Abstract: Coke including additives that are accumulated at the yield points or in the regions surrounded by the yield points. For homogeneous distribution, the additives are continuously dosed into the delayed coker during the filling time. The dosing can be carried out by powdery blowing with an inert gas (nitrogen) or also distributed in a slurry consisting of the reaction components and a partial flow of the coker feed (vacuum resid, pytar, decant oil or coal-tar distillates). According to an advantageous form of embodiment, the additives may optionally have a diameter of between 0.05 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 3 mm. Advantageously, the additives can be selected from at least one of acetylene coke, fluid coke, flexi coke, shot coke, carbon black, non-graphitisable carbons (chars), non-graphitic anthracite, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, titanium diboride or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Coke including additives that are accumulated at the yield points or in the regions surrounded by the yield points. For homogeneous distribution, the additives are continuously dosed into the delayed coker during the filling time. The dosing can be carried out by powdery blowing with an inert gas (nitrogen) or also distributed in a slurry consisting of the reaction components and a partial flow of the coker feed (vacuum resid, pytar, decant oil or coal-tar distillates). According to an advantageous form of embodiment, the additives may optionally have a diameter of between 0.05 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 3 mm. Advantageously, the additives can be selected from at least one of acetylene coke, fluid coke, flexi coke, shot coke, carbon black, non-graphitisable carbons (chars), non-graphitic anthracite, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, titanium diboride or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A refractory, which is particularly suitable for use in an inner lining of a blast furnace, is obtainable by a process. The process includes providing a mixture containing coke, silicon and a binder. A green block is formed from the mixture. The green block is then baked. The baked block is semi-graphitized at a temperature between 1600 and 2000° C.

Abstract: A refractory particularly for the use in an inner lining of a blast furnace is a layered composite comprising a protective layer and a conductive layer, wherein the interlayer bonding strength between the individual layers is more than 6 MPa.

Abstract: A refractory, which is particularly suitable for use in an inner lining of a blast furnace, is obtainable by a process. The process includes providing a mixture containing coke, silicon and a binder. A green block is formed from the mixture. The green block is then baked. The baked block is semi-graphitized at a temperature between 1600 and 2000° C.

Abstract: An electrolysis cell for the production of aluminum has a liquid aluminum layer on a cathode, a melt layer on the liquid aluminum, and an anode above the melt layer. An upper side of the cathode has surface profiling with two or more elevations provided at at least two of the twenty points of the surface of the upper side of the cathode vertically beneath those regions of the boundary surface between the layer of liquid aluminum and the melt layer in which peaks with the twenty highest maxima are present in the distribution of a reference wave formation potential in the boundary surface. The reference wave formation potential is defined as the wave formation potential which, when the electrolysis cell is operated with a reference cathode without surface profiling is present at a point in the boundary surface between the layer of liquid aluminum and the melt layer.

Abstract: A cathode configuration for an aluminum electrolysis cell has at least one cathode block based on carbon and/or graphite. At least one groove is formed in the cathode block and the groove is lined with a graphite foil, at least in certain regions. At least one busbar is disposed in the groove and has an encasement of cast iron at least in certain regions. At least one recess is formed in the wall of the cathode block that delimits the at least one groove, and the encasement of cast iron engages into the at least one recess, at least in certain portions. A cathode block for such a cathode configuration is provided and also a process for producing a cathode configuration for an aluminum electrolysis cell.

Abstract: A cathode bottom for an electrolytic cell for producing aluminum, includes a material which can be disposed on at least one cathode block. The material includes a pre-compressed plate based on expanded graphite. A method for producing a cathode bottom includes providing at least one cathode block and placing a material, including at least one pre-compressed plate based on expanded graphite, on at least one surface of the at least one cathode block. The cathode bottom is used in an electrolytic cell for producing aluminum.

Abstract: Cathodes for aluminum electrolysis cells are formed of cathode blocks and current collector bars attached to those blocks. The cathode block has a cathode slot for receiving the collector bar and has a higher depth at a center than at both lateral edges of the cathode block. Additionally, the collector bar thickness is higher at the center than at both lateral edges of the cathode block. This cathode configuration provides a more even current distribution and, thus, a longer useful lifetime of such cathodes and increases cell productivity.

Abstract: Cathodes for aluminum electrolysis cells are formed of cathode blocks and current collector bars attached to those blocks. The cathode slots receiving the collector bar are lined with expanded graphite lining thus providing longer useful lifetime of such cathodes and increased cell productivity. The expanded graphite provides a good electrical and thermal conductivity especially with its plane layer.

Abstract: An anode assembly for aluminum electrolysis cells includes carbon anodes with stubholes and an anode hanger having stubs, in which the anodes are fixed to the anode hanger by cast iron and the stubholes are fully or partially lined with an expanded graphite lining. The anode assembly provides a reduced voltage drop across an interface between the cast iron and the carbon anode and thus increases cell productivity significantly. Mechanical stresses in the stubhole area are reduced. A collar formed from the lining prevents spilling of cast iron over the anode surface and a protective shot plug or a protective collar optionally prevent direct contact of a hot electrolyte bath with the stub and the cast iron. A method of manufacturing anode assemblies and an aluminum electrolysis cell, are also provided.

Abstract: Cathodes for aluminum electrolysis cells are formed of cathode blocks and current collector bars attached to those blocks. The cathode block has a cathode slot for receiving the collector bar and has a higher depth at a center than at both lateral edges of the cathode block. Additionally, the collector bar thickness is higher at the center than at both lateral edges of the cathode block. This cathode configuration provides a more even current distribution and, thus, a longer useful lifetime of such cathodes and increases cell productivity.

Abstract: Cathodes for aluminum electrolysis cells are formed of cathode blocks and current collector bars attached to those blocks. The cathode slots receiving the collector bar are lined with expanded graphite lining thus providing longer useful lifetime of such cathodes and increased cell productivity. The expanded graphite provides a good electrical and thermal conductivity especially with its plane layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a coating having a titanium boride content of at least 80% by weight, in which a coating having a thickness of from 0.1 mm to 1 mm, a porosity of not more than 10% by volume and an oxygen content of less than 1% by weight is applied to the surface of a substrate by plasma spraying in an atmosphere which is virtually or completely free of oxygen, with no metallic powder being added to the spraying powder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a support body with a coating of at least 95% by weight titanium boride, said coating having an oxygen content of less than or equal to 1% by weight, a metallic impurities content of less than or equal to 0.5% by weight, and a specific electrical resistance of less than or equal to 10 &mgr;&OHgr;·m at room temperature.