in accordance with the described method. In addition, methods of identifying and isolating drugs that are particularly useful for the treatment of disorders related to the CNS and/or the eye are disclosed.

Abstract: Described is a method for the specific modulation of the expression of target genes in cells and/or tissues of the CNS and/or eye, wherein a composition comprising one or more doubled stranded oligoribonucleotides (dsRNA) is introduced into the cell, tissue or organism outside the blood-brain or blood-retina barriers. Furthermore, a method for the identification and validation of the function of a gene is provided, wherein the method provides a test cell, test tissue or test organism, which allow information to be gained on the function of the target gene. In addition, compositions and kits are described useful for those methods. In particular, components and methods for the diagnostic use and/or therapy of disorders related to the CNS and/or eye are provided which are based on RNA interference.

Abstract: Provided are animal models for the analysis of physiological states and therapy for X-linked juvenile retinoschisis. Furthermore, methods of screening test therapies as potential prevention or treatment of retinoschisis are described as well as methods of prevention or treatment of retinoschisis making use of those therapies.

Abstract: In electronic systems for power adjustment in motor vehicles, conventional mechanical linkages or Bowden cables are replaced or supplemented by the transmission of electric signals. Such an electronic power adjustment device contains a control unit (6) which acts on the power adjustor (9) via an electric actuator (8). In order to influence the engine power, an accelerator pedal (5) is provided as a setpoint generator. In a converter (7), the accelerator pedal position is converted into an electric signal which is supplied to the control unit (6). During the starting of the vehicle, a driving authorization control is carried out. The vehicle engine can already be started during the driving authorization control, but accelerator pedal position is taken into account by the control unit (6) only when the driving authorization control is concluded positively. This ensures both a reliable control of driving authorization and comfortable and reliable starting of the vehicle engine by an authorized driver.

Abstract: In electronic systems for power adjustment in motor vehicles, conventional mechanical linkages or Bowden cables are replaced or supplemented by the transmission of electric signals. Such an electronic power adjustment device contains a control unit (6) which acts on the power adjustment means (9) via an electric actuator (8). In order to influence the engine power, an accelerator pedal (5) is provided as a setpoint generator. In a converter (7), the accelerator pedal position is converted into an electric signal which is supplied to the control unit (6). During the starting of the vehicle, a driving authorization control is carried out. According to the invention, the vehicle engine can already be started during the driving authorization control, but accelerator pedal position is taken into account by the control unit (6) only when the driving authorization control is concluded positively.

Abstract: A gas-pedal module has a gas pedal (12) which is mounted pivotably in a housing and can be actuated, counter to a restoring spring, with pedal-force-dependent hysteresis, a pedal-position sensor producing an electric signal corresponding to the pedal position. In view of the high pedal forces, precise and expensive bearings are necessary in order to avoid jamming of the gas pedal (12). In order to reduce the production costs arid nevertheless reliably to prevent jamming, it is proposed to mount the gas pedal (12) in a floating manner in a bearing element (28) which has play in the upward direction. Specific selection of the coefficient of friction on the contact surface (30) between the bearing journal (18) and the bearing element (28) makes it possible to achieve a hysteresis as is desired in the case of such gas-pedal modules.

Abstract: In a device for detecting a position of an object (linear or circular strip) moving in rotation or translation relative to a base, an incremental track bearing periodically recurring marks and two index tracks bearing a plurality of index marks are scanned by sensors. These sensors supply analog signals which are complementary to each other. In each case, two complementary signals are combined to form a logical track. By a combining of the logical tracks with each other, a further logical track is formed which contains a serial code which corresponds to the absolute value of the position of the object.

Abstract: A device for producing an electric signal which corresponds to the position of an object which is movable in translation or rotation relative to a base, wherein by optical scanning of markings which periodically recur upon a movement of the object, analog voltage signals A, A and B, B are produced by means of sensors which are spaced apart from each other by one-quarter of the scanning period. The signals are converted in an evaluation circuit with comparators into digital forms of the signals A and B (quadrature signal). In order to produce a test signal S, there is also provided in the device a summation circuit by means of which the voltage signals A, A and B, B are added and compared in a comparator with a threshold value.

Abstract: A load adjustment device for an internal combustion engine includes a throttle valve (4) which can be acted on via a the setting element (8) on the accelerator-pedal side and, also by an electromotive setting drive (12), their movements being decoupled. In order to be able to note both the idle position of the setting element (8) and a driver's wish for "idle" and, furthermore, the actual position value of the electromotive setting drive (12) for a position control circuit and the throttle-valve position for injection electronics, there is a drive potentiometer (25) associated with the electromotive setting drive (12). Also a throttle-valve potentiometer (24) is associated with the throttle valve (4). The drive (12) and the potentiometer (24) have a common support plate (19) which is fastened, fixed for rotation, to the drive shaft (11) of the electromotive setting drive (12).