Abstract: A photovoltaic (PV) panel includes a PV output, a storage and retrieval subsystem (storage subsystem), and PV cells. The PV output is configured to be coupled to a distribution system to supply electricity produced by the PV panel to the distribution system. The storage subsystem includes a dedicated storage device. The storage subsystem is electrically coupled to the PV output and provides per-panel energy storage. The PV cells are coupled to the PV output and to the storage device. The PV cells are configured to photovoltaically generate an electrical potential when exposed to incident illumination. While incident illumination is available, the PV cells supply a portion of the electrical potential to the PV output and a second portion to the dedicated energy storage device. The storage subsystem is configured to intermediately supply energy stored thereon to the PV output while the incident illumination is unavailable or partially unavailable.

Abstract: A controller for optical components. A controller includes an analog interface that is configured to connect to an optical component external to the controller. The analog interface is able to deliver and/or receive signals to and/or from the optical component. The controller includes a digital interface that is able to connect to a memory external to the controller. The digital interface may receive a digital representation of operating characteristics of the optical component. The controller is configured to deliver and/or receive signals to and/or from the optical component based on the digital representation of operating characteristics.

Abstract: A computer system with modular optical components. The computer system includes a controller. The controller includes an analog interface that can deliver and/or receive analog signals to and/or from an optical component. The controller further includes a digital interface that is able to receive a digital representation of operating characteristics of the optical component.

Abstract: A controller for optical components. A controller includes mixed signal interface that is configured to connect to an optical component external to the controller. The mixed signal interface is able to deliver and/or receive signals to and/or from the optical component. The controller includes a digital interface that is able to connect to a memory external to the controller. The digital interface may receive a digital representation of operating characteristics of the optical component. The controller is configured to deliver and/or receive signals to and/or from the optical component based on the digital representation of operating characteristics.

Abstract: A data communications network includes N nodes, where N is an integer greater than one, and a star coupler coupled to each of the N nodes. Each node includes a transmitter and a receiver. The star coupler is configured to receive, in parallel, data streams transmitted from a plurality of the N nodes, and to passively retransmit, in parallel, each of the received data streams to each node of the N nodes. Each receiver is configured to receive multiple data streams in parallel.

Abstract: Optical modules described herein include optical components such as lasers or photodiodes for communicating on fiber-optic networks. The lasers and photodiodes have analog interface such that the lasers and photodiodes can be controlled by a controller external to the optical modules. The optical modules also include memory modules. The memory modules store operating characteristics of the lasers and photodiodes. The operating characteristics can be read via digital interfaces that are connected to the memory modules. This allows the controller to appropriately adjust signals such that a randomly selected controller may be used with a randomly selected optical module.

Abstract: An optical signal return path system includes a transmitter and a receiver. The receiver receives an optical data signal from the transmitter and recovers therefrom a digital data stream and an associated first clock having an associated first clock rate. The data stream is stored in a memory device at the first clock rate. A clock generator generates a second clock having an associated second clock rate that is adjusted in accordance with a clock control signal. A control circuit reads data from the memory device at a rate corresponding to the second clock rate and generates a fullness signal that indicates whether the memory device is fuller more full than a predefined threshold fullness level. A clock speed adjusting circuit generates the clock control signal in accordance with the fullness signal.

Abstract: A return path transmitter includes an optical signal receiver configured to receive a digital optical signal and generate therefrom a first digitized RF data stream and a sample clock. The return path transmitter further includes an RF signal receiver, coupled to the optical signal receiver, configured to receive and convert the analog RF data signal into a second digitized RF data stream of digitized RF data samples at a rate determined by the sample clock. The return path transmitter further includes a summing circuit configured to mathematically sum the first and second digitized RF data streams so as to generate a third digitized RF data stream. The return path transmitter further includes an optical transmitter configured to convert an output data stream into a serialized optical data signal for transmission over an optical fiber, the output data stream including the third digitized RF data stream.

Abstract: A data communications network includes N nodes, where N is an integer greater than one, and a star coupler coupled to each of the N nodes. Each node includes a transmitter and a receiver. The star coupler is configured to receive, in parallel, data streams transmitted from a plurality of the N nodes, and to passively retransmit, in parallel, each of the received data streams to each node of the N nodes. Each receiver is configured to receive multiple data streams in parallel.

Abstract: An optoelectronic device that has a network address (e.g., IF address) and participates in in-band traffic for purposes of performing functions (e.g., network diagnostics, network control, network provisioning, fault isolation, etc.) that are traditionally performed by host equipment. An embodiment of the invention may have a protocol engine and a status monitoring module. The protocol engine identifies data packets that are addressed to the optoelectronic device, and allows the optoelectronic device to insert packets of information generated by the device into in-band data. Logic of the optoelectronic device may modify the operating parameters of the device according to the control information included in the data packets. The status monitoring module detects the device's physical conditions and the conditions of its links.

Abstract: The principles of the present invention relate to aligning optical components with three degrees of translational freedom. A lens pin, a lens base, and a molded package are aligned in a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction such that the signal strength of optical signals transferred between a lens included in the lens pin and the molded package is optimized. The lens pin is mechanically coupled to the lens base to fix the position of the lens relative to the molded package in the first direction. Subsequently, the lens base and the molded package are realigned in the second and third directions such that the signal strength is again optimized. The lens base is mechanically coupled to the molded package to fix the position of the lens base relative to the molded package in the second and third directions.

Abstract: A polarization based optical switch capable of redirecting light signals to a plurality of different output locations. The optical switch utilizes polarization beam splitters to separate each optical channel into multiple polarization portions. Reflection members are used to redirect some of the polarization portions. Polarization rotators are capable of manipulating the plane of polarization of the polarization portions which will determine which of the output locations each optical channel transmits through. Another polarization beam splitter is used to recombine the polarization portions and direct them to one of the output locations depending on their respective planes of polarization.

Abstract: An optical signal return path system includes a transmitter having a sample clock generator for generating a sample clock and an RF signal receiver for receiving and converting an analog RF data signal into a first data stream of digitized RF data samples at a rate determined by the sample clock. Supplemental channel circuitry provides a second data stream. A multiplexor receives and combines the first data stream and second data stream, and an optical transmitter converting the combined data stream into a serialized optical data signal for transmission over an optical fiber. The second data stream may contain maintenance data reflecting an operational state of the transmitter. A receiver receives the optical data signal and recovers therefrom a digital data stream and an associated first clock having an associated first clock rate. The data stream is stored in a memory device at the first clock rate.

Abstract: A Cable Television (CATV) digital return link system that provides dedicated, high-speed, full-duplex and point-to-point connections between users and the head end system is disclosed. The CATV digital return link system includes return path transmitters, intermediate hubs and a head end hub coupled to each other via a network of fiber optics cables. The return path transmitters are each coupled to a relatively large number of users via a local CATV-subtree. Signals from cable modems are transmitted via the local CATV-subtree to the return path transmitters for transmission to the head end. A number of users are individually and directly connected to the return path transmitters. Data from these directly connected users is transmitted to the head end via the network of fiber optics cables in conjunction with the RF data from the subtree. Likewise, data from the head end to these directly connected users is transmitted in the forward path direction using the digital return link system.

Abstract: A liquid crystal optical attenuator is provided that is used to control the intensity of a light signal. The optical attenuator includes at least one polarizing element having an optical polarization axis, wherein the polarizing element transmits a portion of a light signal proportional to the angular difference between the optical polarization axis of the light signal and that of the polarizing element. The optical attenuator also comprises a variable liquid crystal rotator that includes a semi-transparent liquid crystal device, and a plurality of electrodes configured to conduct electricity to the liquid crystal device. The polarization axis of the light signal transmitted through the liquid crystal device will be rotated by an amount proportional to the magnitude of the electricity applied to the plurality of electrodes. In one embodiment, the optical attenuator is employed as part of a laser package that includes a laser, a pair of polarizing elements, and a faraday rotator.

Abstract: A magneto-optic variable optical attenuator is provided that is used to control the intensity of a light signal. The optical attenuator includes at least one polarizing element having an optical polarization axis, wherein the polarizing element transmits a portion of an incident light signal proportional to the angular difference between an optical polarization axis of the incident light signal and that of the polarizing element. The optical attenuator also comprises a variable faraday rotator that includes a semi-transparent material, a magnetic material for applying a magnetic force to a light signal that is passed through the semi-transparent material, and a conductive wire configured to induce a magnetic field on the magnetic material. In various embodiments, the optical attenuator is employed as part of a laser package that includes a laser light source and a plurality of polarizing elements, which are in optical communication with a faraday rotator and/or a variable faraday rotator.

Abstract: A variable electrochromic optical attenuator is provided that is used to control the intensity of a light signal. The electrochromic optical attenuator comprises a semi-transparent electrochromic device, and a plurality of electrodes configured to conduct electricity to the electrochromic device such that the transparency of the electrochromic device will be affected by an amount proportional to the magnitude of the electricity applied to the plurality of electrodes. The intensity of the light signal transmitted through the electrochromic device is affected by an amount proportional to the magnitude of the electricity applied to the plurality of electrodes. The electrochromic optical attenuator also includes at least one polarizing element having an optical polarization axis, wherein the polarizing element transmits a portion of the light signal proportional to the angular difference between the optical polarization axis of the light signal and that of the polarizing element.

Abstract: The present invention provides low cost methods and apparatuses for filtering out polarized light reflections in a free-space optical isolator. In one embodiment, a laser directs a non-polarized optical signal through a series of polarizers and rotators in order to isolate an optical signal having a specific polarization. The present invention also includes a quarter-wave plate placed in series with the rotators and polarizers, to help filter away reflections occurring while the signal passes through free space. The inclusion of the quarter-wave plate helps filter away a greater amount of near-end reflections from going back to the laser, even with the use of low cost polarizers. Accordingly, the present invention can polarize an optical signal more efficiently than with prior methods, and at a much lower cost.

Abstract: An optoelectronic device that has a network address (e.g., IP address) and participates in in-band traffic for purposes of performing functions (e.g., network diagnostics, network control, network provisioning, fault isolation, etc.) that are traditionally performed by host equipment. An embodiment of the invention may have a protocol engine and a status monitoring module. The protocol engine identifies data packets that are addressed to the optoelectronic device, and allows the optoelectronic device to insert packets of information generated by the device into in-band data. Logic of the optoelectronic device may modify the operating parameters of the device according to the control information included in the data packets. The status monitoring module detects the device's physical conditions and the conditions of its links.

Abstract: A waveguide optical amplifier package has a circulator and a planar waveguide amplifier optically communicating with the circulator. A core of the circulator receives an input beam, separates the input beam into a first beam and a second beam, and manipulates the first beam and the second beam so that they have the same polarization as they enter the waveguide. The waveguide includes one waveguide for each beam or a single waveguide that receives both beams. Following amplification of the beams power levels, the beams are directed into the circulator which combines the beams into an output beam that exits the circulator.