Abstract: A variable device for directing sound wavefronts. In one example, individual housings including sound transducers can be shifted relative to one another in such a way that a wavefront adapted to the respective reproduction requirements can be produced. This configuration can be re-designed by mechanically shifting the individual elements of the variable device again.

Abstract: A cushion-like shaped body (1) having an elastic, gel-like filling (2) in a thin-walled outer layer (3) are frequently used as seals, cushions, vibration dampers or shape compensation materials. This shaped body (1) is to be able to withstand severe strains, distortions, compressions and flexural forces, both in the event of brief severe stress and in the event of prolonged stress. For this purpose, the cushion-like shaped body (1) has a filling (2) of a polyurethane having Shore 000 hardness less than or equal to 80 and a compression set less than or equal to 14%, and this filling (2) is present within a shell having an outer layer (3) of a soft silicone material having a layer thickness of 0.075 to 1 mm and a Shore A hardness between 3 A and 45 A. Such a shaped body (1) is able to return to its original form without lasting elongation after tensile strain at room temperature up to 250%. There is no formation of cracks, detachment phenomena, bubbles, folds or other lasting damage.

Abstract: Molding compositions are provided that include a) one or more polyisocyanates, b) one or more polyols, c) one or more catalysts catalyzing the reaction between polyisocyanate and polyol, d) one or more pyrogenically produced oxides of a metal or of a metalloid, and e) at least one or more siloxanes.

Abstract: A method for determining a pattern of use of an electric toothbrush is disclosed. The method includes the steps of providing an electric toothbrush including a drive shaft for coupling to a brush part; an electric motor and a drive for providing a first motion of the drive shaft; measuring a characteristic parameter of the electric motor; detecting a distinctive change of the characteristic parameter; and evaluating the distinctive change.

Abstract: An arrangement is provided having an oscillating motor, a control circuit for controlling the motor, a sensor arrangement for determining an electric characteristic of the motor at a predetermined measuring time or in a predetermined measuring position during an oscillation process, and a processor for determining a movement variable of the motor by means of at least the electric characteristic and a constant inductivity value of the motor. The control circuit in the operating state controls the motor as a function of the movement variable, and the measuring time or the measuring position is predetermined such that the inductivity of the motor remains approximately constant at least in a given current interval, even with different currents through the motor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for measuring the force interaction caused by a sample, wherein a bias voltage, with respect to the sample, is applied between a tip, and the tip is guided at such a small distance to the sample that a measurable current flows between the tip and the sample, and a sensor and signal converter S, which changes the current flowing through the tip-sample contact depending on the intensity of the force interaction, is formed and used in the region of the force interaction. A scanning tunneling microscope therefor is disclosed.

Abstract: Molding compositions are provided that include a) one or more polyisocyanates, b) one or more polyols, c) one or more catalysts catalysing the reaction between polyisocyanate and polyol, d) one or more pyrogenically produced oxides of a metal or of a metalloid, and e) at least one or more siloxanes.

Abstract: A method for determining a shape correction value F for a laboratory liquid-analysis cuvette comprising a cuvette body with a circular cross-section for a photometric liquid analysis includes optically measuring an inside diameter d1 or an outside diameter d0 of the cuvette body to obtain a measured cuvette body diameter d1;d0. A shape correction value F is calculated from the measured cuvette body diameter d1;d0. The shape correction value F for the cuvette body is stored.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement that has an energy source that can provide a charging voltage for charging an electrical energy storage unit in a charging circuit when it is connected to an energy supply, wherein it is possible to represent the charging voltage using an alternating quantity, and that has a capacitor circuit having a first capacitor element, a first valve element, and the energy source, wherein the first capacitor element is charged by the energy source via the first valve element if the charging voltage is negative, so that, if the charging voltage is positive, the voltage over the first capacitor element has the same orientation in the capacitor circuit, in terms of sign, as the charging voltage, and the voltage over the capacitor element.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for examining a sample using a scanning tunneling microscope, wherein before or during image recording, a contrast agent is applied to at least one location on the tip of the scanning tunneling microscope and/or on the sample, which is part of the tunneling contact during the image recording, while a temperature less than or equal to the condensation temperature of the contrast agent is set at this location. A corresponding scanning tunneling microscope is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to the technical field of nanoparticles. The subject matter of the invention is a method for treating nanoparticles for the reduction of ligand spheres.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for measuring the force interaction caused by a sample, wherein a bias voltage, with respect to the sample, is applied between a tip, and the tip is guided at such a small distance to the sample that a measurable current flows between the tip and the sample, and a sensor and signal converter S, which changes the current flowing through the tip-sample contact depending on the intensity of the force interaction, is formed and used in the region of the force interaction. A scanning tunneling microscope therefor is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for determining a pattern of use of an electric toothbrush is disclosed. The method includes the steps of providing an electric toothbrush including a drive shaft for coupling to a brush part; an electric motor and a drive for providing a first motion of the drive shaft; measuring a characteristic parameter of the electric motor; detecting a distinctive change of the characteristic parameter; and evaluating the distinctive change.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement that has an energy source that can provide a charging voltage for charging an electrical energy storage unit in a charging circuit when it is connected to an energy supply, wherein it is possible to represent the charging voltage using an alternating quantity, and that has a capacitor circuit having a first capacitor element, a first valve element, and the energy source, wherein the first capacitor element is charged by the energy source via the first valve element if the charging voltage is negative, so that, if the charging voltage is positive, the voltage over the first capacitor element has the same orientation in the capacitor circuit, in terms of sign, as the charging voltage, and the voltage over the capacitor element.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement having an oscillating motor (100), a control circuit (20) for controlling the motor (100), a sensor arrangement (5) for determining an electric characteristic of the motor (100) at a predetermined measuring time (t1, t2, t3) or in a predetermined measuring position (xM1, xM2 xM3) during an oscillation process, and a processor (21) for determining a movement variable of the motor (100) by means of at least the electric characteristic and a constant inductivity value (Lconst) of the motor (100), wherein the control circuit (20) in the operating state controls the motor (100) as a function of the movement variable, and the measuring time (t1, t2, t3) or the measuring position (xM1, xM2 xM3) is predetermined such that the inductivity (L) of the motor (100) remains approximately constant at least in a given current interval (I1, I2), even with different currents (I) through the motor (100).

Abstract: A small electrical appliance is provided. The small electrical appliance includes a switch element having an on position and an off position that can be activated by a user; an indicator element having a first function and a second function; and a control unit for monitoring the switch element and for controlling the indicator element. The small electrical appliance includes a first operating condition and a second operating condition. And the control unit activates the indicator element to indicate the first function when the small electrical appliance is in the first operating condition and the switch element is in the off position, and the control unit activates the indicator element to indicate the second function when the small electrical appliance is in the first operating condition and the switch element is in the on position.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for examining a sample using a scanning tunneling microscope, wherein before or during image recording, a contrast agent is applied to at least one location on the tip of the scanning tunneling microscope and/or on the sample, which is part of the tunneling contact during the image recording, while a temperature less than or equal to the condensation temperature of the contrast agent is set at this location. A corresponding scanning tunneling microscope is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for forming an end area of a workpiece (2), especially for cold press-forming an end area of a pipe, comprising two force transmitting elements (7, 9) which are guided in a common housing (3). The device is characterised in that a first pressure chamber (26) is located between the two force transmission elements (7, 9) and in that a second pressure chamber (28) is allocated to the second force transmission element (9). When the first force transmission element (7) is in the bracing position, the second force transmission element (9) can be displaced in relation to the first force transmission element (7) in order to form the workpiece.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for forming an end area of a workpiece (2), especially for cold press-forming an end area of a pipe, comprising two force transmitting elements (7, 9) which are guided in a common housing (3). The device is characterised in that a first pressure chamber (26) is located between the two force transmission elements (7, 9) and in that a second pressure chamber (28) is allocated to the second force transmission element (9). When the first force transmission element (7) is in the bracing position, the second force transmission element (9) can be displaced in relation to the first force transmission element (7) in order to form the workpiece.