Abstract: Specific binding assays are disclosed which utilize a sensitizer as a label. Such sensitizers include any moiety which, when stimulated by "exaitation" with radiation of one or more wavelengths or other chemical or physical stimulus (e.g., electron transfer, electrolysis, electroluminescence or energy transfer), will achieve an excited state which (a) upon interaction with molecular oxygen will produce singlet molecular oxygen, or (b) upon interaction with a leucodye will assume a reduced form which can then be returned to its original unexcited state by interaction with molecular oxygen resulting in the production of hydrogen peroxide. Either interaction with the excited sensitizer will, with the addition of other reagents, produce a detectable signal.

Abstract: Specific binding assays are disclosed which utilize a sensitizer as a label. Such sensitizers include any moiety which, when stimulated by "excitation" with radiation of one or more wavelengths or other chemical or physical stimulus (e.g., electron transfer, electrolysis, electroluminescence or energy transfer), will achieve an excited state which (a) upon interaction with molecular oxygen will produce singlet molecular oxygen, or (b) upon interaction with a leucodye will assume a reduced form which can then be returned to its original unexcited state by interaction with molecular oxygen resulting in the production of hydrogen peroxide. Either interaction with the excited sensitizer will, with the addition of other reagents, produce a detectable signal.

Abstract: Described are a class of chemiluminescent compound characterized by the presence an aryl ester, thioester or amide of a carboxylic acid substituted heterocyclic ring that is susceptible to chemical attack (such as by oxidic attack) to dissociate the heterocyclic ring to a transient compound. The heterocyclic ring is ring carbon-bonded to the carbonyl of the ester, thioester and amide moiety and possesses a heteroatom in an oxidation state that allows chemiluminescence by dissociating a compound ("intermediate") that decays to produce chemiluminescence, at the carbon bonded to the carbonyl. The aryl ring or ring system is ring carbon-bonded to the oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen of the ester, thioester or amide, as the case may be, and contains at least three substituents on a six-member ring. The substitution on the six-member ring comprises three or more groups acting in concert to sterically and electronically hinder hydrolysis of the ester, thioester or amide linkage.

Abstract: A chemiluminescent label compound and conjugate containing the same, in which the compound involves a fused ring system comprising a(i) hetercyclic ring as a fused member thereof in which the heterocyclic ring contains(a) one or more nitrogen heteroatoms in the ring;(b) at least one saturated or unsaturated ring in fused state with the heterocyclic ring;(c) an available carbon atom in the heterocyclic ring that is adjacent to a carbon forming a fused ring with the heterocyclic ring; and(d) at least one substituent that is peri relative said available carbon of the heterocyclic ring, which substituent serves to enhance the hydrolytic stability of the chemiluminescent label compound; and(ii) a leaving group coupled to the heterocyclic ring through a carbon adjacent to a fused ring carbon such that the leaving group and heterocyclic ring join to form a difunctional carboxy-containing linkage in which the carboxy carbon is directly bonded to the carbon of the heterocyclic ring adjacent to a fused ring carbon,(a)

Abstract: A novel chemiluminescent labeling compositions comprising an ester, thioester or amide covalently and jointly bonded to (1) a carbon of a heterocyclic ring or ring system that is susceptible to attack by peroxide or molecular oxygen and (2) an aryl ring or ring system wherein the heterocyclic ring or ring system is distinguished by a heteroatom thereof in an oxidation state which causes the attacked carbon atom to form an intermediate that decays and produces chemiluminescence; the aryl ring or ring system contains at least three substituents on a six-member aromatic hydrocarbon that together sterically and electronically hinder hydrolysis of the linkage, which substituents involve ortho substituent groups on the aryl in conjunction with meta and/or para substituents thereon that possess an electron withdrawing capacity characterized as a .sigma..sub.p value greater than 0 and less than 1.

Abstract: A chemiluminescent compound possessing an aryl ester, thioester or amide of a carboxylic acid substituted heterocyclic ring or ring system that is susceptible to chemical attack to dissociate the heterocyclic ring to a transient compound. The heterocyclic ring is ring carbon-bonded to the carbonyl of the ester, thioester or amide moiety and possesses a heteroatom in an oxidation state that allows chemiluminescence by dissociating a compound at the carbon bonded to the carbonyl that decays to produce chemiluminescence. The heterocyclic ring or ring sustem contains bonded to it through an organic moiety, a functional group that is functionally reactive with an active hydrogen containing compound. The aryl ring is a ring or ring system that is ring carbon-bonded to the oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen of the ester, thioester or amide, as the case may be, and contains substituents on a six-member ring that act to sterically and electronically hinder hydrolysis of the ester, thioester or amide linkage.

Abstract: A novel chemiluminescent labeling compositions comprising an ester or thiolester covalently and jointly bonded to (1) a carbon of a heterocyclic ring or ring system that is susceptible to attack by peroxide or molecular oxygen and (2) an aryl ring or ring system wherein the heterocyclic ring or ring system is distinquished by a heteroatom thereof in an oxidation state which causes the attacked carbon atom to form an intermediate that decays and produces chemiluminescence; the aryl ring or ring system contains at least three substituents on a six-member aromatic hydrocarbon that together sterically and electronically hinder hydrolysis of the linkage, which substituents involve ortho substituent groups on the aryl in conjunction with quaternary ammonium meta or para substituents thereon.