Abstract: A method is disclosed for braking electrically driven vehicles, in particular rail vehicles. In at least one embodiment, the behavior of the brake system is configured directly as a function of the system state, i.e. the operating conditions of the vehicle, such as for example the laden state of the vehicle, temperature of the engines and in particular of the magnets, as well as redundancy requirements, and therefore permit the fully functioning mechanical brake which is present in vehicles nowadays to be eliminated.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for braking electrically driven vehicles, in particular rail vehicles. In at least one embodiment, the behaviour of the brake system is configured directly as a function of the system state, i.e. the operating conditions of the vehicle, such as for example the laden state of the vehicle, temperature of the engines and in particular of the magnets, as well as redundancy requirements, and therefore permit the fully functioning mechanical brake which is present in vehicles nowadays to be eliminated.

Abstract: A filter element (31) of a fluid filter, in particular of a cuboid or hollow-cylindrical outer shape, having an inflow side (A) and an outflow side (B) relative to a fluid to be filtered, with the filter element (31) comprising a number of pleat walls (35) each arranged in a continuous folding between pleat edges (35A; 35B), which pleat walls are comprised of a fluid-permeable filter material, in particular having impressed elevations (37) constituting depressions on the other side of the filter material, and wherein between adjacent pleat walls in each case on the inflow side (A), aggregates of hardened adhesive are provided on said elevations (37) adhering to the pleat walls, wherein on the outflow side (B) and/or the inflow side (A) supporting elements are provided, the projection of which onto the plane of the adjacent pleat wall is situated in each case at least section-wise within the depressions.