Abstract: Chronic pain patients complain about sleep disturbance with a high probability, while sleep loss increases pain in chronic pain patients. Sleep problems and pain promote a vicious spiral, suggesting a need for simultaneous treatment of both. The present invention provides a method to treat pain-related sleep disorders through distribution of a therapeutic amount of a KOR antagonist. The use of KOR antagonist could be a novel therapeutic agent for sleep disturbance in chronic pain patients. Additionally, KOR antagonists could be used to improve sleep in other conditions, such as depression or general anxiety disorder, where KOR signaling is induced.

Abstract: Method of treating or reducing a symptom of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically-effective amount of botulinum neurotoxin. Composition for use in treating or reducing a symptom of TBI in a subject comprising botulinum neurotoxin. Computer system programmed to receive information related to a subject's response to administration of botulinum neurotoxin, store that response in a database, and transmit the response to a medical practitioner. Non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by a computer system, causes the computer system to perform the aforementioned steps.

Abstract: Opioid receptor ligands (ORLs) that are multifunctional having agonist activity at mu opioid receptor (MOR), agonist activity at delta opioid receptor (DOR), and antagonist (or partial agonist) activity at kappa opioid receptor (KOR) are for the treatment of pain. The ORLs comprise peptide portions that are analogs derived from enkephalins, endomorphins, or [DArg2, Lys4]-dermorphine (DALDA), as well as tail portions that comprise a lipophilic molecule such as a 4-anilidopiperidine moiety.

Abstract: Described are Dynorphin A analog compounds and uses thereof for treating pain in humans and lower animals by administering to a human or lower animal in need of treatment. The compounds interact with the bradykinin receptor to relieve pain. Preferred compounds are amphipathic [Des-Arg7]-dynorphin A peptide analogs and specific cyclic dynorphin A peptide analogs.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of improving impaired proprioception, treating brachial plexus injuries, regenerating large and small nerve fibers, treating dorsal root nerve injuries, and improving sensory neural responses in a subject by administration of a neublastin polypeptide.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for treating, ameliorating, and preventing anesthesia-induced hypothermia and/or postsurgical associated hyperalgesia in a mammalian subject comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an ion channel TRPV1 inhibitor.

Abstract: Opioid receptor ligands (ORLs) that are multifunctional having agonist activity at mu opioid receptor (MOR), agonist activity at delta opioid receptor (DOR), and antagonist (or partial agonist) activity at kappa opioid receptor (KOR). The ORLs comprise peptide portions that are analogs derived from enkephalins, EM-1, or DALDA, as well as tail portions that comprise a lipophilic molecule such as a 4-anilidopiperidine moiety.

Abstract: Described are Dynorphin A analog compounds and uses thereof for treating pain in humans and lower animals by administering to a human or lower animal in need of treatment. The compounds interact with the bradykinin receptor to relieve pain. Preferred compounds are amphipathic [Des-Arg7]-dynorphin A peptide analogs and specific cyclic dynorphin A peptide analogs.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula: wherein R is C1-6 alkyl; C4-6 cycloalkylalkyl; or C3-6 alkenyl; R? is H or C1-6 alkyl; X is H or OH; Y is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl or aroyl; and Z is CH or N; provided that X is H, when Z is CH and R is C4 cycloalkylalkyl or C4 alkenyl; prodrugs thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are provided. Compounds of the above formula are useful as analgesics for treating pain; as immunomodulators, to modulate the behavioral effects of drugs of abuse and to modulate the development of tolerance and dependence to ? agonists.

Abstract: The present invention features animal models of migraine pain that can be used in a variety of ways, e.g., to identify compounds that reduce migraine pain or other migraine symptoms, to investigate behavioral changes correlated with the development and maintenance of a migraine-like state, and to better understand the mechanisms that underlie migraine pain.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula: wherein R is C1-6 alkyl; C4-6 cycloalkylalkyl; or C3-6 alkenyl; R? is H or C1-6 alkyl; X is H or OH; Y is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl or aroyl; and Z is CH or N; provided that X is H, when Z is CH and R is C4 cycloalkylalkyl or C4 alkenyl; prodrugs thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are provided. Compounds of the above formula are useful as analgesics for treating pain; as immunomodulators, to modulate the behavioral effects of drugs of abuse and to modulate the development of tolerance and dependence to ? agonists.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of improving impaired proprioception, treating brachial plexus injuries, regenerating large and small nerve fibers, treating dorsal root nerve injuries, and improving sensory neural responses in a subject by administration of a neublastin polypeptide.

Abstract: The invention features methods of treating visceral pain in humans by administering an effective amount of a 5HT1B or 5HT1D receptor agonist, (e.g., a triptan). These methods can be used, for example, to treat a human suffering from visceral pain secondary to an underlying disease of a visceral organ, such as pancreatitis. Visceral pain treatable by the methods of the invention may also be secondary to a disease of the liver, kidney, ovary, uterus, bladder, bowel, stomach, esophagus, duodenum, intestine, colon, spleen, pancreas, appendix, heart, or peritoneum.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula: wherein R is C1-6 alkyl; C4-6 cycloalkylalkyl; or C3-6 alkenyl; R? is H or C1-6 alkyl; X is H or OH; Y is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl or aroyl; and Z is CH or N; provided that X is H, when Z is CH and R is C4 cycloalkylalkyl or C4 alkenyl; prodrugs thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are provided. Compounds of the above formula are useful as analgesics for treating pain; as immunomodulators, to modulate the behavioral effects of drugs of abuse and to modulate the development of tolerance and dependence to ? agonists.

Abstract: Compounds represented by formula (I) wherein R is C1-6cycloalkylalkyl; or C3-6 alkenyl; R? is H or C1-6 alkyl; X is H or OH; Y is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl or aroyl; and Z is CH or N; provided that X is H, when Z is CH and R is C4 cycloalkylalkyl or C4 alkenyl; prodrugs thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are provided. Compounds of the above formula are useful as analgesics for treating pain; as immunomodulators, to modulate the behavioral effects of drugs of abuse and to modulate the development of tolerance and dependence of ? agonists.

Abstract: The present invention features animal models of migraine pain that can be used in a variety of ways, e.g., to identify compounds that reduce migraine pain or other migraine symptoms, to investigate behavioral changes correlated with the development and maintenance of a migraine-like state, and to better understand the mechanisms that underlie migraine pain.

Abstract: A therapeutic method is provided to inhibit the use of cocaine by the administration of an effective amount of certain selective delta opioid receptor antagonists to a human patient in need of such treatment.