Abstract: The invention relates to a security label for protecting medicaments contained in an individual packaging, comprising a security layer (10, 110, 210) that can be stuck on the individual packaging. Removable elements (16, 216) are formed in the security layer (10, 110, 210), in the region of the medicaments (15) to be inserted, in such a way that cuts (17) are made in the security layer (10, 110, 210), on the edge of the removable elements (16, 216), said cuts (17) following a virtual cut strip. In order to produce such a security label that can be easily opened, but still provides protection against unauthorised opening by children or inadvertent opening, and can be produced cost-effectively, obstacle points are provided on the cut strip, forming a resistance when the removal element is removed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phase detector circuit (10) having an RF distribution device (20) which is intended to receive two sinusoidal high-frequency signals (RF, LO) with an input phase difference (?RF(t)??LO(t)) and comprises two power splitters (21, 22) in order to split the two high-frequency signals (RF, LO) into two respective parts, a self-calibrating phase detector module (30) which is configured to receive one respective part of the two high-frequency signals which have been split, a low-noise phase detector module (40) which is configured to receive the respective other part of the high-frequency signals which have been split, and a complementary filter device (50) which is configured to receive the output signals from the self-calibrating phase detector module (30) and the low-noise phase detector module (40) and to output a signal which indicates the time-dependent input phase difference between the two high-frequency signals (RF, LO).

Abstract: A device and method for treating the surface of a semiconductor wafer provides a treatment fluid in the form of a dispersion of gas bubbles in a treatment liquid generated at acoustic pressures less than those required to induce cavitation in the treatment liquid. A resonator supplies ultrasonic or megasonic energy to the treatment fluid and is configured to create an interference pattern in the treatment fluid comprising regions of pressure amplitude minima and maxima at an interface of the treatment fluid and the semiconductor wafer.

Abstract: A cleaning fluid including dispersed gas avoids using ultrasonic energy to induce cavitation by subjecting a liquid containing dissolved gas to a pressure reduction in a bubble machine, to generate a gas/liquid dispersion. The cleaning fluid can be used to clean articles such as semiconductor wafers using a device that includes a holder and a vibrator for supplying ultrasonic or megasonic energy to the article.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phase detector circuit (10) having an RF distribution device (20) which is intended to receive two sinusoidal high-frequency signals (RF, LO) with an input phase difference (?RF(t)??LO(t)) and comprises two power splitters (21, 22) in order to split the two high-frequency signals (RF, LO) into two respective parts, a self-calibrating phase detector module (30) which is configured to receive one respective part of the two high-frequency signals which have been split, a low-noise phase detector module (40) which is configured to receive the respective other part of the high-frequency signals which have been split, and a complementary filter device (50) which is configured to receive the output signals from the self-calibrating phase detector module (30) and the low-noise phase detector module (40) and to output a signal which indicates the time-dependent input phase difference between the two high-frequency signals (RF, LO).

Abstract: A monolithic or hybrid integrated optical processor or optical processing system having a plurality of phase shifting array elements, each controlled by respective control signals, and arranged so that each phase shifting array element lies in a different fractional Fourier transform plane. In various embodiments, at least a portion of the resulting system is implemented in a stack of element materials. In one embodiment, a segment of graded index material lies between consecutive phase shifting array elements. Other features include obtaining images from an electronically-controllable image source, using an image sensor to change the processed image into an electrical output, and using at least one of the phase shifting array element to introduce a phase shift.

Abstract: A system and method for processing and generating control signals for the real-time controlling of signal processors, synthesizers, musical instruments, MIDI processors, lighting, video, and special effects in performance, recording, and composition environments. The invention provides for the use of incoming control signals to control events and parameters of low-frequency oscillators and transient generators. The invention also provides for the processing of control signal values such as addition, multiplication, mirroring, offset, etc., individually or in combination with one another. The invention further provides for the conversion of one type of control signal to another type of control signal, for example conversion of MIDI “note-on message” parameters such as note number and velocity into MIDI “continuous controller messages” etc. The invention is particularly directed towards, but not limited to, the processing and generation of control signals in the form of MIDI messages.

Abstract: A method of forming a semiconductor device includes depositing a fill material (4) on a substrate portion (2) and on a dielectric layer (3) being disposed on the substrate (1) and having an opening (10) located above the substrate portion (2), removing the fill material (4) disposed above the dielectric layer (3), thereby leaving an exposed top surface (6) of the dielectric layer (3) and residual fill material (15) within the opening (10), forming a hard mask material (5) on the exposed top surface (6) of the dielectric layer (3) and on the residual fill material (15), patterning the hard mask material (5) for forming a hard mask (25) having trenches (8a, 8b) extending along a lateral direction (X) and exposing portions of the residual fill material (15) adjacent to the dielectric layer (3) and portions of the dielectric layer (3) adjacent to the residual fill material (15), anisotropically etching the dielectric layer (3), the residual fill material (15) and the substrate (1) selectively to the hard mask (5)

Abstract: A method is disclosed for detecting changes in an interval of time (?T) between an optical or electrical signal and an optical or electrical reference signal using a photodetector. The method may be used to synchronize an optical or electrical signal with an optical or electrical reference signal. An apparatus for carrying out the method is also disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: receiving the optical signal and the optical reference signal by means of the photodetector, outputting an electrical response signal at an output of the photodetector, the electrical response signal having a frequency spectrum which depends on the interval of time (?T), filtering a selected harmonic from the frequency spectrum of the electrical response signal which has been output, and detecting changes in the interval of time (?T) from changes in the amplitude of the selected harmonic.

Abstract: Two independently adjustable and positionable cursors are employed in a visual interface for editing an electronic document. The document may comprise text symbols, text objects, and graphics objects, among others. If both cursors are located in close proximity within the document, then these cursors may be simultaneously displayed in a single window. Otherwise, two areas of the document, each comprising one of the cursors, may be simultaneously displayed using a separate window for each cursor, or alternately selected and displayed in a single window. Copy or cut operations may be made with one cursor, while paste operations may be repeated using the second cursor. Cursor locations may be left unchanged, or they may be moved between or within editing operations. The two cursors may be freely controlled by an enhanced pointing device, such as a high-dimensional touchpad providing at least four independently adjustable parameters.

Abstract: A monolithic or hybrid integrated optical processor or optical processing system having a plurality of phase shifting array elements, each controlled by respective control signals, and arranged so that each phase shifting array element lies in a different fractional Fourier transform plane. In various embodiments, at least a portion of the resulting system is implemented in a stack of element materials. In one embodiment, a segment of graded index material lies between consecutive phase shifting array elements. Other features include obtaining images from an electronically-controllable image source, using an image sensor to change the processed image into an electrical output, and using at least one of the phase shifting array element to introduce a phase shift.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an integrated circuit includes: forming a trench in a substrate, forming a high-k dielectric layer lining the trench, and removing a section of the high-k dielectric layer from the trench via an isotropic dry etch process.

Abstract: A method of forming a semiconductor device includes depositing a fill material (4) on a substrate portion (2) and on a dielectric layer (3) being disposed on the substrate (1) and having an opening (10) located above the substrate portion (2), removing the fill material (4) disposed above the dielectric layer (3), thereby leaving an exposed top surface (6) of the dielectric layer (3) and residual fill material (15) within the opening (10), forming a hard mask material (5) on the exposed top surface (6) of the dielectric layer (3) and on the residual fill material (15), patterning the hard mask material (5) for forming a hard mask (25) having trenches (8a, 8b) extending along a lateral direction (X) and exposing portions of the residual fill material (15) adjacent to the dielectric layer (3) and portions of the dielectric layer (3) adjacent to the residual fill material (15), anisotropically etching the dielectric layer (3), the residual fill material (15) and the substrate (1) selectively to the hard mask (5)

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of fabricating a groove-like structure in a semiconductor device including etching a trench in a substrate, filling the trench with a spin-on-glass liquid forming a spin-on-glass liquid layer containing a solvent, baking the spin-on-glass liquid layer in order to remove the solvent and forming a baked layer, etching the baked layer to a predetermined depth using an etchant that provides a larger etch rate with regard to silicon than with regard to silicon nitride or silicon oxide, and, after etching the baked layer, annealing the remaining baked layer and forming a spin-on-glass oxide layer inside the trench.

Abstract: An integrated circuit is provided, which is formed on a semiconductor substrate. The integrated circuit comprises electronic elements and isolation elements, wherein the electronic elements and the isolation elements are arranged at a top surface of the semiconductor substrate. The isolation elements each are arranged between electronic elements and electrically isolate the electronic elements from each other. Furthermore, the isolation elements comprise an upper part and a lower part, wherein the upper part is broader than the lower part.

Abstract: A floor controller for real-time control of signal processors, synthesizers, musical instruments, MIDI processors, lighting, video, and special effects in performance, recording, and composition enviroments. Various combinations of physical controllers may be utilized (including foot switches, rocking foot pedals, null/contact touch-pads, pressure sensor arrays, etc.), as well as visual displays and internal control processing. Each physical controller may include a separate visual display of assigned name, status, and/or value. Rocking foot pedals may be used to simultaneously control multiple parameters by inclusion of aditional sensors. Each physical controller may be assigned specific control message functions, values, names, temporal event sequences, and invocation rules dicated by assignable state-machines. Assignments may be selected from organized structures via the physical controller elements.

Abstract: Fractional Fourier transform properties inherent in lens systems and other light and particle-beam environments may be exploited to correct misfocus effects in photographs, digital files, video, and other types of images. Small corrections may utilize fractional Fourier transform approximations around the reflection operator. The fractional Fourier transform and approximations can be rendered by optical or numerical methods, alone or in combination, directly or though use of a conventional discrete Fourier transform in combination with multiplying phase “chirps.” The corrective fractional Fourier transform power may be determined automatically or by human operator.

Abstract: Fractional Fourier transform properties of lenses or other elements or optical environments are used to introduce one or more positive-definite optical transfer functions outside the Fourier plane so as to realize or closely approximate arbitrary non-positive-definite transfer functions. Designs can be straightforwardly obtained by methods of approximation. The invention provides for single and multiple channel controllable optical processors which may be used for image or other types of computation, including computation with complex-valued arithmetic, visual color, and wide-spectrum optical signals. The invention also provides for synthesis of Fractional Fourier transforms, extensions to non-Hermite basis functions, phase-shifting filter elements and non-quadratic graded-index materials (which do not naturally invoke the Fractional Fourier transform operation).

Abstract: A system and method for real-time controlling of signal processors, synthesizers, musical instruments, MIDI processors, lighting, video, and special effects in performance, recording, and composition environments using images derived from tactile sensors, pressure sensor arrays, optical transducer arrays, chemical sensor arrays, body sensor arrays, and numerical computation. The invention provides for pressure sensor arrays and body sensor arrays as tactile control interfaces, for video cameras and light sensor arrays as optical transducers, for chemical sensor arrays, and for other numerical image generation from computer processing or numeric simulation. Tactile transducers may be put on instrument keys of conventional instruments, be attached to existing instruments, or be used to create entirely new instrument or controller configurations.

Abstract: A system and method for real-time controlling of signal processors, synthesizers, musical instruments, MIDI processors, lighting, video, and special effects in performance, recording, and composition environments using images derived from tactile sensors, pressure sensor arrays, optical transducer arrays, chemical sensor arrays, body sensor arrays, and numerical computation. The invention provides for null/contact touch-pads, pressure sensor arrays, and body sensor arrays as tactile control interfaces, for video cameras and light sensor arrays as optical transducers, for chemical sensor arrays, and for other numerical image generation from computer processing or numeric simulation. Tactile transducers may be put on instrument keys of conventional instruments, be attached to existing instruments, or be used to create entirely new instrument or controller configurations.