Abstract: A calibration method and apparatus for economical and rapid calibration of a scientific instrument utilizing a monochromator to generate monochromatic light utilizing controllable means for determining the angular position of a light dispersing element in the monochromator and a filter having a narrow absorption band(s) to determine a relationship between the wavelength of the monochromatic light generated by the monochromator and an angular position of the dispersing element so that the dispersing element can be rotated to an exact position for the monochromator to generate a selected wavelength of monochromatic light.

Abstract: A record of calibration data containing determined values required for accurate operation of a scientific instrument measuring transmissions or absorbance of light in analysis is provided. A method of maintaining and using the records generated by the instrument permits use of the instrument to determine which records are required for efficient and easy instrument usage.

Abstract: A display system and method utilizing a common character generator among a plurality of display devices. Each display device generates address signals which are multiplexed and applied to the character generator. The output from the character generator is used to control the visual representation produced by each display device. A graphics memory of picture elements can be addressed for a composite display of graphics and alphanumeric characters by the various display devices.

Abstract: A video display memory expansion system for expanding the graphics memory within the video display. The memory expansion system is suited for increasing the resolution of a graphics display from a low-resolution to a high-resolution display. A video display device is adapted to receive a relatively simple graphics memory expansion accessory to thereby easily and inexpensively provide the increased graphics memory capability.