Abstract: Technologies and techniques for providing a current brightness value relating to an ambient brightness, wherein at least one first raw brightness value and temporally thereafter at least one second raw brightness value are detected using at least one brightness sensor. An averaging may be carried out at least for the at least one second raw brightness value together with at least the at least one first raw brightness value, and a result of the averaging being provided as a current mean brightness value. A gradient limitation is carried out for the current mean brightness value, in which a deviation of the current mean brightness value from at least one previously provided brightness value is limited to at least one maximum permissible amount if the deviation of the current brightness mean value from the at least one previously provided brightness value is greater than the at least one maximum permissible amount.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrolyte for the electrochemical deposition of palladium or palladium alloys on metallic or conductive substrates. The invention likewise relates to a corresponding electroplating process using this electrolyte and specific palladium salts which can be advantageously used in this process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ruthenium electrolyte which is suitable for the deposition of decorative and industrial layers having a particular blackness. The invention further relates to the use of the electrolyte of the invention in a process for the deposition of decorative and industrial layers of ruthenium having a particular blackness (“black ruthenium) on jewelry, decorative goods, consumer goods and industrial articles. The invention therefore likewise relates to corresponding layers and the articles coated in this way. The electrolyte is characterized in that it operates in the weakly acidic to alkaline pH range.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anode system for conventional electrolysis cells, a process for the production thereof and its use for the deposition of electrolytic coatings. The anode system is characterized in that the anode (2) is in direct contact with a membrane (3) which completely separates the anode space from the cathode space. This anode system is therefore a direct-contact membrane anode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrolyte and a process for depositing bronze alloys on consumer goods and industrial articles. The electrolyte of the invention comprises, in addition to the metals to be deposited and additives such as wetting agents, complexing agents and brighteners, in particular sulfur compounds which have a positive effect in the corresponding process for the deposition of the bronzes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing palladium complexes. In particular, the present invention relates to a process in which ammoniacal complexes of palladium (hydrogen)carbonate are converted into complexes with oligoamine ligands.

Abstract: Consumer goods and industrial articles are electro-plated with bronze layers for decorative reasons and to protect them against corrosion. The electrolytes used hitherto for producing decorative bronze layers are either cyanide-containing or, as in the case of baths based on organosulphonic acids, highly corrosive or have, as in the case of cyanide-free baths based on diphosphoric acid, unsatisfactory long-term stabilities. Electrolytes which are used for applying solderable bronze layers in the electronics industry usually contain toxic or very toxic thio compounds. The present invention provides a non-toxic electrolyte which displays long-term stability for the electrolytic deposition of decorative bronze layers and a corresponding process for the application of such decorative bronze layers to consumer goods and industrial articles.

Abstract: Consumer goods and industrial articles are electroplated with bronze layers for decorative purposes and for protection against corrosion. The electrolytes used hitherto for producing decorative bronze layers are cyanide-containing or, as in the case of baths based on organosulfonic acids, highly corrosive, or, as in the case of cyanide-free baths based on diphosphoric acid, give unsatisfactory brightness and shine. The present invention provides a nontoxic electrolyte for the electrochemical deposition of uniformly bright and shiny bronze layers and a corresponding process for the application of such decorative bronze layers to consumer goods and industrial articles, by means of which relatively thick bronze layers can also be deposited electrochemically in a satisfactory way.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrolyte for the electrochemical deposition of palladium or palladium alloys on metallic or conductive substrates. The invention likewise relates to a corresponding electroplating process using this electrolyte and specific palladium salts which can be advantageously used in this process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a modified copper-tin electrolyte which is free of toxic constituents such as cyanides or thio compounds. The invention further relates to a process for the deposition of decorative bronze layers on consumer goods and industrial articles using the electrolyte of the invention. The electrolyte comprises an additive formed from epichlorohydrin and hexamethylenetetramine and contains carbonate or hydrogencarbonate ions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing palladium complexes. In particular, the present invention relates to a process in which ammoniacal complexes of palladium (hydrogen)carbonate are converted into complexes with oligoamine ligands.

Abstract: Consumer goods and industrial articles are electro-plated with bronze layers for decorative reasons and to protect them against corrosion. The electrolytes used hitherto for producing decorative bronze layers are either cyanide-containing or, as in the case of baths based on organosulphonic acids, highly corrosive or have, as in the case of cyanide-free baths based on diphosphoric acid, unsatisfactory long-term stabilities. Electrolytes which are used for applying solderable bronze layers in the electronics industry usually contain toxic or very toxic thio compounds. The present invention provides a non-toxic electrolyte which displays long-term stability for the electrolytic deposition of decorative bronze layers and a corresponding process for the application of such decorative bronze layers to consumer goods and industrial articles.