Abstract: The invention relates to a machine (1) that has: a tank (21) in which a liquid food substance, e.g. milk, is processed; a food substance agitator (4); a food substance heating surface (6); a temperature sensor (81) sensing a temperature of the heating surface (6) or of the liquid food substance; and a control unit (8) controlling an activation of the agitator (4) and of the heating surface (6). The control unit (8) is configured to deactivate the agitator (4) and the heating surface (6) by deactivating first the heating surface (6) and then later deactivating the agitator (4) at an end of a run-off time determined by the control unit (8) based on a run-off temperature that is sensed by the temperature sensor (81) after the heating surface (6) has been deactivated.

Abstract: A device for filling a receptacle with a beverage and a user interface for allowing a user to select a desired level of fill of beverage in the receptacle. The interface includes a mechanism for detecting an object below the outlet, such that the receptacle can be filled with the beverage up to the user selected level of fill, wherein the detection mechanism is arranged to detect a position of a human finger or a hand-held freely movable pointing instrument, which human finger or pointing instrument is adjacent to and pointing towards a side of the receptacle, so that the level of fill of the receptacle is determined from the detected position of the finger or pointing instrument the user-selected level of fill and the beverage is dispensed to fill the receptacle up to that level. The device is useful in coffee or other beverage dispensing machines.

Abstract: A device for filling a receptacle with a beverage and a user interface for allowing a user to select a desired level of fill of beverage in the receptacle. The interface includes a mechanism for detecting an object below the outlet, such that the receptacle can be filled with the beverage up to the user selected level of fill, wherein the detection mechanism is arranged to detect a position of a human finger or a hand-held freely movable pointing instrument, which human finger or pointing instrument is adjacent to and pointing towards a side of the receptacle, so that the level of fill of the receptacle is determined from the detected position of the finger or pointing instrument the user-selected level of fill and the beverage is dispensed to fill the receptacle up to that level. The device is useful in coffee or other beverage dispensing machines.

Abstract: A machine for preparing a beverage having a main body containing a brewing unit and a handle movable relative to the main body, so as to act on the brewing unit to open the brewing unit for introduction or removal of an ingredient into and from the unit, and act to close the brewing unit for extraction of such ingredient within the unit. The movable handle has a gripping part and is arranged to be drivable by a human hand. The main body and the movable handle are so connected and configured that the gripping part has a carrying position in which the gripping part is seizable by the human hand for safe lifting and single-handed displacing of the machine.

Abstract: A device for filling a receptacle with a beverage and a user interface for allowing a user to select a desired level of fill of beverage in the receptacle. The interface includes a mechanism for detecting an object below the outlet, such that the receptacle can be filled with the beverage up to the user selected level of fill, wherein the detection mechanism is arranged to detect a position of a human finger or a hand-held freely movable pointing instrument, which human finger or pointing instrument is adjacent to and pointing towards a side of the receptacle, so that the level of fill of the receptacle is determined from the detected position of the finger or pointing instrument the user-selected level of fill and the beverage is dispensed to fill the receptacle up to that level. The device is useful in coffee or other beverage dispensing machines.

Abstract: A beverage preparation machine comprising: a seat (5); an ingredient holder (13) that has a processing configuration and a transfer configuration; and a service unit (20, 30) having an operative position in the seat and being removable from the seat. A mechanical locking device (53) is provided to: mechanically detect a position of the service unit and mechanically prevent the ingredient holder from taking its processing configuration when the service unit is off its operative position; and/or mechanically detect a configuration of the ingredient holder and mechanically prevent removal of the service unit from the seat when the ingredient holder is in its processing configuration.

Abstract: A beverage preparation machine comprises: a) a seat (5); b) a service unit (20, 30) in the seat for storing waste material, the service unit being —insertable manually into the seat into a collection position for collecting waste material such as waste liquid and/or waste beverage ingredient, optionally contained in a pre-portioned ingredient capsule; and —removable, in particular manually, from the seat for emptying the waste material upon collection thereof in the service unit, c) a control means for controlling proper insertion of the service unit in the seat. The control means comprises a touch-sensory feed-back mechanism (40, 50) arranged to indicate to a user an improper insertion of the service unit in the seat.

Abstract: A machine for preparing a beverage having a main body containing a brewing unit and a handle movable relative to the main body, so as to act on the brewing unit to open the brewing unit for introduction or removal of an ingredient into and from the unit, and act to close the brewing unit for extraction of such ingredient within the unit. The movable handle has a gripping part and is arranged to be drivable by a human hand. The main body and the movable handle are so connected and configured that the gripping part has a carrying position in which the gripping part is seizable by the human hand for safe lifting and single-handed displacing of the machine.

Abstract: A beverage preparation device that includes a device for filling via an outlet a cup located below the outlet and a user interface for allowing a user to select a desired level of fill of beverage in the cup. The interface comprises a position detector for detecting either a human finger or a hand-held freely movable pointing instrument adjacent to and pointing towards a side of the cup. The filling device is arranged to derive from the detected position of the finger or pointing instrument the user-selected level of fill and to fill the cup up to this level.

Abstract: A cell for electrowinning a metal, in particular aluminium, from a compound thereof dissolved in an electrolyte (30) comprises an anode (40) and a cathode (10,11) that contact the electrolyte (30), the cathode (10,11) being during use at a cathodic potential for reducing thereon species of the metal to be produced from the dissolved compound. The electrolyte (30) further contains species of at least one element that is liable to contaminate the product metal (20) and that has a cathodic reduction potential which is less negative than the cathodic potential of the metal to be produced. The cell further comprises a collector (50) for removing species of such element (s) from the electrolyte (30).

Abstract: A cell for the electrowinning of aluminium comprises an electrolysis chamber (20) in which alumina is electrolysed to produce aluminium (30) and a collection reservoir (40,40?) in which product aluminium is collected. The electrolysis chamber and the collection reservoir are in liquid communication so that aluminium produced in the electrolysis chamber can flow from the electrolysis chamber into the collection reservoir. The electrolysis chamber contains one or more metal-based anodes (15). Each anode has an active anodic surface (16) spaced above a facing cathodic surface (31) on which aluminium is produced. The cathodic surface is formed on a structural body (12) by a layer made of molten aluminium into which product aluminium is incorporated during operation. The anodic surface and the cathodic surface have a substantially constant operative position.

Abstract: A cell for electrowinning a metal, in particular aluminium, from a compound thereof dissolved in an electrolyte (30) comprises an anode (40) and a cathode (10,11) that contact the electrolyte (30), the cathode (10,11) being during use at a cathodic potential for reducing thereon species of the metal to be produced from the dissolved compound. The electrolyte (30) further contains species of at least one element that is liable to contaminate the product metal (20) and that has a cathodic reduction potential which is less negative than the cathodic potential of the metal to be produced. The cell further comprises a collector (50) for removing species of such element (s) from the electrolyte (30).