Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the anti-corrosion pre-treatment of a plurality of components in series, in which the components of the series are at least partially formed of iron and/or steel, and in which the components of the series each initially undergo a first conversion stage, followed by a rinsing stage and a subsequent second conversion stage, wherein, in the conversion stages, respective acidic aqueous conversion solutions based on compounds of the elements Zr and/or Ti dissolved in water are brought into contact with the components, and, additionally, copper ions are contained in the conversion solution for the second stage.

Abstract: A measurement system for measuring a position of an eyebox of a virtual image of a pair of spectacles that can be worn on the head of a user can include a holding device for holding the spectacles at a predefined position, and a projection area element, onto which light beams that generate a virtual image can be projected via the first spectacle lens when the spectacles are held by the holding device. The projection area element is arranged at such a position in relation to the first spectacle lens that when the spectacles are held by the holding device, the position of the projection area element at least partially corresponds to the position of a pupil of the user when the user wears the spectacles on the head.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a simple process for regenerating a hydroformylation catalyst consisting of a heterogenized catalyst system on a support consisting of a porous ceramic material. The invention also relates to a process for the start-up of the hydroformylation reaction after regeneration according to the invention.

Abstract: Systems and processes for calculating sustainability footprints and controlling associated systems are provided herein. Activity data may be received for an organization, and emissions factors may be determined for the activity data. Absolute, relative, and/or average relative footprints may be calculated for the organization based on the activity data and the emissions factors. An indication of the absolute, relative, and/or average relative footprints may be generated for display on a graphical user interface of a computing device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for zinc phosphating components comprising surfaces made of zinc in order to suppress the formation of insoluble phosphation constituents removably adhered to the zinc surfaces and thus further improve the adhesion of dip-paint coatings applied later. In the method, a process is used of activating the zinc surfaces by means of dispersions containing particulate hopeite, phosphophyllite, scholzite, and/or hureaulite, wherein the proportion of particulate phosphates in the activation process must be adapted to the quantity of free fluoride and dissolved silicon in the zinc phosphation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for zinc phosphating components so as to form layers, said components comprising surfaces made of steel with a high tolerance against aluminum dissolved in the zinc phosphating bath, wherein the precipitation of poorly soluble aluminum salts can be largely prevented. In the method, a process is used of activating the zinc surfaces by means of dispersions containing particulate hopeite, phosphophyllite, scholzite, and/or hureaulite, wherein the proportion of particulate phosphates in the activation process must be adapted to the quantity of free fluoride and dissolved aluminum in the zinc phosphation.

Abstract: A method for phosphating metal surfaces in a layer-forming manner using a colloidal aqueous solution as an activation stage containing a dispersed particulate constituent, the particulate constituent containing dispersed inorganic compounds of phosphates of polyvalent metal cations; plus polymeric organic compounds as dispersing agents, which are composed at least partially of styrene and/or an ?-olefin having no more than 5 carbon atoms and are composed at least partially of maleic acid, its anhydride and/or its imide, the polymeric organic compounds additionally comprising polyoxyalkylene units. In the activation stage of the method according to the invention, the addition of condensed phosphates can be dispensed with such that the content of dissolved condensed phosphates in the colloidal aqueous solution is less than 0.25, based on the phosphate content in the particulate constituent thereof, in each case based on the element P.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for phosphating metal surfaces in a layer-forming manner using a colloidal aqueous solution as an activation stage, containing a dispersed particulate constituent, the particulate constituent containing, in addition to dispersed inorganic compounds of phosphates of polyvalent metal cations, polymeric organic compounds as dispersing agents which are composed at least partially of styrene and/or an ?-olefin having no more than 5 carbon atoms and are composed at least partially of maleic acid, its anhydride and/or its imide, the polymeric organic compounds additionally comprising polyoxyalkylene units. The cleaning and rinsing stages preceding the activation stage as well as the activation stage itself can be carried out using service water in a resource-saving manner without any loss of activation performance, the colloidal aqueous solution containing at least 0.5 mmol/L of alkaline-earth metal ions dissolved in water.

Abstract: A method for the preliminary treatment against corrosion of a plurality of metallic components, in which dragging of water-soluble phosphates from an acid passivation process using water-dissolved phosphates as the active components, e.g. a phosphating process, into the dip coating treatment stage, is effectively prevented.

Abstract: A method for anti-corrosion coating of metal components, in series, comprising a plurality of wet-chemical treatment steps concluding in cathodic electrodeposition, in which method each component is received by a conveying rack; then the component and conveying rack proceed through all treatment steps; the finished coated component is separated from the conveying rack; and an uncoated component is then received by the same conveying rack for coating; wherein build-up of solid coating deposits on the conveying rack is prevented by using an additional treatment step before cleaning/degreasing, passivation and electrodeposition, thereby avoiding extraction of individual conveying elements for removing coating deposits; wherein removal of cathodic electrodeposition coating constituents from conveying racks is achieved by contacting the conveying racks carrying components to be coated with an aqueous acidic agent, containing phosphoric acid, before the wet-chemical treatment steps for cleaning/degreasing, passivat

Abstract: A color filter comprising a cured layer of a photosensitive resist composition comprising a highly reactive polyacrylate monomer and a process for the preparation thereof are provided. The color filter is especially useful for low temperature applications such as electrophoretic displays, polymer dispersed liquid crystal displays, OLED devices and the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for zinc phosphating components so as to form layers, said components comprising surfaces made of steel with a high tolerance against aluminum dissolved in the zinc phosphating bath, wherein the precipitation of poorly soluble aluminum salts can be largely prevented. In the method, a process is used of activating the zinc surfaces by means of dispersions containing particulate hopeite, phosphophyllite, scholzite, and/or hureaulite, wherein the proportion of particulate phosphates in the activation process must be adapted to the quantity of free fluoride and dissolved aluminum in the zinc phosphation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for zinc phosphating components comprising surfaces made of zinc in order to suppress the formation of insoluble phosphation constituents removably adhered to the zinc surfaces and thus further improve the adhesion of dip-paint coatings applied later. In the method, a process is used of activating the zinc surfaces by means of dispersions containing particulate hopeite, phosphophyllite, scholzite, and/or hureaulite, wherein the proportion of particulate phosphates in the activation process must be adapted to the quantity of free fluoride and dissolved silicon in the zinc phosphation.

Abstract: A method for corrosion protection treatment, comprising contacting a series of components having metallic surfaces of iron and/or zinc with a passivating aqueous pretreatment solution, present in a system tank, containing compounds of the elements zirconium and/or titanium, and contacting with a source of fluoride ions wherein a portion of the pretreatment solution is discarded and replaced with a volume portion of one or more such replenishment solutions which in total are at least of equal size, by metered addition to the system tank of the pretreatment and wherein discarding as a function of the molar ratio of the elements fluorine to zirconium and/or titanium must not drop below a predefined value, the metered addition of replenishment solution takes place such that maintaining the concentration of the elements zirconium and/or titanium in the passivating aqueous pretreatment solution in the form of water-soluble compounds is ensured.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the serial surface treatment of metal components that have zinc surfaces, wherein the method comprises an alkaline pretreatment, and a method for the selective removal of zinc ions from an alkaline bath solution for the serial surface treatment of metal surfaces that have zinc surfaces. According to the invention, in order to perform each method, part of the alkaline aqueous bath solution is brought in contact with an ion exchange resin that bears functional groups selected from —OPO3X2/n and/or —PO3X2/n, wherein X is either a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal and/or alkaline-earth metal atom to be exchanged having the particular valency n.

Abstract: This invention relates to end-functionalized living polymers or copolymers having a structure represented by the general formula 1 or 2, wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a radically non-polymerizable organic group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method for the preliminary treatment against corrosion of a plurality of metallic components, in which dragging of water-soluble phosphates from an acid passivation process using water-dissolved phosphates as the active components, e.g. a phosphating process, into the dip coating treatment stage, is effectively prevented.

Abstract: A method for the preliminary treatment against corrosion of a plurality of metallic components, in which dragging of water-soluble phosphates from an acid passivation process using water-dissolved phosphates as the active components, e.g. a phosphating process, into the dip coating treatment stage, is effectively prevented.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for serial surface treatment of metallic components comprising aluminum surfaces, wherein an alkaline pretreatment is followed by a conversion treatment. According to the invention, the intention during the alkaline pretreatment is that a maximum value for the concentration of dissolved zinc is not exceeded, in order to ensure a sufficient quality of the corrosion-protective coating on the aluminum surface of the components following the surface treatment. In a preferred embodiment, the content of dissolved zinc is effectively held below the respective bath-typical maximum value of dissolved zinc by the addition of compounds constituting a source of sulfide ions. The functionality of the surface treatment can be additionally increased by likewise controlling the content of dissolved aluminum in the alkaline pretreatment such that, by adding compounds constituting a source for silicate anions, a threshold value for dissolved aluminum is not exceeded.

Abstract: The present disclosure involves systems and methods for providing end-to-end tamper protection in a cloud integration environment. One example method includes receiving, at a receiver in a cloud-based integration scenario, a B2B communication from a sender including data associated with a business transaction, the received communication in a target format. The cloud-based integration system transforms the original communication in a source format into the target format of the receiver. A digitally-signed sender fingerprint of critical fields extracted from the set of data associated with the at least one business transaction in the source format of the original B2B communication are received and verified as signed by the sender. A receiver fingerprint in the target format is generated using the critical fields from the received communication based on a pre-defined algorithm. The sender fingerprint and the generated receiver fingerprint are compared to determine if they are identical.