Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a flexible polyurethane foam by reacting, at a reaction temperature within a temperature range of between about 70.degree. F. and about 150.degree. F., a reaction mixture comprised of a polyol, an organic isocyanate, water, an encapsulated blowing agent, and a reaction catalyst, wherein the encapsulated blowing agent comprises a shell and a core, said shell comprising a polymer having a melting point above the initial reaction temperature, and said core comprising a gaseous blowing agent or blowing agent precursor for blowing said reaction mixture at said reaction temperature. In another aspect, the present invention relates to a process for cooling a hot polyurethane foam utilizing encapsulated water contained in the foam forming reaction mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for making a flame retardant polyurethane foam which comprises reacting a reaction mixture consisting essentially of a propylene oxide-based polyol that is essentially free of ethylene oxide moieties, a polyisocyanate, melamine in an amount of between about 5 and about 55 parts by weight per hundred parts of the polyol, a halogenated phosphate supplemental flame retardant in an amount of between 8 and about 50 parts by weight per hundred parts of the polyol, and water in an amount of between about 3 and about 6 parts by weight per hundred parts of the polyol, said polyol being further characterized by a molecular weight of between about 2,500 and about 6,000, to provide a polyurethane foam characterized by enhanced flame retardancy.

Abstract: A calcium hypochlorite-containing emulsion having an emulsifying agent which comprises an oil soluble ethylene oxide adduct of an alkylphenol having from about 4 to about 7 moles of ethylene oxide and an oil soluble alkyl aryl sulfonate in a chlorinated organic solvent.This emulsion is suitable for decontaminating areas, structures and articles which have been contaminated with toxic chemical agents. The emulsion can be prepared from calcium hypochlorite compounds made from a wide variety of processes and can be used over a broad rang of climatic conditions. The emulsions are consistently formed very rapidly and can spread, penetrate and remain stable for sufficient amounts of time to provide complete neutralization of the contaminating agent.