Abstract: A novel peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligomer capable of forming a PNA/RNA/PNA triplex when binding to its target RNA is described. An anti-micro RNA (miRNA) capable of binding miR-155 was designed based on the novel PNA oligomer and was shown to significantly decrease miR-155 expression in vitro in lymphoma cell lines. In vivo testing in xenograft mouse models resulted in reduced miR-155 expression followed by reduced tumor growth. Methods of making and using the novel PNA oligomer for targeting other coding and noncoding RNAs are described.

Abstract: Described herein is a modified anti-seed PNA including 5?-Xaa1Xaa2Xaa3-N1N2N3N4N5N6N7N8 N9-Xaa4-3?, wherein Xaa1, Xaa2, Xaa3, and Xaa4 are each independently R or K, wherein N1N2N3N4N5N6N7N8 N9 is a PNA which Watson-Crick base pairs to a seed sequence of an miRNA, wherein N8 and N9 may be null. Also included are methods of inhibiting expression of a miRNA in vivo or in vitro, and methods of treating cancer and other diseases and disorders with the modified anti-see PNAs.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for use in targeting micro RNAs (miRNAs), as well as methods and compositions for use in treating, reducing, inhibiting, or delaying resistance or tolerance to anti-cancer treatment, and methods and compositions for use in treating or preventing cancer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides materials and methods for treating cancer, including Epstein-Barr virus-related cancer.

Abstract: The present disclosure identifies RNAs (including mRNAs and miRNAs) that are bound by LIN-28 in C. elegans. Many of these RNAs have clear human orthologs, and many of these human orthologs are common druggable targets in cancer and/or other diseases, such as kinases, phosphatases, methyltransferases, phosphodiesterases, etc. Accordingly, the present disclosure provides biological targets for LIN-28 expressing cancers, and which are thus useful for selecting chemical and/or biological agents for cancer treatment.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for modulating aging genes or their targets for the treatment or prevention of senescence or symptoms thereof have been developed based on the discovery of naturally occurring inhibitory nucleic acids, in particular lin-4 miRNA, that downregulate genes involved in senescence, lifespan, or age-related disorders. Representative aging genes include, but are not limited to lin-4, lin-14, let-7, lin-28, egl-35 and lin-42. Methods for identifying modulators of aging genes and targets of aging genes are also provided. The disclosed compositions are useful as diagnostics. These can be used in assays to compare genes in normal individuals, with those who are aging well or who demonstrate early senescence, and with those who have age-related disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. The genes can be used to study the pathways and mechanisms involved in aging and age-related disorders.

Abstract: Naturally occurring miRNAs that regulate human oncogenes and methods of use therof are described. Suitable nucleic acids for use in the methods and compositions described herein include, but are not limited to, pri-miRNA, pre-miRNA, mature miRNA or fragments of variants thereof that retain the biological activity of the mature miRNA and DNA encoding a pri-miRNA, pre-miRNA, mature miRNA, fragments or variants thereof, or regulatory elements of the miRNA. The compositions containing nucleic acids are administered to a patient in need of treatment or prophylaxis of at least one symptom or manifestation of cancer. In one embodiment, the compositions are administered in an effective amount to inhibit gene expression of one or more oncogenes. Methods for treatment or prevention of at least one symptom or manifestation of cancer are also described.