Abstract: Improved liquid crystalline materials may be prepared by doping liquid crystalline materials with chiral, uncharged metal compounds of formula [(P1—Y1—A1—Y2—M1—Y3—)nL]2Me or [(P1—Y1—A1—Y2—M1—Y3—)nL]Me(L′(—Y6—M2—Y5—A2—Y4—P2)n′)m. Groups P1 and P2 may be, independently, hydrogen, C1-C12-alkyl groups, polymerizable groups, or radicals containing a polymerizable group. Y1 to Y6 may be, independently, single chemical bonds, ether groups, thio groups, carbonyl groups, acid groups, etc. Groups A1 and A2 are spacers having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and M1 and M2 are mesogenic groups. Me may be a transition metal from the fourth, fifth or sixth period of the periodic table, except for technetium, silver, cadmium, gold, mercury, or any of the lanthanoids, or Me may be a main group element from group 14 (IUPAC system), except for carbon and lead.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of compounds of the formula I in which X is the divalent radical of oxygen, a carbonyl radical, optionally aliphatically substituted imino or the radical ═CR9R10, Y is a carbonyl group or the radical ═CR9R10, R1 and R2 are identical or different electron-withdrawing radicals, chosen from the group consisting of cyano, alkyl- or arylcarbonyl, alkyloxy- or aryloxycarbonyl, optionally substituted aminocarbonyl, alkyl- or arylsulfinyl, alkyl- or arylsulfonyl and optionally substituted aminosulfonyl, R3 is a hydrogen atom, a cyano, hydroxyl, carboxyl or aminocarbonyl group or a C5-C20-aryl radical or C1-C20-alkylradical optionally bonded via an oxygen bridge, an aminocarbonyl bridge or oxycarbonyl bridge, R4 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, or a C5-C20-aryl radical or C1-C20-alkyl radical optionally bonded via an oxygen bridge, and R5 to R10 independently of one another are hydrogen or C1-C20-alkyl radicals and where in additio

Abstract: Reactive dyes of the formula I where a is 1 or 2, b is 0 or 1, Y is vinyl or a radical of the formula C2H4Q, where Q is an alkali-detachable group, L3 is a direct bond or a bridge member of the formula CO—NH—M1, where M1 is C2-C6-alkylene with or without interruption by 1 or 2 unadjacent oxygen atoms, imino or C1-C4-alkylimino groups, A1 is hydroxysulfonyl or a radical of the formula SO2Y, A2 is hydrogen, hydroxysulfonyl, methoxy, chlorine, bromine or carboxyl, W is either in case 1) the radical of a coupling component, of a monoazo dye or additionally, when b=0, of a disazo dye, which may each bear further fiber-reactive groups, or  in case 2) the radical of a chromophore which optionally has further reactive groups, L1 and L2 are each a bridge member, are useful for hair dyeing and for use in cosmetic preparations for dyeing hair.

Abstract: Chiral dopants of the formula I Z1—Y1—(A1)m—Y2—M—Y3—X—Y4—(A2)n—Y5—Z2  I in which the variables have, independently of one another, the following meanings: A1 and A2 a spacer with a chain length of 1 to 30 carbon atoms; Y1 to Y5 a chemical bond, —O—, —S—, —C(═O)—, —C(═O)—O—, —O—C(═O)—, —CH═CH—C(═O)—O—, —O—C(═O)—O—, —C(═O)—N(R)— or —(R)N—C(═O)—, —CH2—O—, —O—CH2—, —CH═N—, —N═CH— or —N═N—; M a mesogenic group; R hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl; Z1 and Z2 hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, a polymerizable group or a radical having a polymerizable group; x a dianhydrohexitol residue selected from the group consisting of dianhydrosorbitol, dianhydromannitol and dianhydroiditol;

Abstract: The use of compounds of the formula I in which R1 and R2 are identical or different, electron-withdrawing radicals chosen from the group consisting of cyano, alkyl- or arylcarbonyl, alkyloxy- or aryloxycarbonyl and optionally substituted aminocarbonyl, R3 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-C20-alkyl radical or a C3-C20-cycloalkyl radical or a radical of the formula —CH2-CH2—SO3—M+, where M+ is a cation, X is the divalent radical of oxygen, sulfur or the radical  where R3 is as defined above, Z is the divalent radical of the formula II or III, which forms a fused system with the radical of the formula I  where R4 can be bonded one or more times to the benzylidene ring I or naphthylidene ring II, and is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkyloxy, cycloalkyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, mono- or dialkylaminocarbonyl, alkylamino, dialkylamino, each having up to 20 carbon atoms, and also cyano, amino and SO3—M+, where M+ is a c

Abstract: Use of amino-substituted hydroxybenzophenones of the formula I in which the variables have the meanings explained in the description, as photostable UV filters in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations for protecting human skin or human hair from the sun's rays, alone or together with compounds which absorb in the UV region and are known per se for cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations.

Abstract: The reactive dyes have the general formula I where n is 0 or 1, m is 0 or 1, Y is vinyl or a radical of the formula C2H4Q, where Q is an alkali-detachable group, L is C2-C6-alkylene with or without interruption by 1 or 2 nonadjacent oxygen atoms or 1 or 2 imino groups or is cyclohexylene, Hal is fluorine or chlorine, R1 is hydrogen or hydroxysulfonylmethyl, R2 is hydrogen or hydroxysulfonylmethyl, and R3 is carboxyl or hydroxysulfonyl and may also be hydrogen when R1 and/or R2 are each hydroxysulfonylmethyl.

Abstract: Disclosed are polymerizable liquid-crystalline compounds of the general formula (I) 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid-crystalline compositions of matter comprising, as components,

Abstract: Flavonoids of the formula 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to chiral 1,3-dioxane compounds and diastereomers thereof of the general formula I 1

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of substituted dibenzoylmethane compounds of the formula I, which comprises a1) condensing benzaldehydes of the formula II with acetophenones of the formula III to give the chalkones of the formula IV or a2) condensing benzaldehydes of the formula V with acetophenones of the formula VI to give the chalkones of the formula VII b) converting the chalcones of the formulae IV and VII into the dibenzoylmethane compounds of the formula I, the substituents R1 and R2 being defined as in the description.

Abstract: Cholesteric liquid-crystalline polymers, especially cholesteric liquid-crystalline polyesters, polycarbonates or polyamides, are used as photostable UV screens in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations for protecting the human epidermis or hair against UV radiation, especially in the region from 280 to 450 nm.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of substituted, dimeric .alpha.-alkylstyrene derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## in which the substituents are as defined in the description, as photostable UV filters in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations for protecting human skin or human hair against solar rays, alone or together with compounds which absorb in the UV region and which are known per se for cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations.