Abstract: A method and system of alternatively selecting an encryption key used to transmit a known number data bits and providing sufficient information to inform the receiving part of the selected encryption key is presented. In one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of encryption keys are available to the parties of the communication network. The transmitting party selects an encryption key used to encrypt a message block based on the data content of a previously transmitted message block. The receiving party, having received, and decrypted, a previously transmitted message block has sufficient information to determine the encryption key used to encrypt a subsequent data block and is able to decrypt the subsequently transmitted message.

Abstract: A pixel structure and an edge-emitter field-emission display device having a first substrate or backplate including a cathode disposed thereon and a second substrate or faceplate including an anode disposed thereon, wherein the anode on the second substrate or faceplate has a light emitting film. The cathode may define a first bus of an X-Y bus array and the anode may define a second bus of the X-Y bus array. Alternatively, the first substrate may further include a control gate disposed thereon, wherein the cathode defines a first bus of an X-Y bus array and the control gate defines a second bus of the X-Y bus array.

Abstract: A Reflective Field Emission Display system, components and methods for fabricating the components is disclosed. In the FED system disclosed, a plurality of reflective edge emission pixel elements are arranged in a matrix of N rows and M columns, the pixel elements contain an edge emitter that is operable to emit electrons and a reflector that is operable to extract and laterally reflect emitted electrons. A collector layer, laterally disposed from said reflector layer is operable to attract the reflected electrons. Deposited on the collector layer is a phosphor layer that emits a photon of a known wavelength when activated by an attracted electron. A transparent layer that is oppositely positioned with respect to the pixel elements is operable to attract reflected electrons and prevent reflected electrons from striking the phosphor layer. Color displays are further contemplated by incorporating individually controlled sub-pixel elements in each of the pixel elements.

Abstract: The present apparatus integrates a user interactive display with multiple functional telecommunications capabilities such as scanning, facsimile and telephonic capabilities. The display includes a touch sensitive screen overlay on an electrophoretic display and a handwriting controller for recognizing handwritten impressions on the touch sensitive screen overlay. The scanning, facsimile and telephonic capabilities are manipulated by the user through the interactive display. The apparatus also includes additional interface capabilities to compatible printers and remote computers as well as networking capabilities to remote faxes, cellular communications and pagers. Operations through the additional capabilities are also manipulated by the user interactive display.

Abstract: The present apparatus integrates a user interactive display with multiple functional telecommunications capabilities such as scanning, facsimile and telephonic capabilities. The display includes a touch sensitive screen overlay on an electrophoretic display and a handwriting controller for recognizing handwritten impressions on the touch sensitive screen overlay. The scanning, facsimile and telephonic capabilities are manipulated by the user through the interactive display. The apparatus also includes additional interface capabilities to compatible printers and remote computers as well as networking capabilities to remote faxes, cellular communications and pagers. Operations through the additional capabilities are also manipulated by the user interactive display.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display includes a laminated triple pane construction with an electrophoretic fluid-containing envelope formed between the first and second panes and an ionizable gas-containing envelope between the second and third panes. A transparent reference electrode coats the first pane internal to the fluid envelope. A matrix of discrete pixels are disposed upon the second pane within the fluid envelope. Each pixel has a probe extending therefrom through the second pane and into the gas envelope. A plurality of row electrodes are disposed upon the second pane in the gas envelope in close proximity to corresponding rows of probes. A plurality of column electrodes disposed upon the third pane within the gas envelope perpendicular to the row lines establishes an addressable X-Y matrix. By impressing a sufficient voltage differential at selected intersections of the matrix, a local ionization of gas biases a proximate probe to the ionization potential.

Abstract: The present invention is a modular electrophoretic display that can be selectively attached or detached from a larger assembly. The modular electrophoretic display includes a small, low voltage battery that provides a small bias to the anode, cathode and grid electrode of the electrophoretic display when no other power is present. As a result of the bias of the battery, the electrophoretic display is capable of retaining any image formed upon the display by the larger assembly. Consequently, different displays with differing images can be removed from, or added to, the larger assembly as needed. This promotes ease in photocopying the electrophoretic display and enables the display to be mailed, stored or otherwise handled without the loss of the image.

Abstract: Method for operating an electrophoretic display panel in a hold mode that reduces power required, increases display life and improves performance which entails applying a voltage to the anode electrode structure during the "hold" mode of operation which is substantially lower in amplitude than the voltage applied to the anode structure during a "write" mode of operation.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display includes a plurality of groups of intersecting row and column electrodes, and a plurality of parallel anode electrode segments disposed in spaced relation within a fluid-tight envelope containing a suspension of pigment particles in a dielectric fluid. Each respective group of row and column electrodes and a corresponding anode segment are indicative of a character line of displayed text. The display includes a line control system operable in a partial erase mode to partially erase a character line having a character thereof selected for erasure and operable in a rewriting mode to rewrite to the character line all characters not selected for erasure. The line control system is operable to alternate sequentially between the two modes until the selected character is simply erased or replaced entirely with a new character.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display has a grid cathode matrix arrangement consisting of a first plurality of parallel conductive lines insulated from a second plurality of parallel conductive lines transverse to said first plurality. Located with respect to the grid and cathode lines are first and second anode structures. The first anode is remote from the second with the second anode overlying the gird lines of the display and insulated therefrom. The second anode is biased to implement typical HOLD and ERASE modes independent of the first anode.

Abstract: A telephone subset which incorporates a high resolution electrophoretic display on the surface of a subset housing. The telephone subset includes a microprocessor which operates under the control of a mode selector. In this manner the display is employed to generate various keyboard formats and operates in conjunction with a position sensitive overlay to enable a subscriber to place telephone calls in a conventional manner when the keyboard display is implemented on the electrophoretic display. The telephone subset in conjunction with various subset buttons which control the mode selector is capable of operating in different modes. Due to the high resolution and large capacity of the display one can now present pages of stored telephone numbers which essentially enables a user to select any number by means of a movable cursor and by pressing another subset button can immediately dial that number.

Abstract: A tetrode type electrophoretic display includes local anode lines electrically grouped into groups having the width of a character. In operation, the local anode may be used to blink selected characters by applying appropriate voltages to the various electrodes of the display in the proper sequence. Sequencing is controlled by a computer and associated software.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display includes a laminated triple pane construction with an electrophoretic fluid-containing envelope formed between the first and second panes and an ionizable gas-containing envelope between the second and third panes. A transparent reference electrode coats the first pane internal to the fluid envelope. A matrix of discrete pixels are disposed upon the second pane within the fluid envelope. Each pixel has a probe extending therefrom through the second pane and into the gas envelope. A plurality of row electrodes are disposed upon the second pane in the gas envelope in close proximity to corresponding rows of probes. A plurality of column electrodes disposed upon the third pane within the gas envelope perpendicular to the row lines establishes an addressable X-Y matrix. By impressing a sufficient voltage differential at selected intersections of the matrix, a local ionization of gas biases a proximate probe to the ionization potential.

Abstract: A tetrode type electrophoretic display includes local anode lines electrically grouped into groups having the width of a character. In operation, the local anode may be used to blink selected characters by applying appropriate voltages to the various electrodes of the display in the proper sequence. Sequencing is controlled by a computer and associated software.

Abstract: An EPID electrode configuration includes a plurality of parallel, tined, interdigitized anode and cathode lines deposited upon a faceplate. A plurality of guard elements are provided between adjacent pairs of anode and cathode lines. In a first embodiment, grid lines oriented perpendicularly to the anode and cathode lines are applied to a rearplate of the EPID. Alternatively, the grid lines may be deposited on an intermediate coating of SiO.sub.2 and photoresist overlying the anode and cathode lines.

Abstract: A triode-type electrophoretic display includes a fluid-tight envelope for containing an electrophoretic fluid with suspended pigment particles and has a glass viewing window upon which has been deposited a plurality of parallel cathode members. A plurality of elongated insulator strips are interposed between and electrically insulate the cathode members from a plurality of parallel vertical grid members. Each of the strips support a corresponding grid member thereon a selected distance from the cathode members and tapers at a least one end such that the grid member is supported by the window at that end. The window provides a stable substrate for wire bonding the grid members to display driver circuitry.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an improved an electrophoretic display having a cathode/grid/local anode matrix and a remote anode includes forming the local anode lines in the same plane as the grid lines from the same material and in the same fabricating step. The local anode lines are insulated from the grid lines and are interleaved therewith, each being formed on a common layer of photoresist. It is preferred that each grid line be associated with one local anode line, that the grid lines have tines and that the local anode lines be disposed between the tines.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display has a grid cathode matrix arrangement consisting of a first plurality of parallel conductive lines insulated from a second plurality of parallel conductive lines transverse to said first plurality. Located with respect to the grid and cathode lines are first and second anode structures. The first anode is remote from the second with the second anode overlying the gird lines of the display and insulated therefrom. The second anode is biased to implement typical HOLD and ERASE modes independent of the first anode.

Abstract: A tetrode type electrophoretic display includes local anode lines disposed perpendicular to the grid lines and having a tined configuration. In operation, the local anode may be used to write and erase selected independent pixels by applying appropriate voltages to the various electrodes of the display in the proper sequence. The tetrode employed preferably includes an intermediate mesh to permit maintaining displayed images after power removal.